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Review Questions: The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery Continuing Medical Education
Review Questions: The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery Continuing Medical Education
CME
Review Questions
January, February, March
2005
The deadline to submit your answers for grading this set of questions is July 15, 2005.
5. In order for the American Academy of Orthopaedic 4. Which of the following factors is the main
Surgeons to document your participation in the reason for loss of elbow and forearm
CME activity, Academy Fellows must provide their strength following radial head resection
AAOS membership number in the designated area because of a comminuted fracture of the
on the Response Form. radial head?
A. wrist and forearm pain with resultant ulnar
6. In addition to providing the answers to the CME abutment
questions, you must complete the examination B. valgus elbow deformity
evaluation questions. These questions are found C. osteoarthrosis of the elbow
on the Response Form. The way you answer these D. lack of proximal support of the radiocapitellar
evaluation questions will not in any way affect the articulation
score that you achieve. E. restricted elbow joint mobility
7. All completed answer sheets will be graded, and
5. Which of the following combinations of bone-
you will be advised of the results of this examina-
graft substitutes has been shown to be ef-
tion within four weeks after it is received. In order
fective as prophylaxis against infection in a
to qualify for CME credit, a score of more than 50% goat fracture model that was contaminated
correct must be achieved on the examination. A with Staphylococcus aureus?
charge of $30 per quarter, or $110 per year, must A. calcium sulfate and demineralized bone
be paid at the time that the answer sheet is sub- matrix
mitted. The deadline to submit your answers for B. calcium sulfate
grading this set of questions is July 15, 2005. C. tobramycin-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate
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T HE JOUR NA L OF B ONE & JOINT SURGER Y · JBJS.OR G VO L U M E 87- A · CM E I · J A N , F E B , M A R 2005
D. tobramycin-impregnated calcium sulfate and E. the results were markedly worse in the former
demineralized bone matrix group
E. demineralized bone matrix
10. When patients with lower-extremity sarcoma
6. Which of the following medications, when were treated with limb-salvage surgery com-
given intra-articularly, has been shown to bined with high-dose postoperative external
be most effective in reducing postoperative beam radiation therapy, they were noted to
pain following anterior cruciate ligament have:
reconstruction? A. an increased rate of pulmonary metastases
A. methadone B. an increased rate of perioperative wound
B. morphine complications
C. hyalogen C. an increased rate of local recurrence
D. corticosteroid D. a decreased rate of fractures
E. saline solution E. an increased rate of fractures
9. When the twenty-year results of total hip ar- 14. Patients who sustain a fracture of the femo-
throplasty performed with filling of the su- ral neck and have a correctable acute medi-
perolateral defect of the acetabulum with cal comorbidity:
cement in patients with congenital hip dis- A. should nevertheless undergo immediate oper-
location were compared with the twenty- ative intervention
year results of total hip arthroplasty per- B. should undergo surgery within twenty-four
formed for hip arthritis with other causes, hours to prevent progression of the acute
it was found that: medical condition
A. the results were comparable C. should be maximally optimized before being
B. the results were better in the former group operated on
C. the results depended on the amount of ce- D. should have surgery within four days after the
ment coverage fracture because mortality rates rise after the
D. the results depended on the femoral deformity fifth day
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T HE JOUR NA L OF B ONE & JOINT SURGER Y · JBJS.OR G VO L U M E 87- A · CM E I · J A N , F E B , M A R 2005
E. should have surgery within four days after op- ultrasonic cement removal?
timization of the medical condition A. use of short bursts of energy
B. constant motion of the ultrasonic device
15. In a randomized study of the results three within the cement mantle
months after injection of botulinum toxin C. frequent irrigation between passes of the ul-
for the treatment of tennis elbow, the authors trasonic probe
found that, compared with controls, patients D. deflation of the tourniquet
who had received the botulinum injection had: E. all of the above
A. better grip strength
B. a persistent extensor lag 20. In HIV-positive patients with spinal infection,
C. less pain which of the following best predicts severity
D. a lower Short Form-12 score for physical of illness?
function A. white blood-cell count of >15 × 109/L on ini-
E. no significant differences tial presentation
B. Duration of HIV infection
16. On the average, an extended trochanteric C. CD4 count of <50/mm3
osteotomy decreases the torsional strength D. infection with Staphylococcus aureus
