Country Report Ee Indonesia

Copyright @ United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and
Building and Construction Authority (BCA), Singapore

June 2011
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to thank the following for their support, contributions and inputs in the
development of the Regional Status Report and this Country Report:
Ms Liana BRATASIDA
Assistant Minister
Global Environment Affairs and International Cooperation
Ministry of Environment
COUNTRY REPORT ON SUSTAINABLE BUILDING
POLICIES ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN INDONESIA
OVERVIEW
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1. Indonesia Overview
1.1.1. Building Stock
1.1.2. Geography
1.1.3. Population
1.1.4. Economy
1.1.5. Climate
1.2. Resources
1.2.1. Energy
1.2.2. Water
1.2.3. Material
1.2.4. Indoor / Outdoor Environmental Quality
CHAPTER 2 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

2.1. National Plans
2.1.1. National Energy Conservation Master Plan
2.1.2. The National Energy Management Blueprint
2.1.3. The National Energy Policy
2.1.4. Energy Conservation Policy
2.1.5. Green Energy Policy
2.2. National Organisations
2.2.1. Ministry of Environment
2.2.2. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR)
2.2.3. Ministry of Public Works
2.2.4. Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization (DGEEU)
2.2.5. Directorate of New Renewable Energy and Energy conservation
2.2.6. Sub-Directorate of Energy Conservation
2.2.7. Directorate General of Electricity
2.2.8. Energy Efficiency and Conservation Clearing House Indonesia (EECCHI)
2.2.9. Ministry of Energy & Mining
2.2.10. National Energy Council
2.2.11. National Electric Company Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN)
2.2.12. Green Building Council Indonesia (GBC Indonesia)
2.2.13. GTZ – Policy Advice for Environment and Climate Change (PAKLIM)
2.2.14. Clinton Climate Initiative Indonesia
2.2.15. Indonesian Hotel Engineers Association
2.2.16. Indonesian Building Engineer Association
CHAPTER 3 POLICY INSTRUMENTS IN INDONESIA

3.1. Overview of Policy Instruments
3.2. Policies and Initiatives
3.2.1. Category 1 Voluntary Instruments: 13 initiatives
3.2.2. Category 2 Fiscal Instruments: 3 initiatives
3.2.3. Category 3 Regulatory Instruments: 20 initiatives
3.2.4. Category 4 Market-Based Instruments: Nil
3.3. Building Rating System
3.3.1 GREENSHIP / GBCI
COUNTRY REPORT ON SUSTAINABLE BUILDING POLICIES ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN INDONESIA 2010/2011 Page 4
CHAPTER 4 BEST PRACTICE
4.1. Buildings
4.1.1. Wisma Dharmala (Intiland Tower)
4.4.2. Indonesia‘s Ecohome, ATMI IDC
4.4.3. Ministry of Public Works, Republic of Indonesia (Kementerian Perkerjaan Umum,
Republik Indonesia)
4.1.4. The Austrian Embassy in Jakarta
4.1.5. Grand Indonesia Office Tower-Jakarta
4.1.6. Natura Resort and Spa
4.1.7. Plaza BII
4.1.8. Grha Wonokoyo
4.1.9. Novotel Lombok Hotel
4.1.10. Ubud Hanging Gardens Hotel
4.2. Technologies/Products
4.2.1. AC Unit Equipped with Heat Pipe for Tropical Climate
4.2.2. Water Jet Nozzle for Air-conditioning Unit
4.2.3. Using Shell and Core Building Concept, Airfoil Roof and Pitch-roof Construction,
Jet Nozzles and Active Heat Pipe AC
4.2.4. Chilled Water System AC Unit Equipped with Passive Heat Pipe, Variable Speed
Pump and Fan, PT.Metropolitan Bayu Industri of Indonesia
4.2.5. Active Heat pipe Installed in Air-conditioning Unit
APPENDIX 1 WEBSITE LINKS OF THE KEY NATIONAL PLANS AND ORGANISATIONS IN

INDONESIA
APPENDIX 2 WEBSITE LINKS OF THE KEY SUSTAINABLE BUILDING POLICIES AND

INITIATIVES UNDER THE FOUR CATEGORIES IN INDONESIA
OVERVIEW
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in partnership with the Building
and Construction Authority (BCA) of Singapore is preparing a regional status report
within the framework of the global status reporting on sustainable buildings, launched by
the United Nations Environment Programme - Sustainable Buildings and Climate
Initiative (UNEP-SBCI). The regional status reporting will collate the current status and
trends from sustainable buildings initiatives in the region, with the aim of publishing the
Regional Status Report on Sustainable Building Policies in South-East Asia.
The Regional Status Report on Sustainable Building Policies in South-East Asia will
provide an overview of the policies and initiatives put in place in various South-East
Asian countries on promoting the development of sustainable buildings, with a first focus
on Energy Efficiency related initiatives. The report is being conducted by BCA‘s Centre
for Sustainable Buildings and Construction (CSBC).
Countries participating in the Regional Status Report on Sustainable Building Policies in

South-East Asia are: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar,
The Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.
The Country Report on Sustainable Building Policies on Energy Efficiency in Brunei

Darussalam is part of the series of Country Reports linked to the Regional Status
Report on Sustainable Building Policies in South-East Asia.
The Country Report on Sustainable Building Policies on Energy Efficiency, collated as of

June 2011, aims to profile country‘s sustainable building policies and initiatives
according to the four category classification of policy instruments developed by UNEP-
SBCI, stated in the publication of the ―Assessment of Policy Instruments for Reducing
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Buildings, 2007‖. These four types of policy
instruments cover the whole range from voluntary to regulatory.
The four policy instruments categories are:

• Category 1: Voluntary Instruments
• Category 2: Fiscal Instruments
• Category 3: Regulatory Instruments
• Category 4: Market-based Instruments
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1. Indonesia Overview
This section provides an overview of building stock, geography, population, economy

and climate of Indonesia.
1.1.1. Building stock
References from Biro Statistic Center (BPS) on construction value in Indonesia from
2004-2009:
 Construction value that have been finished according province, 2004 – 2009
(000 rupiah):
http://www.bps.go.id/tab_sub/view.php?tabel=1&daftar=1&id_subyek=04&notab=1
 Construction value that have been finished according Title of Work, 2004 – 2009
(000 rupiah):
 Number of Construction Company according Province, 2004 – 2009:

1.1.2. Geography
Indonesia is located at the Southeastern Asia, it is the largest archipelago in the world
extending 5,120 Kilometers (east to west), and 1,760 Kilometers (north to south). It
consists of five major islands and about 30 smaller groups. The figure for the total
number of islands is 17,508 according to the Indonesian Naval Hydro-Oceanographic
office. The archipelago is on a crossroads between two oceans, the Pacific and the
Indian Ocean, and bridges two continents, Asia and Australia. The geographic
coordinates is 5 00 S, 120 00 E. This strategic position has always influenced the
cultural, social, political and economic life of the country.
The Indonesian sea area is four times greater than its land area, which is about
1,904,569 sq. km. Out of the total area; it has a land area of 1,811,569 km2 and water
area of 93,000 km2. The five main islands are: Sumatra, which is about 473,606 sq. km.
in size; the most fertile and densely populated islands, Java/Madura, 132,107 sq. km;
Kalimantan, which comprises two-thirds of the island of Borneo and measures 539,460
sq. km; Sulawesi, 189,216 sq. km; and Irian Jaya, 421,981 sq. km, which is part of the
world's second largest island, New Guinea. Indonesia's other islands are smaller in size.
The islands of Indonesia were formed in the Miocene age (12 million years BC);
Palaeocene age (70 million years BC); Eocene age (30 million years BC); Oligacene age
(25 million years BC). As people from Asia started to migrate, it is believed that
Indonesia existed since the Pleistocene age (4 million years BC). The islands have a
great effect on the change of the Australian and Pacific tectonic plate. The Australian
plate changes slowly with an upward movement into the small plates of the Pacific plate
that moves southward. Between these lines, the islands of Indonesia are stretched out.
This makes Indonesia as one of the most changing geological area in the world. There
are 400 volcanic mountains – which 100 of them are active- that dot the islands of
Indonesia. Every day Indonesia experiences three vibrations, at least one earthquake a
day and one volcanic eruption in a year.
For more info:

http://www.asianinfo.org/asianinfo/indonesia/pro-geography.htm
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/id.html
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2748.htm
http://indonesia.go.id/en/indonesia-glance/geography-indonesia.html
http://www.deplu.go.id/Pages/TipsOrIndonesiaGlanceDisplay.aspx?IDP=1&l=en
Source: http://www.geographicguide.com/pictures/maps/indonesia-map.jpg
1.1.3. Population
As of July 2009, the total population in Indonesia is 240.3 million. Estimated in 2009, the
Annual population growth rate is 1.136%. There are five ethnic groups in Indonesia, the
Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese, Minangkabau and others. Based on 2000 census, the
population distribution of the Javanese is 40.6%, Sundanese 15%, Madurese 3.3%,
Minangkabau 2.7% and others of 38.4%.
The population of Indonesia can be divided into two major groups: in the western region
most of the people are from the Malay ethnicity while in the eastern region there are the
Papuans originating from the Melanesian Islands. Indonesia also recognizes specific
ethnic groups that come from a certain province/area and have specific language for
example the Javanese from Central or East Java, the Sundanese from West Java or the
Batak ethnicity from North Sumatra.
In addition, there are also minority ethnicities derived from Chinese, Indian and Arabic
descendents. These people travelled as merchants through trade exchange since the
8th century BC and migrated to Indonesia. Approximately 3% of the population is from
Chinese ethnicity, although the exact percentage is not known as the last ethnicity
census was held in the 1930s.
Islam is the major religion of 85.2% of the population, designating Indonesia as the
largest Moslem country in the world. The remaining population consists of Protestants
(8.9%); Catholics (3%); Hindus (1.8%); Buddhists (0.8%) and other religion (0.3%).
Many Indonesians speak their ethnic language as their mother tongue. However, the
Indonesian language is the official language and it is taught at all schools and most
Indonesians are proficient in using the language for communication.
For more info:

