Kakatiya dynasty:

Historic sources relating to the Kakatiya dynasty are sparse. Of those that are
available, the most prevalent are ancient inscriptions that mainly document matters
relating to religion, such as donations to Hindu temples. They are particularly
abundant for the period 1175–1324 CE, which is the period when the dynasty most
flourished and are a reflection of that. The probability is that many inscriptions have
been lost due to buildings falling into disuse and also the ravages of subsequent
rulers, most notably the Muslim Mughal Empire in the Telangana region. Inscriptions
are still being discovered today but governmental agencies tend to concentrate on
recording those that are already known rather than searching for new examples.

The Kakatiya base was the city of Orugallu in the dry uplands of northern Telangana
on the Deccan Plateau. From there they expanded their influence into Coastal
Andhra, the delta between the Godavari and Krishna rivers that feed into the Bay of
Bengal. According to Rao and Shulman, the latter contained a high proportion of
Brahmins while the former was the haunt of "peasants, artisans and warriors". [5]
Under the Kakatiyas, cultural innovation often began in the uplands, was refined in
the lowlands and then recycled back into the Deccan. This bi-directional flow of
cultural influences brought into being a feeling of cultural affinity between those who
spoke the Telugu language where nothing of that nature had previously existed. The
unification of the distinct upland and lowland cultures was their most significant
political achievement, achieved through a process of binding many locally powerful
figures in allegiance to the empire.[4]

The area of land under Kakatiya control reached its zenith around the 13th century
CE during the rule of Ganapati Deva. By this time, South India and the Deccan was
essentially under the aegis of four Hindu monarchies, of which the Kakatiyas were
one. The four dynasties were in a constant state of warfare with each other, with the
Kakatiyas eventually exercising control from close to Anagondi in the west to Kalyani
in the north-east, and down to Kanei and Ganjam district in southern Orissa.