of a femur by about: E. presence of osteomyelitis
A. 10%
B. 20% 21. You make a diagnosis of posterior dis-
C. 50% location of the shoulder in a male patient
D. 70% within twenty-four hours after the injury.
E. 90% Radiographs show a small humeral head
defect. All of the following statements are
17. A thirteen-year-old Amish boy presents with true, except:
a five-month history of groin pain. A diagno- A. a good functional outcome is anticipated
sis of slipped capital femoral epiphysis is following relocation
made. You inform the parents that, com- B. an osteochondral fracture of the anterior part
pared with non-Amish white children with of the humeral head is likely
slipped capital femoral epiphysis, Amish C. spontaneous relocation is unlikely
children with the disorder have: D. closed reduction should not be attempted
A. a higher prevalence of bilaterality and a higher E. restriction of external rotation of the shoulder
prevalence of positive family history is a useful diagnostic sign
B. a higher prevalence of bilaterality and a lower
prevalence of positive family history 22. Which of the following is considered to be
C. a lower prevalence of bilaterality and a higher the gold-standard suturing technique for
prevalence of positive family history meniscal repair?
D. a lower prevalence of bilaterality and a lower A. all-inside absorbable implant
prevalence of positive family history B. second-generation flexible all-inside ten-
E. the same prevalence of bilaterality and the sioned absorbable implant
same prevalence of positive family history C. horizontal mattress suture
D. vertical mattress suture
18. Which of the following distal femoral frac- E. fibrin glue
ture patterns is most likely to be associated
with an open traumatic wound? 23. To avoid substantial radiation exposure
A. supracondylar distal femoral fracture while operating a miniature c-arm device,
(AO/OTA 33-A) a surgeon should maintain at least what
B. supracondylar-intercondylar distal femoral distance from the beam?
fracture without comminution (AO/OTA 33-C1) A. 5 cm
C. supracondylar-intercondylar distal femoral B. 10 cm
fracture with supracondylar comminution C. 20 cm
(AO/OTA 33-C2) D. 30 cm
D. supracondylar-intercondylar distal femoral E. 40 cm
fracture with a lateral coronal plane fracture
(AO/OTA 33-C3) 24. Following total hip arthroplasty with a metal-
E. supracondylar-intercondylar distal femoral on-metal articulation, hypersensitivity reac-
fracture with medial and lateral coronal plane tions to wear and repassivation products
fractures (AO/OTA 33-C3) may develop in some patients. If hypersensi-
tivity is established as the cause of bursa
19. Which of the following factors may de- formation, pain, or bone resorption, a sur-
crease the risk of thermal injury during geon should consider:
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T HE JOUR NA L OF B ONE & JOINT SURGER Y · JBJS.OR G VO L U M E 87- A · CM E I · J A N , F E B , M A R 2005
A. reassuring the patient and waiting for relief of of the following had the greatest influence
symptoms on the security of the repair?
B. suppressing the reactions with drug therapy A. suture size
C. replacing the articulation with a different artic- B. suture material (braided or monofilament)
ulation device that does not liberate nickel, C. suture material (permanent or resorbable)
cobalt, or chromium ions D. number of knots across the repair site
D. advising the patient to limit activity in order to E. suture construct (simple or mattress)
reduce the rate of wear
E. treating the osteolytic lesions (resecting the 30. When liquid gentamicin is added to cement,
granuloma, refreshing the bone surfaces until all but one of the following statements are
bleeding occurs, bone-grafting, and using ce- true:
menting techniques) so that implant stability A. it maintains bacteriocidal activity
is not jeopardized B. it is eluted effectively from cement
C. it can be used in cement spacers
25. The amount of pain and functional impair- D. it is cost-effective when compared with
ment, as measured with the Short Form-36, tobramycin
in patients about to undergo bunion surgery: E. it can be used to reimplant prosthetic
A. correlated with the severity of the hallux val- components
gus angle
B. correlated with the intermetatarsal 1-2 angle 31. The effect of bisphosphonates in patients
C. inversely correlated with the hallux valgus angle undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty is
D. inversely correlated with the intermetatarsal best described as follows:
1-2 angle A. bisphosphonates lead to significant de-
E. did not correlate with the severity of the hallux creases in bone mineral density when com-
valgus or intermetatarsal 1-2 angle pared with control values
B. bisphosphonates have no effect on bone min-
26. Of the following determinants of glenoid ca- eral density in patients undergoing hip and
pacity, which is the most important in pro- knee arthroplasty
viding containment of the glenohumeral joint C. patients taking bisphosphonates will have sig-
in patients with atraumatic posteroinferior nificantly greater bone mineral density values
multidirectional instability? at one year after surgery compared with the
A. height of the posteroinferior aspect of the bone mineral density at the time of surgery
labrum D. bisphosphonates lead to significantly less
B. depth of the osseous glenoid periprosthetic bone loss (bone mineral den-
C. height of the anteroinferior aspect of the labrum sity) than that in controls
D. width of the osseous glenoid E. bisphosphonates are contraindicated in any
E. thickness of the articular cartilage of the gle- patient undergoing joint arthroplasty
noid
32. Which of the following findings would be in-
27. Which factor is least associated with patient consistent with protrusions of polyethylene
satisfaction following surgical repair of the from the backside of tibial inserts through