http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/PROJECTS/0,,contentMDK:22879554~menuPK:6
4282137~pagePK:41367~piPK:279616~theSitePK:40941,00.html
1.1.4. Economy
Indonesia has achieved remarkable economic development success over decade and
until the first half of 1990s was among the best performing East Asian economies,
having growth rate of 7.1% between 1985 and 1995.
In the face of financial crisis in the mid of 1997, the Indonesian economic growth moved
very low, even reached minus 13.13 % in 1998. Purchasing power parity of Indonesian
people set back by ten years and its per capita income decreased to US$ 467 in 1998,
while a condition before crisis (1996) stood at US$ 1,141. A huge depreciation Rupiah
against US dollar furthermore has also brought some difficulties to Indonesian economy,
such as the increasing of burden of debt payment in foreign currency and the interest
rate as well as the escalation of cost of production due to the higher prices of imported
goods for production process.
In order to overcome the economy problems, the Indonesian government has taken the
economic recovery program which has brought some positive result and development.
Several years after its program, Indonesian economic indicators demonstrated a positive
result as reflected in economic growth (GDP) which was rose 4.7% annually during 2001
– 2005 and GDP per capita increased 17% annually during the same period or
increased from US$ 675 in 2001 to 1,267 in 2005.
For Indonesia, GDP growth has steadily risen this decade, achieving real growth of 6.3%
in 2007 and 6.1% growth in 2008. Although growth slowed to 4.5% in 2009 given
reduced global demand, Indonesia was the third-fastest growing G-20 member, trailing
only China and India. Growth has rebounded in 2010, with the consensus forecast for
growth of 6.0%. Poverty and unemployment have also declined despite the global
financial crisis, with the poverty rate falling to 13.3% (March 2010) from 14.2% a year
earlier and the unemployment rate falling to 7.4% (February 2010) from 7.87% (August
2009).
For more info:
1.1.5. Climate
Indonesia has a tropical climate with only two the seasons throughout the year, ―dry‖ and
―rainy‖ season. The East Monsoon which happens from June to September brings dry
weather. While the West Monsoon which happens from December to March is moisture
laden and brings rain. The transitional period between these two seasons is interspersed
by the occasional heavy rain shower.
Temperatures range from 21C (70 degrees Fahrenheit) to 33C (190 degrees
Fahrenheit). In parts of the country with higher altitudes, the temperatures are generally
cooler. Heaviest rainfalls usually occur in December and January. Humidity level is
normally between 75% and 100%
For more info:

http://www.deplu.go.id/Pages/TipsOrIndonesiaGlanceDisplay.aspx?IDP=2&IDP2=4&Na
me=Topic&l=en
1.2. Resources
This section provides an overview of resources in Indonesia in the following categories:

energy, water, material, indoor / outdoor environmental quality.
1.2.1. Energy
Energy resource is mainly using coal and petroleum (fossil fuel) for energy consumption
on building. Based on report from National Electric Company (PLN):
http://www.pln.co.id/pro00/tentang-pln/bidang-usaha.html
There are several sources of energy that being used:

1. Steam power plant (PLTU) based on coal, natural gas or petroleum
2. Water power plant (PLTA) based on water movement to move the turbine
3. Gas power plant (PLTG) based on natural gas and petroleum
4. Geo thermal power plant (PLTP) based on geo thermal
National Electric Company (PLN) also bought electricity from private power plant.
For link and data on Power plant from Private sector, this is a list from Ministry of Energy
and mineral Resource Indonesia (ESDM):
www.esdm.go.id/listrik/doc.../494-daftar-pembangkit-listrik-swasta.html
Energy consumption growth rate in the period of 1995-2000 at an average of 7% per

year, compared with a world energy use on average 1.2% per year and the APEC
countries by 2.6% per year.
Challenge for Indonesia is how to decrease usage of fossil fuel and started a shift to
renewable and alternative energy for reducing glass house emission. For alternative
energy, this has been developed by BPPT such as:
Biodiesel and Bio energy from Jarak Oil :http://b2te.bppt.go.id/jarak.html
Pic. 1.1 Extraction Machine - source BPPT website
Pic. 2.2 Jarak Fruit – source BPPT website
Bio gas made from organic waste : http://b2te.bppt.go.id/biogas.html
Pic 2.1 A unit of Bio Gas – Source website BPPT
Although energy demand in the commercial and building sector is only 4% of total
national energy demand, energy efficiency in this sector remains a priority. The types of
commercial buildings that use large amounts of energy include office buildings, shopping
centers, hotels and hospitals. Generally, energy used by commercial buildings is for air
conditioning and lighting. Improvements in energy efficiency in buildings promise
benefits from energy savings. Potential savings that could be achieved depend on the
amount of the investment made.
Measures to increase energy efficiency in the commercial and building sector can be
divided into:
Existing Building
For existing buildings, increasing energy efficiency can be achieved through improved
building performance. To know the specific measures, an energy audit needs to be
done which may include identification and analysis of overall energy efficiency issues in
the building such as building operational system or HVAC (Heating, Ventilating, and Air
Conditioning), level of comfort and building maintenance. The steps that are usually
applied are retrofitting, upgrade in technology and equipment, and the practice of
energy-efficient behaviors for building occupants.
New Building
If energy efficiency is considered since the initial phase of designing new buildings, then
new buildings should have more opportunities to save energy compared to existing
buildings. Indonesian National Standards relating to energy conservation in buildings
(lighting systems, air conditioning systems and building envelopes) must be applied
when designing the building.
Buildings with airtight envelopes (outer walls, windows, roof and floor) are more energy
efficient. Similarly, a good building insulation can also help reduce heat conduction
through the outer walls. Improving the efficiency of building envelopes is a low-cost
process but promises high profits through energy savings.
For more info:

http://energyefficiencyindonesia.info/energy-conservation-and-efficie/energy-efficiency-
in-buildings
1.2.2. Water
The amount of water in Indonesia fluctuates by season and is distributed differently

among the regions. In general, most Indonesian regions have an annual rainfall of about
2 000 - 3 500 mm (60 percent), Indonesia has a total territory of 1.9 million km 2 and has
an average annual rainfall of 2 700 mm. Of this, only an average of 278 mm (10 percent)
infiltrates and percolates as groundwater. The remaining (larger) portion flows as runoff
or surface water (1 832 mm). If this water - groundwater and surface water - can be
managed properly, it would be readily available with a total amount of about 2 100 mm
annually or equal to the discharge of irrigation water of about 127 775 m3/sec.
Total water storage capacity in terms of area in Indonesia is about 13.75 million ha -
consisting of lake storage (1.777 million ha or 13 percent), dam and reservoir storage
(50 000 ha or 0.4 percent), rivers (2.895 million ha or 21 percent) and inland
swamp/polder (9 million ha or 65 percent).
Usage of clean water on buildings is especially to accommodate consumption activity.

This usage includes tap water for cooking and sanitation purpose. Source of this water is
from ground water.
For more info:

http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/ac623e/ac623e0g.htm
http://www.pu.go.id/satminkal/dit_sda/data/RENCANA%20STRATEGIS1.asp
1.2.3. Material
There are a number of types of cement produced in Indonesia. The main type is OPC
(Ordinary Portland cement) or Portland Cement Type I which accounts for 80% of the
country's total production. Another main type is composite cement. Other types are
produced in small quantity.
The improvement in the country's economic condition in 2010 has boosted development
of the country's cement industry. Work in a number of infrastructure and property
projects, shelved earlier, has been resumed. The residential building projects have been
the largest consumer of cement in the country. Many people build and renovate houses
with the improvement in the people's welfare.
In 2009, cement industry suffered a setback. Demand for cement was weak amid the
global slump followed the crisis late 2008. It was shown in the cement production that
shrank 3.6% to 36.9 million tons in 2009 from 38.3 million tons in the previous year
despite an increase in production capacity. The country's cement production
capacity was 47.9 million tons per year in 2009, up 9% from 44 million tons in 2008. The
cement industry, therefore, had large idle capacity in 2009.
Based on estimation until 2010 , Building in Indonesia, 85% material come from Local
Manufacture and Industries, and the rest of 15% mostly using imported-materials
concerning to upper class strata who using just for aesthetical aspect in private building
and their technologies.
In 2011, strong growth in demand for building materials, inflationary pressures and high
energy costs will generate upward price pressure. Favorable economic conditions in
Indonesia will also continue to drive growth for building materials.
For more info:

http://www.datacon.co.id/Cement-2010Industry.html
www.allbusiness.com/science-technology/earth.../15286934-1.html
Key Trends going into 2011

