Matrices and Determinants

Dr. Lilik Anifah, S.T., M.T.

Matrices
 A matrix is represented by a capital letter A
(bold) or by [aij ] where aij represents a typical
element in the ith row and j th column of the
matrix.
The sum and difference of matrices
Multiplication of a matrix by a scalar
Multiplication of two matrices
Multiplication of two matrices
Solution
The unit matrix/Matrik Identitas

The unit matrix is a square matrix which leaves any matrix,

A, unchanged under multiplication. If A is a square matrix,
then AI = IA = A
The transpose of a matrix
Some special types of matrices
Square matrix
A square matrix has a leading diagonal, which comprises
the elements lying along the diagonal from the top left-
hand corner to the bottom righthand corner as marked
below.
Some special types of matrices
Upper triangular matrix

An upper triangular matrix is a square matrix which has

zeros below the leading diagonal
Some special types of matrices
Lower triangular matrix
A lower triangular matrix has zeros above the leading
diagonal
Some special types of matrices
Symmetric matrix
A symmetric matrix is such that AT = A, that is, the
elements are symmetric about the leading diagonal,
The inverse of a matrix
The inverse of a matrix A is a matrix A−1 such that
AA−1 = A−1A = I (the unit matrix).
Transformations
 Rotation
 Reflection
 Translation
 Scaling
 Combined transformations
Transformations
Rotation
Transformations
Rotation
Transformations
Reflection
To perform a reflection in the x-axis, we multiply the
position vectors of the points
Transformations
Translation
Find and draw
the image of
the unit square
with vertices
A(0,0), B(1,0),
C(1,1), D(0,1)
after
translation
through
Transformations
Scaling
To scale in the x-direction, we multiply the position
vectors of the point (x,y) by a matrix

where Sx is the scale factor. Under this

transformation, vectors that have no x-component
will be unaffected. To scale in the y-direction, we
multiply the position vectors of the points
Transformations
Scaling
Transformations
Combined transformations
Find the coordinates of the vertices of the
unit square after:
(a) rotation about the origin through 50◦
followed by a translation of (−1, 2);
(b) translation of (−1, 2) followed by
rotation about the origin through 50◦.
Transformations
Combined transformations
Transformations
Combined transformations
Transformations
Combined transformations
Kesimpulan

 Definisi Matrices
 Operasi matrik
 Aplikasi matrik
 Jenis-jenis matrik
 Transformasi matrik
Tugas
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