MODUL PERKULIAHAN

English for
Engineering 2
Design and Drawing

Fakultas Program Studi Tatap Muka Kode MK Disusun Oleh

02
Fakultas Teknik Teknik Elektro F021700002 Regina Lionnie, S.T., M.T.

Abstract
Grammar: Passive voice is used when
the focus is on the action. It is not
important or not known, however,
who or what is performing the action.
Example: My bike was stolen.
Competency
Students are able to learn English in
Engineering in 4 parts : reading and
vocabulary, grammar, listening and
writing/reading scientific paper.
Reading and Vocabulary

2020 English for Engineering 2

2 Regina Lionnie, S.T.,M.T
Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning
http://www.mercubuana.ac.id
2020 English for Engineering 2
3 Regina Lionnie, S.T.,M.T
Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning
http://www.mercubuana.ac.id
Reading Exercise

2020 English for Engineering 2

4 Regina Lionnie, S.T.,M.T
Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning
http://www.mercubuana.ac.id
Grammar
Passive Voice

Use of Passive

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however,
who or what is performing the action.

Example: My bike was stolen.

In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who
did it.

Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows:

Example: A mistake was made.

In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have
made a mistake.).

Form of Passive

Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)

Example: A letter was written.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:

• the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
• the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
• the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is
dropped)

2020 English for Engineering 2

5 Regina Lionnie, S.T.,M.T
Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning
http://www.mercubuana.ac.id
2020 English for Engineering 2
6 Regina Lionnie, S.T.,M.T
Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning
http://www.mercubuana.ac.id
2020 English for Engineering 2
7 Regina Lionnie, S.T.,M.T
Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning
http://www.mercubuana.ac.id
Listening
For listening section, please open the URL :
https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/learning-english/activities-for-learners/b1l080-tastes
Then, you will see the prompt like this

Play the audio and try to answer the following questions.

2020 English for Engineering 2

8 Regina Lionnie, S.T.,M.T
Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning
http://www.mercubuana.ac.id
Scientific Paper: Paraphrase

Paraphrasing means formulating someone else’s ideas in your own words. To paraphrase a source,
you have to rewrite a passage without changing the meaning of the original text.

Paraphrasing is an alternative to quoting, where you copy someone’s exact words and put them in
quotation marks. In academic writing, it’s usually better to paraphrase instead of quoting, because it
shows that you have understood the source and makes your work more original.

Every time you paraphrase, it’s important to cite the source. You also have to be careful not to use
wording that is too similar to the original. Otherwise, you could be at risk of committing plagiarism.

How to paraphrase in five steps

1. Read the passage several times to fully understand the meaning

2. Note down key concepts
3. Write your version of the text without looking at the original
4. Compare your paraphrased text with the original passage and make minor adjustments to
phrases that remain too similar
5. Cite the source where you found the idea

Paraphrasing example
Original passage
“The number of foreign and domestic tourists in the Netherlands rose above 42 million in 2017, an
increase of 9% and the sharpest growth rate since 2006, the national statistics office CBS reported
on Wednesday” (DutchNews.nl, 2018).

Paraphrased version
According to the national statistics office, the Netherlands experienced dramatic growth in tourist
numbers in 2017. More than 42 million tourists travelled to or within the Netherlands that year,
representing a 9% increase – the steepest in 12 years (DutchNews.nl, 2018).

Paraphrasing tips

The five steps to paraphrasing may seem straightforward but writing an idea in a different
way than the published version can be difficult. These are four tricks you can apply to help
you do so.

1. Start your first sentence at a different point from that of the original source
2. Use synonyms (words that mean the same thing)
3. Change the sentence structure (e.g. from active to passive voice)
4. Break the information into separate sentences

2020 English for Engineering 2

9 Regina Lionnie, S.T.,M.T
Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning
http://www.mercubuana.ac.id
Original quote:
“But the hearing was about more than Facebook; it exposed a critical turning point as the power,
sophistication and potential exploitation of technology outpaces what users, regulators or even its
creators expected or seem prepared to handle” (Roose & Kang, 2018, para. 11).

Paraphrased version:
The hearing made it apparent that the expectations of creators, regulators and users have been
rapidly eclipsed by technology in general, not only Facebook. Such technologies now extend beyond
what these parties are able to manage, due to their immense influence, potential for exploitation
and sophistication (Roose & Kang, 2018, para. 11).

Paraphrasing vs. quoting

If you complete thorough research and take notes on the sources you read, you will naturally
end up paraphrasing most of the important information you find rather than using direct
quotes. It is wise to limit the number of direct quotes in your paper because:

• Paraphrasing shows that you clearly understand the meaning of a text

• Your own voice will remain dominant throughout your paper
• Quotes reduce the readability of your text

Quotes are appropriate when:

• Giving a precise definition

• Saying something about the author’s language or style
• Providing evidence in support of an argument
• Critiquing or analyzing a specific claim

Paraphrasing vs. summarizing

A paraphrase is a rewriting of a specific passage from someone else, so it will be

approximately the same length as the source’s original quote.

When you completely or partially describe the outcome of a more substantial part of the
research, it is called a summary.

There is a distinct difference between paraphrasing and summarizing. However, in general

(as is the case in many universities), both are often referred to as paraphrasing.

2020 English for Engineering 2

10 Regina Lionnie, S.T.,M.T
Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning
http://www.mercubuana.ac.id
Reference
1. Mark Ibbotson (2016). Professional English for Engineering Cambridge

2. H. Glendinning, Eric and Glendinning, Norman. (2016). English for Electrical and
Mechanical Engineering. Oxford University Press.

3. https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive

4. https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/learning-english/activities-for-learners/b1l080-tastes

5. https://www.scribbr.com/citing-sources/how-to-paraphrase/

2020 English for Engineering 2

11 Regina Lionnie, S.T.,M.T
Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning
http://www.mercubuana.ac.id