Strong growth in demand for building materials will generate upward price pressure.
Favourable economic conditions in Indonesia, will continue to drive growth for building
materials. Inflationary pressures and high energy costs will make further upward price
movements likely, in Indonesia particular. Short-Term Adversity, Adverse weather and
heavy flood in South and South East Asia between July 2010 and September 2010,
while a seasonal occurrence, has had a greater than normal impact on demand for
building materials given its effect on the region's construction sector. This extreme
weather has impacted construction projects across the region, including Indonesia. As a
result some continued downward pressure on cement and steel (about half of which is
consumed by the construction sector) prices is likely over the near term.
Based our estimation until 2010 , Building in Indonesia, 85% material come from Local
Manufacture and Industries, and the rest of 15% mostly using imported-materials
concerning to upper class strata who using just for aesthetical aspect in private building
and their technologies.
1.2.4. Indoor / Outdoor Environmental Quality
Air pollution is a problem in big cities, including Jakarta province, the capital of the
Republic of Indonesia. The pollution is due to increased human activities, population
growth, the increasing number of industries, and transportation. Monitoring of ambient
air quality parameters, such as total suspended particles (TSP), sulfur dioxide, nitrogen
oxide, carbon monitrogen oxideide, hydrocarbons, and lead, in Jakarta indicates that the
condition is concerning.
Transportation is the main source of ambient air pollution in Jakarta, which has 10
million people. It is larger than any other municipality in Indonesia with 15,000 people
per square kilometer. According to the Statistic Central Agency, the number of vehicles
in Jakarta in 2003 was 3.4 million motorcycles, 1.99 million passenger cars, 467,000
trucks, and 392,000 buses. Meanwhile, oil fuel consumption increased. In 2003, oil fuel
use was 68 percent of total energy consumption. In 2004–2005, the demand for gasoline
in Jakarta rose, resulting in increased air pollution. Ambient air pollution has a significant
impact on the health and economic sectors. Health care costs increase by US$3.8
million per year. On average, people have only 18 "good air" days in a year. In 2004,
46 percent of all illness cases in Jakarta were respiratory related.
Source: http://www.esri.com/news/arcnews/fall07articles/addressing-ambient-air.html.
Based on 2010 Environmental Performance Index, Indonesia got a score of 44,6 in Asia
Pasific Regions , Rank of 22nd which had be able tracking in the area of environmental
data and monitoring.
2005 - Measures effects of air pollution as well as level air pollution, coal consumption
percapita, Anthropogenic NO2, SO2, and VOC emission per populated land area and
vehicle in use.
2006 - Measures air quality : percent of household using solid fuels, urban solid fuels,
urban particulatesand regional ground level ozone concentration 2007 - Measures
atmospheric conditions pertaining to both human and ecological health.
Indoor air pollution, and urban particulates, Ecosystems – Regional ozone, sulfur
dioxide, Nitrogen oxides, and NMVOC emissions (as proxy for its ecosystem impacts
when deposited) plus estimates environmental burden of disease directly using reports
from WHO, urban particulate concentration, indoor air pollution, access to drinking
water, and access to sanitation
For more info: http://epi.yale.edu/Countries/Indonesia
For Indoor air quality, Indonesia had focused on regulation regarding hospital and
healthcare facility. The regulation is Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
no 1204/MENKES/SK/X/2004 on Persyaratan Kesehatan Lingkungan Rumah Sakit
(Health Requirement for Hospital Neighborhood).
For data submission is from each hospital (individual) and used for their evaluation due
to Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI) inspection. There were no data or regulation for
Indoor environment on common buildings.
For outdoor environment there are rules regulate this matter based on Report of Ministry
of Health http://www.depkes.go.id/downloads/Udara.pdf and from Ministry of Natural
Environment http://www.proxsis.com/perundangan/LH/doc/uu/E00-1999-00041.pdf
Most of this regulation is to control outdoor environment from Industry Area.
CHAPTER 2 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK
2.1. National Plans
This section provides the key national plans on climate change, sustainable
development and sustainable buildings and construction in Indonesia.
The National Energy Conservation Master Plan (2005) by Rencana Induk Konservasi
Energi Nasional (RIKEN) states that Indonesia‘s goal is to decrease energy intensity by
around 1% per year on average until 2025.
The National Energy Conservation Master Plan is a guideline for central and regional
government to participate in energy conservation activities:
 To appoint energy manager for certain energy consumer.
 To plan and implement energy conservation program.
 To conduct energy audit periodically.
 To report the implementation of energy conservation program periodically.
 To reduce energy intensity of 1% per year.
The future tasks are:

 To make energy audit as mandatory for plants and buildings that use energy
intensively.
 To introduce energy management system.
2.1.2. National Energy Management Blueprint
The National Energy Management Blueprint - PEN (2006)14 explains that the goal of
RIKEN is to realise Indonesia‘s energy saving potential through energy efficiency and
conservation (EE&C) measures, and thus avoid wasteful energy use in Indonesia.
Energy use is projected to increase rapidly under a base case to 41% of total primary
energy supply (TPES) in 2025, without RIKEN.
Draft Blueprint for National Energy Management 2005-2025:

The Plan emphasizes on the utilization of energy in efficient, equitable and sustainable
way and widens public accessibility for energy sufficiency with reasonable price. The
Plan targeted that RE contribute 4% of the country‘s electricity demand by 2025. As a
criticism of the Plan, the Indonesian Forum for Environment (WALHI) promoted the
Jakarta seminar whose conclusions were pushing for the Blueprint to be redrafted with
the aim of achieving around 20% of RE by 2025.
2.1.3. National Energy Policy
The National Energy Policy (2006)15 states that Indonesia‘s goal is to achieve energy
elasticity of less than 1 in 2025. In its national energy policy for the years 2005-2020, the
Indonesian government further aims to increase energy efficient, promote renewable
energy, implement Demand Side Management and use cleaner fuels.
Note: energy elasticity is defined, in this case, as the rate of change of total primary
energy supply, over the rate of change of GDP. Presidential Decree No 5/2006.
Energy conservation is integrated into the national energy policy, which establishes the
objectives and priorities of energy development in Indonesia in the medium- and long-
terms. The national energy policy is enforced by the Presidential Decree No 5 of 2006.
The energy conservation policy is aimed to reduce national energy consumption rate
without lessening national development growth. The success of the energy measure will
also help to reduce the Indonesian dependency on oil. To enforce the implementation of
energy conservation policy, the Government of Indonesia (GOI) is also enacted
Presidential Instruction No 10 of 2005 which defines the means and institutional set-up,
identifying the responsibilities of state bodies and their coordination with users and other
organizations.
The GOI, through the Energy and Mineral Resources Minister Decree No 31 of 2005,
also provided a guideline for achieving the energy saving potential. Above all, the GOI
established the National Blueprint on Energy Conservation to outline the national energy
conservation measures and the subsequent programs as well as activities, under the
Energy and Mineral Resources Minister Decree No. 100.K/48/M.PE/1995.
The Green Energy Policy includes the roadmap and guidelines for the development of
renewable energy technologies for Indonesia, including the need for the related
regulatory instruments:
 Implementing the maximum utilization of renewable energy
 Efficient utilisation of energy
 Public awareness in energy efficiency
2.2. National Organisations
This section provides the key national organisations on climate change, sustainable
development and sustainable buildings and construction in Indonesia.
The Office of State Minister of Environment (Men-LH) was established in 1993 with Ir.
Sarwono Kusumaatmadja as the minister to be more focus on environmental
management. State Ministry of Environment brings together various sectors, region and
partners to create synergy and commit to strengthen local environmental institutions and
capacity of environmental institutions in the region, and the development of various
strategic programs such as: earth sustainability, clean river, clean city, blue sky and
others.
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) is one of the major government
owned organization of Indonesia, which deals with the geological studies and
researches of the country.
Geological Agency (GLA) is under the direct control of the MEMR and in charge of the
following activities:-
 Geological investigation and research work

 Conducting geological exploration
 Discovering the mineral resource reserve of the country
 Acting as an advising body to the government and other inrested parties
 Collecting geological data and maintaining the database by regularly updating it
 Advising the mining sector
 Predict and study the geological hazard common in the south-east Asian
countries like Indonesia
Ministry of public works, formerly called the ‗Ministry of Settlements and Regional
Development‘ (1999-2000), is a department in charge of the Government of Indonesia
public works matters.
The Ministry of Public Works is responsible for spatial planning and oversees the
implementation of law 26/2007. This law stipulates explicitly the authority of provincial
governments and of district governments in spatial planning.
The DGEEU that exists within the structure of the Department of Energy and Mineral
Resources (DEMR) is responsible for planning and regulating the electricity sector.
However, the DGEEU also plays roles as an executive and regulator and this there is no
distinct planning body in the electricity sector. Legislative capacity of the power sector
falls to Commission VII of the Indonesian Legislative assembly 2004-2009. Legislative
capacity in the power sector is supported by ample human and financial resources with
well defined rights. However, all these capacities are not supported by routine meetings.
2.2.5. Directorate General of New Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation
Original known as Directorate of New Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation, it

was renamed to Directorate General of New Renewable Energy and Energy
conservation in August 2010.
In the move to accelerate development of new and renewable energy (EBT), the
government has set up Director General for Renewable Energy and Energy
Conservation, a new unit of the Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry (ESDM). The
new directorate general unit‘s duties will be mainly on formulating as well as
implementing policies and technical aspects of the new and renewable energy as well as
energy conservation.
The Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilisation (DGEEU) is responsible for
the energy and electricity sectors. Its remit covers both policy formulation and regulation
of such issues as indus-try structure, tariffs, service quality, safety etc. There are five
directorates within DGEEU. The areas covered by this component fall under one of
them; namely the Directorate of New Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation
(DEBTKE) which has five sub directorates, three of them working with in areas relevant
to energy efficiency.
2.2.7. Directorate General of Electricity
The Directorate General of Electricity is under and responsible to the Minister of Energy
and Mineral Resources. It has the task to formulate and implement policies and technical
standardization in the field of Electricity.
In carrying out the task as intended, the Directorate General of Electricity has the
functions:
 Policy formulation in the electricity sector;

