DEFINITION OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

Quantitative research is an objective, systematic empirical investigation of observable phenomena through the
use of computational techniques. It highlights numerical analysis of data hoping that the numbers yield unbiased results
that can be generalized to some larger population and explain a particular observation. Simply, quantitative research is
concerned with numbers and its relationship with events.

The quantitative research suggests that the data concerned can be analyzed in terms of numbers. An example
that we can give for this study is a study comparing the performance of Grade 12 in Cauayan National High School and
Guilungan National high School in Physical Science when ICT is integrated in teaching. This can be approached by getting
the average performance of both schools before and after integrating ICT.
Then the averages can be compared and analyzed to see the differences or effectiveness. In this case, numbers
are used as data for analysis. Another is surveying what do viewers in Burgos, La Union prefer to watch: is it GMA Eat
Bulaga or ABS-CBN Showtime noontime show. In here, it may be approached by making a survey questionnaire asking
for the preference of viewers in Burgos, La Union.

Human history abounds with problems. Problems are everywhere in different variety in different perspective which
affect mankind. Problems are observed along political, social, environmental and many aspects of life. This may between
individuals, groups or in an organization. In that, mankind wants solution to these problems. These solutions should not
be only effective but also be acquired and used for improvement. To be able to achieve that, solutions must be based in
knowledge, not on mere beliefs, guesses, or theories. To acquire this knowledge, it requires a well-planned and
systematic procedure and should be continuously evaluated on its accuracy and usefulness. In that, RESEARCH has been
devised to meet this need.
Research is a natural day-to-day activity of gathering information. It may in the form of qualitative or
quantitative. Qualitative researches are those studies in which the data concerned can be described without the use of
numerical data while quantitative research suggests that the data concerned can be analyzed in terms of numbers.
Quantitative research uses quantitative method and these terms are often used interchangeably. Quantitative
methods pertain to the various quantitative techniques for the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. One of
the most popular techniques for collecting quantitative data are through the use of surveys. Descriptive statistics and
interpretative statistics on the other hand are commonly used for analyzing data.
Quantitative research may be defined as the systematic empirical investigation of social phenomena using tools
of mathematics and statistics. The term “quantitative” emphasizes that this type of research involves quantification or
measurement and usually involves numbers. The term empirical means that this type of research is concerned with
things or characteristics that are observable. The term “social phenomena” emphasizes that it is concerned with people,
their communities their organizations, and even their behavior. Quantitative research was originally used in the natural
sciences but was later adopted in the social science
Quantitative research has many applications. It is very useful when we want to measure or evaluate something
or when we are looking for numerical answers to complex questions. It is used for testing theories, models, or
hypotheses. It is also useful when we want to develop quantitative models that can be used to project or predict future
events based on past events or scenarios. Quantitative research is widely used in education, economics, business,
management, political science, sociology, psychology, public policy, and other discipline.
Quantitative research designs use numbers in stating generalizations about a given problem or inquiry in
contrast to qualitative research that hardly uses statistical treatment in stating generalizations. The numbers in
quantitative research are the results of objective scales of measurements of the units of analysis called variables.
Research findings are subjected to statistical treatment to determine significant relationships or differences
between variables, the results of which are the bases for generalization about phenomena.

In this unit, you will be encountering also the characteristics of quantitative research, its strength and weaknesses, its
kinds and importance across disciplines. In here also, we will be tackling kinds of variables and its uses.