HETT208: Signal Processing

Test 2
Answer ALL questions

1. (a) The interface between an analog signal and (f) A discrete time signal may be
a digital processor is 1) Samples of a continuous signal
2) A time series which is a domain of
A. D/A converter integers
B. A/D converter 3) Time series of sequence of quantities
C. Modulator 4) Amplitude modulated wave
D. Demodulator
A. 1, 2 and 3 are correct
(b) During digital signal processing, the speech B. 1 and 2 are correct
signal is obtained after C. 1 and 3 are correct
D. All the four are correct
A. Analog to digital conversion
B. Digital to analog conversion (g) The discrete impulse function is defined by
C. Modulation
D. Quantization A. (n) = 1, n ≥ 0
= 0, n ≠ 1
(c) As compared to the analog systems, the B. (n) = 1, n = 0
digital processing of signals allow = 0, n ≠ 1
C. (n) = 1, n ≤ 0
1) Programmable operations = 0, n ≠ 1
2) Flexibility in the system design D. (n) = 1, n ≤ 0
3) Cheaper systems = 0, n ≥ 1
4) More reliability
(h) DTFT is the representation of
A. 1, 2 and 3 are correct
B. 1 and 2 are correct A. Periodic Discrete time signals
C. 1, 2 and 4 are correct B. Aperiodic Discrete time signals
D. All the four are correct C. Aperiodic continuous signals
D. Periodic continuous signals
(d) The Nyquist theorem for sampling
1) Relates the conditions in time domain (i) The transforming relations performed by
and frequency domain DTFT are
2) Helps in quantization 1) Linearity
3) Limits the bandwidth requirement 2) Modulation
4) Gives the spectrum of the signal 3) Shifting
4) Convolution
A. 1, 2 and 3 are correct
B. 1 and 2 are correct A. 1, 2 and 3 are correct
C. 1 and 3 are correct B. 1 and 2 are correct
D. All the four are correct C. 1 and 3 are correct
D. All the four are correct
(e) Roll-off factor is
A. The bandwidth occupied beyond the (j) The DFT is preferred for:
Nyquist Bandwidth of the filter 1) Its ability to determine the frequency
B. The performance of the filter or device component of the signal
C. Aliasing effect 2) Removal of noise
D. None of the above 3) Filter design
4) Quantization of signal
HETT 208:Signal Processing

(o) The similarity between the Fourier transform

A. 1, 2 and 3 are correct and the z transform is that
B. 1 and 2 are correct
C. 1 and 3 are correct A. Both convert frequency spectrum domain
D. All the four are correct to discrete time domain
B. Both convert discrete time domain to
(k) Frequency selectivity characteristics of DFT frequency spectrum domain
refers to C. Both convert analog signal to digital
signal
A. Ability to resolve different frequency D. Both convert digital signal to analog
components from input signal signal
B. Ability to translate into frequency domain
C. Ability to convert into discrete signal (p) Which signal is sampled at regular intervals
D. None of the above for the purpose of ADC?
A. analog signal
(l) FFT may be used to calculate B. digital signal
1) DFT C. quantised signal
2) IDFT D. sampled signal
3) Direct Z transform
4) In direct Z transform (q) Which theorem describes the sampling rate
with the frequency of the analogue signal?
A. 1, 2 and 3 are correct A. Nyquist theorem
B. 1 and 2 are correct B. Bayes theorem
C. 1 and 3 are correct C. Sampling theorem
D. All the four are correct D. Parseval’s theorem

(m) The transformations are required for (r) Which filter is used for filtering out the high
1) Analysis in time or frequency domain frequency components?
2) Quantization A. bandpass filter
3) Easier operations B. band reject filter
4) Modulation C. analogue filter
d). digital filter
A. 1, 2 and 3 are correct
B. 1 and 2 are correct (s) Which is the first type of error caused during
C. 1 and 3 are correct the analogue to digital conversion process?
D. All the four are correct A. sampling error
B. interrupt signal
(n) The s plane and z plane are related as C. counter error
D. quantisation error
A. z = esT
B. z = e2sT (t) Which factor influences the quantisation
C. z = 2esT error?
D. z = esT/2 A. number of error
B. number of bits
C. size of error
D. conversion process

2
 HETT 208:Signal Processing

2. (a) What is a signal in the context of signal processing? [2]

(b) Give the classification of signals [5]

3. List the types of systems in signal processing [5]

4. (a) Define the following transforms and explain how they are related to each other:
(i) Discrete time Fourier transform (DTFT)
(ii) Discrete Fourier transform (DFT)
(iii) Fast Fourier transform (FFT). [6]
(b) Explain how the DTFT is related to the analogue Fourier transform. [2]

5. With the aid of a block diagram, explain how analogue signals may be processed by digital signal processing
techniques implemented on special purpose microprocessors. Briefly describe the function of each block in your
diagram and indicate how its specification is affected by the bandwidths of the analogue input and output signals
and the choice of sampling rate. [10]

6. (a) Define the terms:

(i) Quantisation
(ii) Quantisation error
(b) Suppose you are using an ADC with a 3-bit resolution with 3.3 V and 0 V reference voltages to which you
apply an analogue input of 0.4254 V for digitisation.
(i) Calculate the converted value for ADC.
(ii) Calculate the quantisation error and the SQNR of the ADC [5]
(c) Determine the quantization error and SQNR for a 0 V to 3.3 V reference potential analog to
digital converter for the following resolutions.
(i) 8-bit
(ii) 10-bit
(iii) 12-bit
(iv) 14-bit
(v) 16-bit [5]

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