 Implementation of policies in the electricity sector;
 Preparation of norms, standards, procedures, and criteria in the electricity sector;
 Providing technical guidance and evaluation in the electricity sector;
 Implementation of the administration of the Directorate General of Electricity.
2.2.8. Energy Efficiency and Conservation Clearing House Indonesia (EECCHI)
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Clearing House Indonesia (EECCHI) is a service

facility under the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of Indonesia, which aims to
promote and enhance energy conservation and energy efficiency in Indonesia.
EECCHI systematically collects and processes information about energy efficiency and
conservation in Indonesia. EECCHI also provides information services in the field of
energy efficiency and conservation in the household, industrial, commercial and
transportation sector. EECCHI plays an active role in raising public awareness to
implement energy conservation and energy efficiency through various outreach
programs, training, workshops, conferences and seminars.
New Ministry of Mines and Energy regulations establish procedures for provinces to
issue mining permits for investment, exploration and production in areas lying within two
or more districts and up to 12 miles offshore from their coasts. Initially, some regions
may find it difficult to meet previous standards in issuing permits and inspecting
environmental performance. If some regions are unable to control the environmental
degradation associated with illegal mining, this could undermine public support for the
operations of legitimate miners.
The government has issued Presidential Regulation No. 26 of 2008 to facilitate the
implementation of Articles 12 and 13 of Law No. 30 of 2007 on Energy as these Articles
relate to the establishment of the National Energy Council.
The National Energy Council is a national, independent, and permanent body whose
main responsibilities relate to the formulation of a national energy policy.
This Presidential Regulation establishes the National Energy Council. The Members of
the Council will include 7 government officials and 8 stakeholders.
PLN is an Indonesian government-owned corporation which has a monopoly on

electricity distribution in Indonesia. The corporation‘s vision is to be recognised as world
class company growing flowers, superior and reliable relying on human potential.
Their missions are to:-

 Run business electricity and other related fields, oriented to customer
satisfaction, member of the company and shareholders.
 Menjadikan tenaga listrik sebagai media untuk meningkatkan kualitas kehidupan
masyarakat.Make electricity as a medium to improve the quality of community
life.
 Mengupayakan agar tenaga listrik menjadi pendorong kegiatan ekonomi. Strive
for power to drive economic activity.
 Menjalankan kegiatan usaha yang berwawasan lingkungan. Run environmentally
friendly business activities.
2.2.12. Green Building Council Indonesia (GBC Indonesia)
Green Building Council Indonesia (GBC Indonesia) focuses on climate change,

sustainable development and sustainable buildings in Indonesia.
 The city is expected to reveal a revised by law on building permits that will lay the
foundation for a new certification scheme for environmentally friendly buildings.
 The new government regulation on green building is expected to help the city
meet the carbon dioxide emission cut target for 2020.
 Through leadership collaboration the global property industry will transform
traditional building practices and fully adopt sustainability as the means by which
our environments thrive, economies prosper, and societies grow to ensure the
future health of our planet.
 Inter-government Communication Panel for become an executive forum to
continuously apply strategic plan that has been legalize in a forum to stressing
importance of involving all stakeholders on communication process between
private sector and government sector – local and nationally, also academic
forum.
2.2.13. GTZ – Policy Advice for Environment and Climate Change (PAKLIM)
PAKLIM is an Indonesian – German cooperation programme advising and supporting

the national government, local governments and industries with climate change
mitigation and adaptation initiatives. As one of the world‘s largest emitters of greenhouse
gases, Indonesia needs to put well planned and coordinated strategies into practice in
order to face current and future climate challenges. Given the broad range of
stakeholders, three PAKLIM components focus on different but interdependent levels:
 National Policy Advice
 Climate Change in Cities and Urban Areas
 Energy Efficiency in Indonesia and Industrial Estates
2.2.14. Clinton Climate Initiative Indonesia
The Prime Minister of Australia and the President of Indonesia announced the Indonesia
- Australia Forest Carbon Partnership on 13 June 2008. The Partnership builds on and
formalises existing long-term practical cooperation between Indonesia and Australia on
REDD+. It incorporates $30 million for the Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership,
$30 million for the Sumatra Forest Carbon Partnership and a $10 million bilateral
package of support for Indonesia on forests and climate.
The Partnership is operating in three key areas: strategic policy dialogue on climate
change; supporting the development of Indonesia‘s National Carbon Accounting System;
and implementing incentive-based REDD+ demonstration activities.
ASATHI / IHEA (Association of Engineers Hotel All Indonesia / Indonesian Hotel

Engineers Association) was founded on December 7, 1997, with the aim to unite skilled
draftsman, and develop expertise in general for improving the quality and skills of the
engineers in the sector of the hospitality industry including hotels, the center malls,
commercial buildings, apartments and hospitals across Indonesia.
IHEA has a vision to jointly develop technical skills and dedication of members working
in Hospilatlity Industrial and Building Services Engineering sector.
BEA (Building Engineers Association), a non-profit professional organization formed to

facilitate the infrastructure needs required by various parties (including government,
private, business people and technical actors) building on various technical and
regulatory information relating to the safe, comfortable, efficient and environmentally
friendly operation of buildings. Besides it is also a means of communication between
technical buildings fellow actors in sharing information and solving problems in each
building member.
Please refer to Appendix 1 for the Website Links of Key National Plans and
Organisations in Indonesia
CHAPTER 3 POLICY INSTRUMENTS IN INDONESIA
3.1. Overview of Policy Instruments
Indonesia has a package of policy measures spread out over the four categories:
 Category 1: Voluntary Instruments: 13 initiatives
 Category 2: Fiscal Instruments: 3 initiatives
 Category 3: Regulatory Instruments: 20 initiatives
 Category 4: Market-based Instruments: Nil
KEY SUSTAINABLE BUILDING POLICIES AND INITIATIVES

ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN INDONESIA 2010/2011
CATEGORY 1 CATEGORY 2 CATEGORY 3 CATEGORY 4
VOLUNTARY FISCAL REGULATORY MARKET-BASED
INSTRUMENTS INSTRUMENTS INSTRUMENTS INSTRUMENTS
Product and building 4 initiatives 1 initiative 14 initiatives Total

standards 19
Public initiatives 1 initiative 2 initiatives 2 initiatives Total

5
Private and private- 2 initiatives 4 initiatives Total

public initiatives 6
Educational and 6 initiatives Total

awareness raising 6
initiatives
Total 13 Total 3 Total 20 Total 0 Total 36
TOTAL 36 INITIATIVES
KEY SUSTAINABLE BUILDING POLICIES AND INITIATIVES

ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN INDONESIA 2010/2011
CATEGORY 1 VOLUNTARY
13 (36.1%)
INSTRUMENTS
CATEGORY 2 FISCAL
3 (8.3%)
INSTRUMENTS
CATEGORY 3 REGULATORY
20 (55.6%)
INSTRUMENTS
CATEGORY 4 MARKET-
0
BASED INSTRUMENT
0 5 10 15 20 25
Key sustainable building policies and initiatives on energy efficiency in Indonesia in
2010/2011 are categorised in table below:
CATEGORY 1 CATEGORY 2 CATEGORY 3 CATEGORY 4

VOLUNTARY FISCAL REGULATORY MARKET-BASED
INSTRUMENTS INSTRUMENTS INSTRUMENTS INSTRUMENTS
Product and Voluntary certificates Taxation Appliance standards Market-based programs
building 3.2.1.1.GREENSHIP / GBCI 3.2.3.1.Indonesian National [concerning products and
standards Tax exemptions / reductions Standard (SNI) services]
Voluntary labels 3.2.2.1.Tax and Customs Facilities
3.2.1.2.Energy Efficiency for the Utilization of Renewable 3.2.3.2.Energy audit mobile unit /
Labelling System Energy BPPT
3.2.1.3.Barrier removal to the 3.2.3.3.Minimum energy

cost effective development and performance standards (MEPS)
implementation of energy for electrical appliances
efficiency standards and
labelling project (BRESL) 3.2.3.4.Minimum energy
performance testing standards
3.2.1.4.Regulation on Energy (EPTS) for electrical appliances
Efficiency Labelling
3.2.3.5.Energy Saving Building
Voluntary audits Standards
Billing and disclosure 3.2.3.6.Energy Building Standards

programs
Building codes
3.2.3.7.Energy Conservation
Regulation No. 70/2009
3.2.3.8.Presidential Instruction No
10/2005 on Energy Efficiency
3.2.3.9.Ministerial of Energy and

Mineral Resources Regulation No.
0031/2005 on Procedure of
Energy Efficiency Implementation
(i) (r) (c)
3.2.3.10.Presidential Regulation
No. 5/2006 on National Energy
Policy
3.2.3.11.Law No 30/2007 on
Energy
3.2.3.12.Presidential Instruction
No 2/2008 on Energy and Water
Saving 2008
3.2.3.13.Law No. 30/2009 on

Electricity
Mandatory certificates
Mandatory labels
Mandatory audits
3.2.3.14.Government Regulation
on Energy Efficiency 2009 (draft
only)
Mandatory billing and

disclosure programs
Public Public leadership programs, Incentives Mandatory public sector Kyoto flexibility
initiatives awards 3.2.2.2.Government incentives that programs mechanisms
include tax exemption and fiscal
Executive leadership incentives on imports of energy 3.2.3.15. Mandatory Energy Private leadership
programs saving equipment and appliances Conservation of Government programs, awards
(near future) Office Buildings
Awards Executive leadership
3.2.1.5.ASEAN Energy Award 3.2.2.3.Government subsidies and 3.2.3.16.State-owned Energy programs
budgetary measures are provided Service Company (ESCO)
for energy Awards
conservation programs
Grants
Funds
Capital subsidies
Private and Voluntary and negotiated Public benefit charges Procurement regulations Performance contracting
private-public agreements
initiatives 3.2.1.6.Public-Private Efficiency obligations and Cooperative procurement
Partnership Program on Energy quotas (EOs)
Conservation Efficiency certificate
3.2.3.17.Public-Private schemes
3.2.1.7.National Program - Long Partnership Program on Energy
Term Agreement Conservation
3.2.3.18.Energy Conservation
Clearinghouse
Utility demand-side
management programs
3.2.3.19.Terang Program (2002)
3.2.3.20.Peduli Program (2003)
Educational Educational programs Educational programs Educational programs Educational programs

initiatives 3.2.1.8.National Energy
Efficiency Movement (MEMR)
3.2.1.9.Energy managers Formal

training
Awareness Awareness raising programs Awareness raising programs Awareness raising programs Awareness raising
raising programs
initiatives Voluntary programs
3.2.1.10.ASEAN Cooperation :
EE & C - SSN
3.2.1.11.Clean and Lean

