CLEANING AND SANITIZING

UNIT OBJECTIVES:
• Describe the difference of cleaning and sanitizing.
• Describe the factors that affect cleaning efficiency.
• Identify the principles of sanitizing
• Identify the types and used of equipment and supplies used
for cleaning
UNIT TOPICS:

•Principles of Cleaning and Sanitizing

•Factors affecting cleaning efficiency
•Sanitizing Principles
•Equipment and Supplies used for cleaning
Cleaning Vs. Sanitizing

•Cleaning
• Process of removing food and other types of soil from a
surface
•Sanitizing
• Process of reducing the number of microorganisms on a
clean surface to safe levels
• Surfaces must first be cleaned and rinsed before being
sanitized
Cleaning and Sanitizing Food-Contact Surfaces

•Food-contact surfaces must be washed, rinsed, and sanitized:

• After each use
• Anytime you begin working with another type of food
• After a task has been interrupted and the items may have
been contaminated
• At 4-hour intervals if the items are in constant use
Cleaning Agents
• Cleaning agents must be:
• Safe for employee use
• Stable and noncorrosive
• When using them:
• Follow manufacturers instructions carefully
• Never combine cleaners or attempt to make up cleaning agents
• Do not substitute one type of detergent for another unless the
intended use is stated clearly on the label
Cleaning Agents: Detergents

• Detergents
• Contain surfactants (surface-acting agents)
• Allows detergent to penetrate and soften soil
• Types
• General-purpose detergents (mildly alkaline)
• Used to clean fresh soil
• Heavy duty detergents (highly alkaline)
• Used to remove aged or dried soil, wax, and
baked-on grease
Cleaning Agents: Solvent Cleaners

•Solvent Cleaners (Degreasers)

• Contain grease dissolving agents
• Effective for burned-on grease
• Oven doors, backsplashes, and range hoods
• Usually only effective at full strength
Cleaning Agents: Acid Cleaners
•Acid Cleaners:
• Used on mineral deposits and other soils alkaline cleaners
cannot remove
• Effective for removing:
• Scale in dishwashing machines and steam tables
• Rust stains and tarnish on copper and brass
• Vary in type and strength based on the cleaner’s purpose
Cleaning Agents: Abrasive Cleaners

•Abrasive Cleaners:
• Contain a scouring agent that helps scrub hard-to-remove
soil
• Effective for removing:
• Baked-on food in pots and pans
• Soil on floors
• Should be used with caution since they can scratch surfaces
Sanitizing Methods
• Surfaces can be sanitized using:

Heat Chemicals
◼ The water must be at ◼ Chlorine
least 171F°(77°C)
◼ Iodine
◼ Immerse the item for
30 seconds ◼ Quats, Quaternany
Ammonium
Chemical Sanitizing

• Food-contact surfaces can be sanitized by:

• Immersing them in a specific concentration of sanitizing solution for
a specific amount of time
OR
• Rinsing, swabbing or spraying them with a specific concentration of
sanitizing solution
Factors Influencing Sanitizer Effectiveness
• Concentration
• Concentration must be checked frequently with a test kit
• Low Concentrations:
May fail to sanitize objects
• High Concentrations:
May be unsafe, leave an odor
or bad taste, corrode metals
• Change the solution when it is dirty or when the concentration has
dropped below the required level
Factors Influencing Sanitizer Effectiveness
•Temperature
• Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations
for the proper temperature
•Contact Time
• The sanitizer must make contact with the
object for a specific amount of time
• Minimum times differ for each sanitizer
Machine Dishwashing Temperatures

• High-Temperature Machines
• Temperature of the final sanitizing rinse must be at least 180°F
(82°C)
• For stationary rack, single-temperature machines 165°F (74°C)
• Chemical-Sanitizing Machines
• Follow the temperature guidelines provided by the manufacturer
Three-Compartment Sinks
• Steps for Cleaning and Sanitizing

1 5
Rinse, scrape Air-Dry
or soak

2 3 4
Wash Rinse Sanitize
110°F (43°C)
or higher
Tools For Cleaning
• To prevent contamination:
• Clean all tools before putting them away
• Assign tools for specific tasks
• Designate one set of tools for cleaning and
another for sanitizing
• Use a separate set of cleaning tools for the
restroom
Storing Utensils, Tableware, and Equipment

• When storing clean and sanitized tableware and equipment:

• Store it at least 6” (15cm) off the floor
• Clean and sanitize drawers and shelves before items are stored
• Clean and sanitize trays and carts used to carry them
• Store glasses and cups upside down
• Store flatware and utensils with handles up
• Cover equipment food-contact surfaces until ready for use
Cleaning Tools and Supplies
• Cleaning tools and chemicals
• Should be placed in a storage area away from food and food-
preparation areas
• The storage area should provide:
• A utility sink for filling buckets and washing cleaning tools
• A floor drain for dumping dirty water
• Hooks for hanging mops, brooms, and brushes to allow them to air-
dry
Storage Area
Using Hazardous Materials
• Chemicals
• Only purchase those approved for
use in a restaurant or foodservice establishment
• Store them in their original container away from
food and food-preparation areas
• When transferring them to a new container label it
with:
• The chemical’s name
• The manufacturer’s name and address
• A description of potential hazards
• Keep MSDS for each chemical