EMERGENCE OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION

The Period between 1900 and 1935 (Traditional Era)

 Fredick W. Taylor
- Scientific Management Approach or Taylorism
o Six Important Principles
o Piece-rate principle
o The principle of separation of planning from performance
o The principle of managerial control
o Time-study principle
o Principle of scientific methods of work
o Principle of functional management

 Henri Fayol
- Fayol's 14 Principles of Management
o Division of labour
o Authority
o Discipline
o Unity of command
o Unity of direction
o Subordination of individual interest to the common good
o Remuneration
o Centralization
o Hierarchy
o Order
o Equity
o Stability of staff
o Initiative
o Esprit de Corps

 Luther Gulick(POSDCORB)
 Max Weber
o Elements Of An Ideal Bureaucracy
 Division of labour
 Unity of command
 Span of control

 Peter M. Blau
o Hierarchy of authority
o Impersonality
o System of rules
o Specialization

The Period Between 1935 And 1950 (Transitional Era)

 Elton Mayo
o Found out that increase and decrease in production depended
very much on how the people working in the plant were
manipulated and treated and provided the empirical base on
which this movement was founded.

 Mary Parker Follett (1968–1933)

o Four Fundamental Principles as the Key to the
Effectiveness of an Organization
 Coordination in the early stages.
 Coordination as the reciprocal.
 Coordination by direct contact of the responsible people.
 Coordination as a continuing process

 Kurt Lewin , George C. Homans , Chris Argyris , D. M. Mcgregor

o They stressed the importance of human relations and said that
human behaviour is a function of interaction of the individual,
group and cultural norms, and change is subject to support by
the group.

 F. J. Roethlisberger And William J. Dickson 

o Limits of human collaboration are determined far more by the
informal than the formal organization.

 Amitai Etzioni
 o In his book Modern Organizations, held a view that in
professional organizations such as hospitals, schools, colleges
and universities, the traditional line-staff authority should be
reversed. He said, ‘to the extent there is a line-staff relationship
at all, professionals should hold the major authority and
administrators the secondary staff-authority

 Rensis Likert
o In his book The Harman Organizations, advocated horizontal
control and group centered leadership. Many new terms to
indicate the new authority-concept came into vogue such as
‘group decision-making’, ‘democratic leadership’, ‘participative
democracy’, ‘situational leadership’, ‘authority based on
acceptance’ and ‘collegiality’. They all aimed at presenting an
alternative to the traditional notion of authority from top to the
bottom.

The Period 1950 Onwards (Modern Era)

 R. G. Owens
o It borrowed and adopted concepts and knowledge from various
social sciences and behavioral disciplines such as psychology,
anthropology, political science, management and social
psychology; and applied them to management and
administration.
o The study and management of organizational behavior was the
major theme of this period. The writers of this period
emphasized on organizations and on the people working in
them.

PREPARED BY:
APRIL LYN A. ESGUERRA
MAED-EM