Transportation Initiative (CALTI)
3.2.1.12.Greenhouse Gas
Emission Reduction (GERIAP)
3.2.1.13.Indonesia Integrated
Soild Waste Management
(GALFAD)
Competitions
Conferences
Campaigns
3.2. Policies and Initiatives
3.2.1. Category 1 Voluntary Instruments: 13 Initiatives
Indonesia has voluntary certificate that is the green building rating tool, voluntary labels
on energy and water efficiency, ASEAN energy award, voluntary and negotiated
agreements on energy conservation and audits for energy consumption. The country
also has educational programs on energy conservation awareness and training,
awareness raising voluntary programs on energy efficiency, alternative vehicle fuels and
reduction of greenhouse gas emission.
3.2.1.1. GREENSHIP/ GBCI
GREENSHIP was introduced in Indonesia as a rating tool for green buildings, following
the establishment of the Green Building Council of Indonesia in 2008. Indonesia will
soon have a green building rating tool, a voluntary environmental rating system that
evaluates the environmental design and construction of buildings, amid growing concern
about urban environmental degradation. The rating tool, which is called Greenship, is in
the pipeline as a follow up to the establishment of the Green Building Council of
Indonesia (GBCI) in 2008.
The rating tool features several key elements - sustainable site, energy, water and waste
management, material resources, indoor quality, innovation, transportation and social
economy that are divided into credits. Points are awarded in each credit.
3.2.1.2. Energy Efficiency Labelling System
Indonesia‘s energy labelling program began in 1999. A dual energy rating system was
considered for electrical appliances, initially for refrigerators. The energy labelling
system design shows:
 Information about the kWh per year energy consumption of a product and its
relative position on a line from the lowest to highest case of kWh per year of
similar products in the market (Indonesia), and
 An energy consumption star rating - of four stars - that shows the product‘s
energy efficiency rank, relative to similar products in the market (Indonesia) at
the time of assessment. This energy labelling system was discontinued,
however, to be replaced by a new energy labelling system and design.
A new energy labelling system is currently being developed. The design will provide
information on :
 The absolute energy efficiency or performance of a product; and
 An energy efficiency star rating of four stars.
The star rating is to be assigned by an independent and accredited test facility that
tested the product, for example the energy label for compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)
provides information on the lumens produced per watt.
Energy Efficiency Labelling Program is aimed at directing consumers to know clearly the
energy efficiency level of electrical appliances they will use. Energy efficiency, in this
case, related to the energy performance of appliances that helps consumers in selecting
products and equipments.
Energy labelling is communicated to consumers through information dissemination
which includes the important direction of energy efficiency level struck on the label.
3.2.1.3. Barrier Removal to the cost effective development and implementation of

Energy efficiency Standards and Labelling project (BRESL)
To remove barriers in implementing Energy Standards and Labelling (ES&L), Indonesia

is currently participating in the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)- Global
Environment Facility (GEF) project. The program involves six developing economies of
Asia.
BRESL has five major programs in promoting ES&L. The programs are:
 Policy making,
 Capacity building,
 Manufacture support,
 Regional cooperation, and
 Pilot projects.
3.2.1.4. Regulation on Energy Efficiency Labelling
The standard of Energy Saving Level Label for Electrical Household Appliances, SNI 04-
6958-2003, is to identify energy saving level for electrical household appliances and its
kinds.
The standard includes: form, size, color and symbol significance of the energy saving
level label, location for the energy saving level label, criteria of the energy saving label,
energy saving level score and amount of star.
Implementations of Energy Efficiency Labelling are as follows:

 CFL – Compact Fluorosence Lamps
 Standard Reference: IEC 60969 : 1988 – Self-ballasted lamps for general lighting
service -performance requirements.
 Refrigerators
Standard Reference:SNI 04-6710-2002, SNI 04-6711-2002, SNI 04-6958-2003
 Television
Standard Reference: JIS C 6101-1, IEC 60107-1
 Aircon
Standard Reference: ISO 5151:1994, JIS C 9612
 Air Circulating Fan
Standard Reference: IEC 879 (1986)
3.2.1.5. ASEAN Energy Award
Indonesia is an active participant in the ASEAN Energy Award program, specifically the
Best Practice Competition for Energy Efficient Buildings and Best Practice Competition
for Energy Management in Buildings and Industries. Indonesia has won several awards
in these programs including National Energy Conservation Awards for building in 2007
and ASEAN Energy Award 2007 Best Practices Building Competition and Energy
Management for Buildings and Industry Competition.
3.2.1.6. Public-Private Partnership Program on Energy Conservation
This program is the government policy on energy conservation that focused on energy
efficiency improvement for energy intensive industries and buildings. The purpose of the
program is to improve energy efficiency by an average of 20% in the companies that
interested in and joined the program.
Government supports such as training, free of charge energy audit, technical assistance
and seminar/workshop. Company‘s commitments are commitment of the individual
company; agree to conduct energy audit on factory energy equipments and processes;
agree to implement the energy saving measures; and support the activity of energy
conservation forum.
3.2.1.7. National Program - Long Term Agreement
The National Program – Long Term Agreement is an agreement of industry and

commercial building to be audited for their energy consumption and to implement the
audit recommendations. Within the program, 23 companies from Industry and
Commercial Building (2003 – 2004) have participated in the programme.
3.2.1.8. National Energy Efficiency Movement (MEMR)
The National Energy Efficiency Movement (MEMR) implemented by the Ministry of

Energy and Mineral Resources promotes energy conservation awareness through
seminars and workshops, talk shows, public advertisements, brochures and leaflets; it is
directed at households, specific industries and transport.
3.2.1.9. Energy Manager Formal Training
The Centre of Education and Training on Electricity and Renewable Energy within the
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources actively organises training related to energy
efficiency and conservation activities. The centre is also responsible for training energy
managers and energy auditors.
Formal training of energy managers and the accreditation of energy managers are being
developed. Training is given to government officials responsible for mandatory energy
savings and reporting of energy use in government office buildings. Voluntary capacity
building on energy efficiency in industry and commercial buildings is being implemented.
3.2.1.10. ASEAN Cooperation: EE & C - SSN
 Promotion of Energy Efficiency and Conservation (PROMEEC)

 ASEAN Best Practice Competition for Energy Efficient Buildings (ASEAN Energy
Awards)
 ASEAN Energy Manager Accreditation Scheme (AEMAS)
3.2.1.11. Clean and Lean Transportation Initiative (CALTI)
This is a pilot program with emission testing on companies‘ vehicles, covering emission
testing on vehicles by applying bio-diesel oil as an alternative fuel (2004).
3.2.1.12. Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction (GERIAP)
The Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction (GERIAP) from industry in the Asia and
Pacific to reduce GHG emission from energy intensive industry. Six industries were
audited in 2003 (fertilizer, cement, iron and steel, pulp and paper).
3.2.1.13. Indonesia Integrated Solid Waste Management (GALFAD)
The Project involves the construction and operation of a ―GALFAD® (GAsification,

LandFill gas and Anaerobic Digestion)‖ plant at the TPA Suwung landfill site in Bali,
which will treat and recover energy from municipal solid waste.
The Project will derive energy from municipal solid waste through:
 The recovery of landfill gas extracted from the landfill
 The recovery of biogas extracted from the anaerobic digester, fed with high
moisture content organic waste;
 The pyrolysis-gasification of dry organic waste. The recovered energy will be
used to supply electricity to the local grid. In doing so, the project will contribute
to greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions in two ways. The first is through the
destruction of methane that would have been emitted from the landfill site in the
absence of the Project. The second is through the displacement of fossil fuel-
based grid electricity generation with the Project‘s carbon-neutral electricity."
3.2.2. Category 2 Fiscal Instruments: 3 Initiatives
Indonesia has fiscal instrument on tax reductions for entrepreneurs who deal with
renewable energy utilization business, and incentives for energy conservation.
Government subsidies and budgetary measures are provided for energy conservation
programs and fiscal incentives for imports of energy saving equipment and appliances,
and special low interest rates on investments in energy conservation.
3.2.2.1. Ministerial Regulation: Tax and Customs Facilities for the Utilisation of
Renewable Energy
The aims of this Ministerial Regulation are to support the deployment of renewable
energy and to secure energy supply, to attract investor and increase the renewable
energy business sector by giving the tax and customs facilities for the entrepreneurs
who deal with renewable energy utilization business.
These facilities namely:

 Income Tax facilities, such as: reduction from investment; acceleration of
depreciation; lower tax tariff for dividend; and compensation of losses
 Free of Income Tax for import machineries and equipment, not including spare
parts
 Free of Value Added Tax
 Free of Import Duty
 Tax paid by government
The implementation of these facilities will comply with applicable preceding tax and fiscal
regulations.
3.2.2.2. Government incentives that include tax exemption and fiscal incentives
on imports of energy saving equipment and appliances (near future)
In accordance with the action plan [Governmental Regulation No. 70 in year 2009], the
government is expected to introduce government incentives that include tax exemption
and fiscal incentives on imports of energy saving equipment and appliances, and special
low interest rates on investments in energy conservation in the near future.
3.2.2.3. Government subsidies and budgetary measures are provided for energy
conservation programs
Government subsidies and budgetary measures are provided for energy conservation
programs such as the partnership program on energy conservation in energy auditing,
(2)the lighting program - for eligible households in relation to demand-side management
(DSM) programs and saving energy, BRESL and other programs such as for information
dissemination.
The government seeks to gradually remove energy subsidies. However, substantial

government subsidies continue to be applied with regard to: lower octane gasoline (RON
88 octane), which is the gasoline grade most consumed in Indonesia; diesel fuel for
transport; kerosene for households, as the government is expanding the kerosene-to-
LPG conversion program in households; and subsidies to certain classes of electricity of
low capacity supply contracts in households and small businesses, this group constitute
a large share of electricity demand. Direct government subsidies on fuels could total
more than USD 6 billion, in 2010.
3.2.3. Category 3 Regulatory Instruments: 20 Initiatives
The initiatives in Indonesia under Regulatory instruments can be categorised into

appliances standards on energy saving, building codes and regulations by the
government on energy and water conservation, mandatory audits on energy
conservation and information in commercial and government buildings, utility demand-
side management programs on reducing energy consumption particularly in lamps.
Indonesia has a mandatory energy conservation to implement best practice energy

saving measures for government buildings. The government also issued a
Governmental Regulation on Energy Conservation. The Indonesian National Standard
(SNI) is the only standard nationally applicable in Indonesia, it is intended to create
uniform mechanisms and implementation for the development of the SNI and create
harmonious orderliness with the international practices.
3.2.3.1. Indonesian National Standard (SNI)
The Indonesian National Standard is the only standard nationally applicable in