rotator cuff? screw-holes in the tibial base-plate being
A. tear size caused by wear of the insert?
B. age A. distinct, eroded transition between the back-
C. forward elevation at the time of follow-up side surface in contact with the tibial tray and
D. ASES (American Shoulder and Elbow Sur- the backside surface opposite screw-holes
geons) score B. the height of the protrusions does not in-
E. work disability crease with thinner tibial inserts
C. the protrusions have an oblong shape, while
28. High NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucle- the screw-holes are round
otide) autofluorescence in skeletal muscle D. the height of the protrusions increases under
indicating soft-tissue trauma-induced tissue areas of higher compressive loads
hypoxia is negatively correlated with: E. an increased prevalence of osteolysis along
A. inflammatory cell response fixation screws
B. functional capillary density
C. location of soft-tissue trauma 33. An analysis of chondrocyte death following
D. parecoxib blood concentration harvest of a human femoral osteochondral
E. mean arterial blood pressure graft showed:
A. less cell death with “power-harvesting”
29. Different suture constructs were studied in a techniques
cadaveric model of rotator cuff repair. Which B. cell death occurring only near the tidemark
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T HE JOUR NA L OF B ONE & JOINT SURGER Y · JBJS.OR G VO L U M E 87- A · CM E I · J A N , F E B , M A R 2005
C. cell death associated with the wound edge 38. Perioperative administration of nonsteroidal
D. no increase in the rate of marginal cell anti-inflammatory drugs to patients undergo-
death between fifteen and 120 minutes post- ing spinal fusion surgery was found to be as-
harvest sociated with which of the following?
E. uniform distribution of cell death across the A. increased postoperative opioid use
cartilage surface B. increased hospitalization rates
C. reduction in postoperative pain
34. When compared with patients with discrete D. increased frequency of postoperative nausea
arm pain, patients with vague, diffuse idio- and vomiting
pathic (nonspecific) arm pain were found to E. reduction in chronic pain syndromes
be more likely to:
A. have increased attention to internal physical 39. Bisphosphonates may prevent femoral head
sensations (private body consciousness) deformity following ischemic necrosis in pigs
B. believe that their health was dependent through which mechanism?
on external forces or other people (such A. stimulating revascularization and appositional