Indonesia. SNI was formulated by the Technical Committee and defined by National
Standardization Agency (BSN).
The Indonesia National Standards Guideline of 2007 is intended to:

 create uniform mechanisms of the development of SNI;
 create harmonious orderliness with the international practices;
 furnish the implemental reference of the development of SNI.
This guideline is a revised PSN 01-2005, the Development of Indonesia National

Standards by referring to ISO/IEC Directive Part 1:2004, Procedure for the technical
work. Basic change in this guideline is the determination of the rules for formulating SNI
adjusted to the rules for formulating international standards (ISO and/or IEC).
3.2.3.2. Energy Audit Mobile Unit / BPPT
The Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) had developed an
energy audit mobile unit, for energy auditing and assessment of energy efficiency in
industrial energy use and energy use in commercial buildings. The Centre of Education
and Training on Electricity and Renewable Energy conducts testing of compact
fluorescent lamps.
3.2.3.3. Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) for Electrical Appliances
Indonesia has some minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) for electrical
appliances based on the Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Purpose is to specify the
general requirements for energy labelling and to improve energy efficiency and
conservation. They are applicable to appliances, lighting and equipment.
SNI is drafted and registered under the strict system and guidelines of the National
Standardization Agency (Badan Standardisasi Nasional - BSN). Additional energy
standards on electrical appliances are being developed.
3.2.3.4. Minimum Energy Performance Testing Standards (EPTS) for Electrical

Appliances
Indonesia has some technical standards on energy performance testing standards

(EPTS) for electrical appliances. Purpose is to specify the general requirements for
energy labelling and to improve energy efficiency and conservation. They are applicable
to appliances, lighting and equipment.
SNI is drafted and registered under the strict system and guidelines of the National
Standardization Agency (Badan Standardisasi Nasional—BSN). Additional energy
standards on electrical appliances are being developed.
3.2.3.5. Energy Saving Building Standards
Energy efficiency inevitably brings double impact, for example, a washing machine can
save both electricity and water. Efficiency can also frequently give higher comfort. A
house with good air circulation will bring a warm feeling in a cold season and is certainly
better for health. In other words, efficiency offers something more with something little.
In the context of climate change, efficiency brings great potentials. Whether or not we
realize, changing non energy saving old refrigerator or non fuel saving car with energy
saving one influence everything in the house, everything in the car, even all systems in
life. It means, energy saving and efficiency will bring great effects consistently.
In addition to following the government recommendation, energy saving should also

become the public attitude in their daily life.
3.2.3.6. Energy Building Standards
Government Regulation No. 36/2005 explains that under Law No. 28/2002 on Buildings
all buildings must comply with existing standards. Indonesia has four energy standards
(SNI) for buildings, the standards cover:
 The building envelope
 Air conditioning,
 Lighting, and
 Building energy auditing.
Energy building standards have yet to be mandated. However, voluntarily energy

conservation and efficiency measures in commercial buildings have been widely
implemented. Funding is from the government budget and international donor agencies.
SNI 03-6389-2000 - Energy conservation for building envelope of building structures

SNI 03-6390-2000 - Energy conservation for air conditioning systems in building
Structures
SNI 03-6196-2000 - Energy auditing procedure for building structures
SNI 03-6197-2000 - Energy conservation for lighting systems in building structures
Purpose is to improve energy efficiency performance of existing and new buildings and
structures. They are applicable to residential and commercial sectors.
The standards outline:

 Building envelope: design criteria, design procedures,
 Energy conservation air conditioning systems: technical calculation, selection,
measurement and assessment,
 Energy conservation lighting systems: lighting guidelines for optimal and efficient
operation,
 Energy audit procedure: energy audit procedures for offices, hotels, shopping
centres, hospitals, apartments and residences.
The standards also provide recommendations that take into account productivity,
comfort and cost. At this moment, the standard will be implemented in Jakarta through
Jakarta Province Government Regulation for building construction license (IMB).
3.2.3.7. Energy Conservation Regulation no. 70/2009
On 16 November 2009, the government issued Governmental Regulation (Peraturan

Pemerintah) No. 70/2009 on Energy Conservation, as called for by the Energy Law.
Regulatory measures included:
 The formulation of a National Energy Conservation Master Plan (RIKEN,
Rencana Induk Konservasi Energi Nasional), which is to be updated every five
years, or annually, as required.
 the mandatory assignment of an energy manager, energy auditing, and the
implementation of an energy conservation program for users of final energy of
6000 TOE (tonnes of oil equivalent) or more.
 The mandatory energy-efficiency standards and energy labelling.
 The implementation of government incentives, including tax exemptions and
fiscal incentives for imports of energy-saving equipment and appliances, and
special low interest rates for investments in energy conservation.
 The implementation of government disincentives, including written notices to
comply, public announcements of non-compliance, monetary fines, and
reductions in energy supply for noncompliance.
At the time of writing, the government was drafting specific rulings and regulatory
frameworks to implement Governmental Regulation No. 70/2009 regarding Energy
Conservation in Indonesia.
Government Regulation No. 70/2009 on Energy Conservation regulates the

responsibility and the role of the central government, local government, private sector
and communities on energy efficiency, standardization and labeling, and implementation
of energy efficiency i.e. implementing energy management for buildings and industries
that consume energy intensively. This regulation also mandates the development of
General Plan of Energy Conservation (RIKEN) as the guideline for the stakeholders to
implement energy efficiency and conservation in Indonesia.
This Government Regulation obliges the large energy consumer, namely with the
minimum consumption of 6000 TOE per year to implement energy management
through:
 Appointing energy manager;
 Develop energy conservation program within the company;
 Conduct regular energy audit;
 Implement the energy audit recommendation; and
 Report the result of energy management program to the authorities.
This Regulation also stipulates the obligation for producers or importer of energy
appliances to implement energy efficiency labelling.
3.2.3.8. Presidential Instruction No 10/2005 on Energy Efficiency
This Presidential Instruction No 10/2005 on Energy Efficiency is currently in force and

mandatory. The Presidential Instruction (Impres) called on Ministers, Governors, Mayors
and other government officials to use energy efficiently. The Ministerial Regulation
followed up on the Impres with details of implementation of energy efficient processes
and policies. It also included a report of the energy consumption of each institution. The
purposes of this instruction are:
 To implement the energy efficiency measures in its institutions including lighting,

air conditioning, electrical appliances and vehicles‘ office.
 To urge and communicate energy efficiency implementation to the people.
 To monitor the implementation of energy efficiency measures and report to
President through Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources.
3.2.3.9. Ministerial of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 0031/2005 on

Procedure of Energy Efficiency Implementation
To guide procedure of energy efficiency implementation in government office,

commercial building, industry, transportation, household and others.
3.2.3.10. Presidential Regulation No. 5/2006 on National Energy Policy
 Promoting utilisation of renewable source of energy: biofuels, solar energy, wind

energy, ocean wave and current energy, geothermal etc.
 Promoting energy efficiency and conservation and optimalisation on energy
production.
 Reduction of subsidy on fuel price.
 Reduction of energy elasticity.
3.2.3.11. Law No 30/2007 on Energy
Law No. 30/ 2007 on Energy is issued in 10 July 2007 with special attention on new
renewable energy development and energy conservation. This Law stipulates that the
provision and utilization of new renewable energy should be increased by government
and local government within their authorities. Provision and utilization of new renewable
energy can get incentives from government/local government for a certain period until it
reaches economical development stage.
This Law also stipulates that energy conservation is the responsibility of the people and
should be conducted from upstream to downstream. Central and local government will
provide incentive and disincentive for the energy efficiency and conservation
implementation by the energy consumer and producer of energy efficient equipments.
International cooperation will be conducted to ensure national energy security, domestic
energy supply and improving national economy.
Central and regional government, energy producers and energy consumer are
responsible for the implementation of energy conservation program. Energy
conservation is conducted from up-stream to downstream activities. Government will
provide incentive and disincentive for the energy efficiency and conservation
implementation of energy consumer and producer of energy efficient equipment.
3.2.3.12. Presidential Instruction No 2/2008 on Energy and Water Saving 2008
The Presidential Instruction No 2/2008 on Energy and Water Saving 2008 instructs the
head of central and regional governments to:
 Implement energy and water efficiency measures in their respective institutions,
which includes electrical appliances and fuel efficiency in official transportation;
and
 Establish task force in each institution to monitor energy and water efficiency
implementation.
3.2.3.13. Law No. 30/2009 on Electricity
This Law is the update of previous Law No. 18/ 1985 on Electricity, which took into
consideration the current energy situation; transformation of social condition, such as
local government autonomy; and other regulatory and directive on good governance.
The main purpose of electricity development in Indonesia is the security of electricity

supply in sufficient amount, good quality and affordable price for the people welfare
toward sustainable development.
In supporting renewable energy, this Law prioritizes the utilization of locally available
renewable energy resources for electricity generation. Procurement process to buy
electricity generated from renewable energy from private entities can be done through
direct selection or without tendering process.
3.2.3.14. Government Regulation on Energy Efficiency 2009 (draft only)
 Obligation for large energy consumer to conduct energy audit and designate
energy manager.
 Application of energy efficiency labeling for home appliances.
3.2.3.15. Mandatory Energy Conservation of Government Office Buildings
Government departments and agencies and regional governments are mandated to

implement best practice energy saving measures as explained in the government‘s
guidelines and directives on energy saving in government buildings, and are mandated
to report their monthly energy use in buildings to the National Team on Energy and
Water Efficiency every six-months. (Presidential Decree No. 2/2008 on Energy and
Water Efficiency).
3.2.3.16. State-owned Energy Service Company (ESCO)
The state-owned ESCO (established in 1986) is expected to take a leading role in

providing energy conservation related services, particularly to industry. The government
expects its ESCO to maintain forefront expertise in the field of energy efficiency and
conservation in Indonesia, and to encourage a greater role for private-sector ESCOs in
the future.
The Partnership Program on Energy Conservation is a government-funded energy audit

program that is available to industries and commercial buildings. Participating industries
and commercial buildings are required to implement the recommended energy saving
measures identified in the energy audit.
3.2.3.18. Energy Conservation Clearinghouse
It was created for the purpose of data and information exchange on energy efficiency
and conservation, particularly for the industry sector and commercial buildings.
3.2.3.19. Terang Program (2002)
This program aimed at reducing electricity consumption by encouraging the installment

of energy saving 8 Watt compact fluorescent lamps (CFL) in household (<900 VA) to
replace incandescent light (40 Watt) by way of monthly installment payment over a year
period for poor households.
3.2.3.20. Peduli Program (2003)
The Peduli Program focused on clipping the peak load by special rebate program on
CFL price to the household (< 900 VA) by subsidized purchase at of Rp 3.000 per lamp
if poor households were to buy 3 lamps.
3.2.4. Category 4 Market-Based Instruments: Nil
There is currently no initiative under market-based instruments. Indonesia may be

looking into possible initiatives under this instrument, in order to help in the area of
financing in the country:
• Directly: selling in Energy Efficiency markets

• Indirectly: by providing certification, enhance certainty
• Create incentives for ESCOs
• Develop sector/ technology supply chain
• Provide increased access to finance when sold, and indirect, help through
enhanced certainty
3.3. Building Rating System
3.3.1. GREENSHIP / GBCI
Indonesia has a green building rating tool, a voluntary environmental rating system that
evaluates the environmental design and construction of buildings, amid growing concern
about urban environmental degradation.
The rating tool features several key elements - sustainable site, energy, water and waste
management, material resources, indoor quality, innovation, transportation and social
economy that are divided into credits. Points are awarded in each credit.
GREENSHIP guidelines for New Building version 1

GREENSHIP guidelines for Existing Building version 1
Draft GREENSHIP guidelines for Interior Space version 1
3.3.1. Bibliografi Rules of THE GREENSHIP RATING TOOLS
Badan Standarisasi Nasional. 2000. SNI 03-6197-2000

Badan Standarisasi Nasional. 2009. SNI 2547-2008
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 1990.
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 416 Tahun 1990
Kementerian Negara Lingkungan Hidup. 2008.
Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia No. 1204/MENKES/SK/X/2004. 2004.
Peraturan Gubernur DKI Jakarta No. 88 Tahun 2010. 2010.
Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 5/PRT/M/2008. 2008.
Peraturan Menteri Kehutanan No. 3 tahun 2004. 2004.
Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 30/PRT/M/2006. 2006.
Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum Nomor 06/PRT/M/2007. 2007.
Peraturan Pemerintah No.18 tahun 1999. 1999.
Peraturan Pemerintah No.85 Tahun 1999. 1999.
Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No 19 Tahun 2003. 2003.
For more info:

http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/05/25/indonesia-have-green-building-rating-
tool.html
Please refer to Appendix 2 for the Website Links of the Key Sustainable
Building Polices and Initiatives under the four categories in Indonesia
4 BEST PRACTICE
This chapter provides an overview of the best practices in Indonesia under the
categories of buildings, technologies/products and others.
4.1. Buildings
4.1.1. Wisma Dharmala (Intiland Tower)
Project Name Wisma Dharmala (Intiland Tower)
Building Category
 Country/City Jakarta
 Building Type Commerical
 Climate Zone Tropical
 New/Existing Existing
 Sector Private
Building Info
 Building Size (storeys) 24 storeys
 Occupancy (visitors) Stockbrokers, embassies consultants and auditors
 Plot Size 0.84 Hectares
 Building Owner PT Intiland Development Tbk
 Time of Completion 1987
Project Description One of Paul Rudolph‘s building, Wisma Dharmala has been
considered as one of the best sustainable building in
Jakarta, Indonesia. In addition, the government cited it to be
an example of how other buildings should be design to
preserve local environment. Its highly complex geometrical
pieces was designed to meet more than just the esthetic
merit, but also to gain a better natural air flow and lighting in
order to greatly reduce the need for air conditioner and
artificial lightings. Rudolph said, ―Indonesian traditional
architecture offers a wide variety of solution to the problem of
a hot and humid climate. The unifying element in this rich
diversity is the roof. It is true, that Indonesian traditional
eloquently solved the problems posed by the humid hot
climate.
Building System Features Overhangs at each floor are covered with vines making the
walls of the courtyard green. The office towers starts some
thirty meters above the base, allowing light and air to
penetrate all parts of the buildings.
Indoor Environmental Quality Natural air flowed was coaxed through their structures by
following the simple laws of hot air rising, leaving cooler air
at the occupant‘s level, venture-like openings followed the
laws of air dynamic both horizontally and vertically. The
passage of air was achieved by raising structures above the
ground, breezeways, venture openings in walls and roofs,
controlled windows openings, manipulation of shade,
shadow and light modulated in breathtaking array of roofs.
Each floor of the office building has its own roof-spandrel
with overhang to protect the glass from the direct rays of the
sun. There are typical floors, which twist and turn as the
building ascend to the top. This geometry allows the façade
and the roof‘s to form balconies and terraces for many of the
offices floors.
Outdoor Environmental Quality The base of the buildings provides a covered entry under
courtyard with exterior steps leading to a sunken terrace
surrounded by varying kinds or restaurants. This courtyard is
essentially a breezeway shaded by the mass of office
building overhead, so each floor of the courtyard steps back
forming a balcony for the offices that floor. Thus the space at
courtyard expands with each floor forming an inverted funnel
to catch the natural daylight.
Data Reference http://www.mgbc.org.my/Resources/Day%202/GBC%20Indo
nesia%20Presentations/Country%20Paper%20-
%20GBC%20Indonesia%20Presentation%20Paper.pdf
http://www.intiland.com/projects.php?id=c-itj
Picture of Wisma Dharmala (Intiland Tower)
4.1.2. Indonesia’s Ecohome, ATMI IDC
Project Name Indonesia’s Ecohome, ATMI IDC
Building Category
 Country/City Surajarta
 Building Type Residential
 New/Existing New
 Sector Private : Eco-Home
Building Info
 Time of Completion 6 months
Energy Those begin with site understanding and optimization of
passive design solution, whereby the building responds to
the existing sun orientation, induces airflow and specifies
finishes that absorbs less heat. Cooling in a building takes
up to 70% of its total energy consumed during its operation.
Insulation and air-tightness of air conditioning becomes very
important key factors to reduce the energy consumption,
matched with the installation of smart appliances.
Water At The Eco-home, some of the interlink water management

features the catchment of rainwater into the groundwater
tank, proper grey and black-water treatment, purification and
drink water treatment, the use of advanced water application
like grease trap and relevant low rate water appliances which
leads into a water efficiency up to 46%, 42% self sufficient
water supply and reduction of storm water.
Material Its construction also use building materials produced in

house solution outlet, so it is more efficient from a variety of
things: reducing the use of woods, faster processing and
lack of the use of discarded materials.
Indoor Environmental Quality The Eco-home optimizes its domestic waste management
through both changing the mindset of the occupants and
also providing the system to allow easier management. The
occupant needs to understand the importance of classifying
waste which will be channeled to recycling industry in
Surakarta.
Outdoor Environmental Quality And the last is renewable energy sources with the
implementation of integrated systems since a-well performed
home needs to be built with quality building resources like
material that will sustain and ensure the building‘s durability.
It is also important to select building materials that can
renewable and have minimum impacts to the environment
and enhance efficient installation methods.
Data Reference http://www.mgbc.org.my/Resources/Day%202/GBC%20Indo

nesia%20Presentations/Country%20Paper%20-
%20GBC%20Indonesia%20Presentation%20Paper.pdf
Picture of Indonesia’s Ecohome, ATMI IDC
4.1.3. Green Building Pilot Projects: Ministry of Public Works, Republic of
Indonesia (Kementerian Perkerjaan Umum, Republik Indonesia)
Project Name Ministry of Public Works, Republic of Indonesia

(Kementerian Perkerjaan Umum, Republik Indonesia)
Building Category
 Country/City Jakarta - Indonesia
 Building Type Government
 Climate Zone Humid Tropical Climate
 Sector Public
Building Info
 Occupancy (visitors) 400 People (User and Visitors)
2
 Plot Size 4165,25 m
 Rating System applied GREENSHIP New Building Version 1
 Cost
Project Description In Workshop on Energy Efficient Building Launch Week
EECCHI in Jakarta on March 22, 2011, Director of
Conservation of Energy, Maryam Ayuni stated that the
Building Centre for Research and Technological Development
of Oil and Gas (PPPTMGB) "Lemigas" included in the eight
buildings are being proposed to obtain certification as a green
building pilot project.
The same proposal given to a number of buildings, namely the