as doctors) new bone formation
C. complain of substantially greater pain when B. decreasing pain and mechanical fragmenta-
lifting a heavy object tion of the femoral head
D. demonstrate poor coping mechanisms (in- C. strengthening necrotic bone through a physio-
creased catastrophizing) chemical mechanism
E. have substantially fewer somatic symptoms D. preserving the trabecular framework of the
femoral head by inhibiting bone resorption
35. What combination of metabolic abnormali- E. stimulating recruitment of osteoblast precur-
ties constitutes the triad of death? sors to the site of repair
A. hyperthermia, acidosis, coagulopathy
B. hypothermia, alkalosis, coagulopathy 40. Of the following hospital cost centers, which
C. hypothermia, acidosis, coagulopathy one is associated with the highest amount
D. hyperthermia, alkalosis, coagulopathy of resource utilization for primary and revi-
E. normothermia, acidosis, coagulopathy sion total hip arthroplasty?
A. blood bank
36. In one study, the diagnosis made by the ex- B. rehabilitative services
amining orthopaedic surgeon was more ac- C. radiology
curate than that made by a radiologist D. operating room equipment and implants
interpreting a magnetic resonance image for E. operating room time and staff
all of the following knee injuries in children
except: 41. In a study examining ultrasonic cement re-
A. anterior cruciate ligament tears moval from human cadaveric humeri, the
B. lateral meniscal tears magnitude and rate of temperature elevation
C. osteochondritis dissecans in surrounding tissue from greatest to least
D. discoid lateral meniscus was:
E. medial meniscal tears A. bone, radial nerve, triceps muscle
B. radial nerve, bone, triceps muscle
37. In a study comparing complication rates C. radial nerve, triceps muscle, bone
among patients who had undergone bilateral D. triceps muscle, bone, radial nerve
knee replacement in one stage (sequential), E. bone, median nerve, biceps muscle
in two stages during one hospitalization
(staggered), or in two stages at a minimum of 42. Which of the following complications of an-
six weeks apart (staged), it was found that: terior cervical spine surgery is likely to oc-
A. the overall rate was lowest in the group cur more frequently when ossification of the
treated in two stages during one hospitaliza- posterior longitudinal ligament is encoun-
tion (staggered) tered?
B. the overall rate was lowest in the group A. Brown-Séquard syndrome
treated in one stage (sequential) B. spinal fluid leakage
C. the overall rate was lowest in the group C. vertebral artery injury
treated in two stages during two hospitaliza- D. postoperative kyphosis
tions (staged) E. esophageal perforation
D. the rate of major complications was highest in
the group treated in two stages during one 43. What is the most common deficiency of or-
hospitalization (staggered) thopaedic surgeons with regard to communi-
E. the rate of major complications was highest in cating with their patients?
the group treated in two stages during two A. expressing confidence
hospitalizations (staged) B. educating patients
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RESPONSE FORM
EXAMINATION EVALUATION ANSWER KEY
Did the April 2005 CME Review Questions meet these Black out the correct answers
educational objectives*: 1. 18. 35.
1. Provide a broad-based review and update specifically 2. 19. 36.
in the areas of hip and trauma surgery and
orthopaedic rehabilitation? Yes No 3. 20. 37.
2. Strengthen your problem-solving abilities related 4. 21. 38.
to patient care particularly in the areas of the 5. 22. 39.
hip and trauma? Yes No
6. 23. 40.
3. Make you aware of new advances in orthopaedic
7. 24. 41.
surgical techniques and technology? Yes No
Comments (please comment on the quality of the ques- 8. 25. 42.
tions and their relationship to your practice): ____________ 9. 26. 43.
_______________________________________________________ 10. 27. 44.
_______________________________________________________ 11. 28. 45.
*Note: These objectives will change every quarter.
12. 29. 46.
SURVEY (optional)
13. 30. 47.
1. Which of the following best describes your practice type?
14. 31. 48.
General orthopaedics
General orthopaedics with subspecialty interest 15. 32. 49.
Exclusively subspecialty 16. 33. 50.
Resident or student 17. 34. CME Credits
Researcher
Claimed* _________
Other: __________________________________________
*Required. Please enter the number of CME credit hours you are claiming
2. What are your specialty interests? Please rank in
for this exam. You must complete this field to receive CME credit.
order of importance (1 = highest importance).
____ Adult ____ Spine AAOS Member Number _______________________________________
____ Geriatric ____ Hand (Without this number, the AAOS will not track your CME credits.)
____ Pediatric ____ Rheumatology
____ Rehabilitation ____ Foot and Ankle Last Name First Name Degree
____ Sports ____ Other: ________________
____ Trauma Mailing Address
3. Which is your number-one priority to read when you
receive The Journal (American volume only) each State Zip Code
month?
Commercial advertising Current Concepts
Phone Number
Classified advertising Letters to The Editor
Clinical scientific articles Basic scientific articles
Orthopaedic Forum Instructional Course Fax Number E-mail Address (optional)
Lectures PAYMENT OPTIONS
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This activity has been planned and implemented in ac- Mail to: CME Division, The Journal of Bone and Joint
cordance with the Essential Areas and policies of the Surgery, 20 Pickering Street, Needham, MA 02492
Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education
Subscription (4 quarterly exams) .................. $110.00
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education for physicians. The AAOS designates this edu- Bone and Joint Surgery (drawn on a U.S. bank or U.S.
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toward the AMA Physicians’ Recognition Award. Each
physician should claim only those hours of credit that Mastercard Visa AMEX
he/she actually spent in the educational activity. Account number: ______________________________________
The deadline to submit your answers for grading this set Expiration date: ______ /_______
of questions is July 15, 2005.
Name as it appears on card: ___________________________
QUESTIONS?
For payment questions, contact the Subscription Depart- I authorize my credit card to be charged $ ___________ for
ment at 781-449-9780, x140. For questions regarding this activity.
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