Grand Indonesia Shopping Centre, German Centre, Surya
TOTO, Office of the Ministry of Public Works (PU), and the
Embassy of Austria.
Certification of green building pilot project requires seven

criteria that must be considered, among others, the level of
efficiency, water use, waste management and materials used
to construct the building. The seven elements are calculated
based on the rating and, if appropriate conditions can get a
certificate. Previously Director-General of New Renewable
Energy and Conservation, Luluk Sumiarso states, the energy
consumption for buildings in Indonesia are still very high. And
shopping centers and office buildings in Jakarta has a large
potential for energy savings.
A building constructed with energy-saving concept, can reduce

energy consumption up to 20-30%, equivalent to a new power
plant is enough to light thousands of homes in Jakarta. DG
EBTKE explained various efforts for energy conservation in
buildings is done by active and passive design measures. On
the design is done by utilizing a variety of inverter technology
and others, while passive measures include design
emphasizes on building designs that support the use of lower
energy, such as minimizing the
entry of sunlight so it can save energy.
To support energy conservation program, the Directorate

General of New Energy, Renewable and Energy Conservation
(DG EBTKE) would have formed Team Social Engineering
(TSE), in charge of disseminating the value of saving energy
and love of new renewable energy.
Energy The building of the Ministry of Public Works, Indonesia has an

2 2
EEI of 155 kWh/m /year, as compared to 250 kWh/m /year for
an average office, achieving an energy saving of 38%.
Data Reference http://www.pu.go.id
http://www.scribd.com/doc/58858255/Ir-Rana-Yusuf-Nasir-
Greenship-Rating-Tools
4.1.4. The Austrian Embassy in Jakarta
Project Name The Austrian Embassy in Jakarta
Building Category
 Country/City Jakarta
 Building Type Government
 Sector Public
Building Info
 Building Owner Government of Austria
 Cost USD $1.7 million
Project Description The building is the first green Austrian Embassy in the world
and also the first green building in the capital city of Jakarta.
Green concepts were applied not only in the design of the

building but also during the construction project. No waste
was produced during the process. The liquid waste from
concrete mix was recycled and use of wood was reduced as
far as possible.
The new Austrian Embassy building was designed by

Viennese architect Fritz Oettl, who teamed up with local
architect Jatmika Suryabrata and local contractor company
PT Pembangunan Perumahan (PP).
Energy The application of green technology in the building could
reduce energy consumption by up to 75 percent. The
previous Austrian Embassy in Jakarta consumed 110
kilovolt-amperes (kVa) while the new building currently
consumes only 60 kVa.
Water Fresh water is collected from rainwater stored in tanks,
which is also used in the septic system and garden irrigation.
Indoor Environmental Quality The design of the building was based on principles of
effective shading which enables rooms sufficient natural
temperature and light.
The building is using concrete core temperature control

where the structure is utilized for storing thermal energy in
order to release it when required. The cool air stored in the
concrete core is then transferred to the room.
Most rooms are not air-conditioned but instead relied on the

radiant cooling system where a temperature-controlled
surface cooled indoor temperatures by removing sensible
heat.
Data Reference http://www.bmeia.gv.at/botschaft/jakarta/aktuelles.html
http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/06/23/austrian-
embassy-jakarta%E2%80%99s-first-green-building.html
http://www.austrian-embassy.or.id/
Picture of The Austrian Embassy in Jakarta
4.1.5. Grand Indonesia Office Tower-Jakarta
Project Name Grand Indonesia Office Tower-Jakarta
Building Category
 Country/City Indonesia
 Building Type Commercial - Office
 Sector Private
Building Info
 Building Owner PT Djarum
Project Description Menara BCA is prominently located in the Grand Indonesia
development and on completion will be the tallest office
building in Indonesia.
The Building will comprise of the latest design and

technology while providing amazing views of Jakarta and
ample natural light via full height glazing.
The Menara BCA was created by Darryl Yamamoto, AIA,

director of Austin Veum Robbins Partners (AVRP) and Mixed
Use Studio. Yamamoto was formerly with RTKL, where he
designed the project.
Data Reference http://www.grand-indonesia.com/
http://www.mediaarchitecture.org/the-grand-indonesia-tower/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Indonesia
http://www.regus.com/locations/ID/Jakarta/JakartaMenaraBC
AGrandIndonesia.htm
Picture of Grand Indonesia Office Tower-Jakarta
4.1.6. Natura Resort and Spa
Project Name Natura Resort and Spa
Building Category
 Building Type Commercial - Resort/ Hotel
Building Info
 Building Size (storeys) 1 storey with 1 semi-basement, in total 14 buildings villas
 Plot Size Total GFA:1,712.6 m
2
2
Total site area: 7,250 m
 Site Context Urban
Project Description Designed by Popo Danes. The primary consideration in the
design of Natura was energy efficiency. An important
consideration was to build a tropical building that addresses
the prevailing climate with minimum use of air-conditioning.
Building System Features The small island of Bali, where the building is locate, gets
60% of its electricity from Java‘s energy system and 40%
from the island‘s generator.
Energy Energy Efficiency Index:-
2
Air conditioned area: 61.2kWh/m /yr
Energy consumption:-
2
Electricity: 250kWh/m /yr
Fuel 420 liters/ 12 hours
Liters/yr (not for electricity generation)
The type of water heater used in guestrooms was vital in

saving electricity. Electric water heater is used solely for
hand shower while gas heater is reserved for the bathtub.
The latter heats water faster and this ideal for bathtub use.
Each villa has its own electricity system, which automatically

turns on air-conditioning, water heater and lighting only when
the villa is occupied.
Data Reference http://tinyurl.com/3ga2bqh
http://tinyurl.com/3btxy27
Picture of Natura Resort and Spa
4.1.7. Plaza BII
Project Name Plaza BII
Building Category
 Building Type Commercial -Office
Building Info
 Building Size (storeys) 2 towers of 39 storeys and 12 storeys office building
2

 Building Owner BII
Project Description The Plaza BII building is located on the most prestigious
boulevard in Jakarta, Jalan M.H. Thamrin.
Building System Features John Budi Harjanto Listijono, from the ATMA Jaya University,
highlighted building features where the building is oriented
facing north-south, the use of solar reflective glass walls, a
flexible air-conditioning system that responds to the fluctuating
needs of the tenants based on sensors and tenant
participation.
Energy
Energy-Efficiency Operational Discipline and Procedure:
 Rescheduling and reduction of some essential
electrical loads for equipment rooms.
 Eliminating some of the building‘s ornamental, vicinity
and perimeter lighting.
Retrofitting:
 Upgrading the building automation system by
installing outside temperature sensors. The system
can adjust the chilled water supply of the air handling
unit based on the outdoor temperature.
 Modifying the power outlet circuit and integrating it
with the operating schedule of floor lighting.
 Installation of door switches to all equipment rooms
that switch off the room lighting when the door is
closed.
 Opening up a part of the parking building wall to allow
natural air and light into the area.
Tenants Participation in the Conservation of Energy:

 Lighting is switched off during the noon-time break
from 12:15 to 12:45 daily, Monday to Friday
 Setting up a fixed room temperature of 25 degree
Celsius on one of the floors, at the request of the
Japanese tenants who occupy that floor.
These measures enabled the building operator to achieve a

22% savings in electricity consumption and contribution to a
rise in the occupancy rate from 84% before 2002 to 96% in
2006.
Data Reference http://www.asiabusinesscouncil.org/docs/BEE/BEEBookPartII.
pdf
Picture of Plaza BII
4.1.8. Grha Wonokoyo
Project Name Grha Wonokoyo
Building Category
 Building Type Commercial - Office
Building Info
 Building Owner Wonokoyo Group
Project Description Most energy efficient building in Indonesia and third in
ASEAN.
Graha Wonokoyo is located in Raya Darmo protocol street,

Taman Bungkul Surabaya, which is in the area of colonial
housing building conservation area, well-known as Darmo
site.
The building mass is stacked step by step, starting from the

opening building of 2-storeys mezzanine with the same
height as its neighborhood, elongated from east to west.
Then four-storeys transition building as gallery hall and
collective meeting rooms in the middle, ended with a 10-
storeys tower elongated from north to south matching to the
site as the climax.
Building System Features Some of the features are energy-efficient site planning, high-
performance glass and energy consumption monitoring
system.
2
Energy Saving energy of 56%, consuming only about 88kWh/m /yr,
which is at a far lower rate than the Asean standard of
2
200kWh/m /yr.
Data Reference http://fineartscairoegypt.com/papers/023.pdf
http://rwienuniverse.blogspot.com/2009/07/energy-
expert.html
http://www.planetmole.org/indonesian-news/greenwashing-
jakarta-west-java.html
http://wikimapia.org/3611430/Graha-Wonokoyo
Picture of Grha Wonokoyo
4.1.9. Novotel Lombok Hotel
Project Name Novotel Lombok Hotel
Building Category
 Building Type Commercial -Hotel
Building Info
2

Project Description The Novotel Lombok is the first hotel completed in 1997 in
the Mandalika resort complex. It has 23 traditional villas and
85 block rooms, an open air restaurant, a seafood restaurant
2.
and an air bar with a total gross floor area of 8,197m
Its architecture is adopted from the traditional ‗sasak‘ house

which is energy-efficient and uses natural, environment-
friendly materials.
Energy The Novotel Lombok hotel recorded an energy saving of
39%
Data Reference http://services.inquirer.net/print/print.php?article_id=2007092
2-90056
http://www.hydrocarbons21.com/content/articles/101520100
528.php
Picture of Novotel Lombok Hotel
4.1.10. Ubud Hanging Gardens Hotel
Project Name Ubud Hanging Gardens Hotel
Building Category
 Building Type Commercial - Hotel
Building Info
 Building Size (storeys) 1 storey of 38 villas
 Plot Size 34144.9 m
2
Project Description The 2008 ASEAN energy award was won by the Ubud
Hanging Gardens Hotel because it an excellent example of
how developers have not destroyed the environment to
establish a tourist resort.
Building System Features Less than half the resort area is covered by buildings,
allowing generous water absorption as villas sit perched off
a cliff on pillars.
Energy Only 29 percent of the buildings use air conditioning and
the hotel's water heater system uses gas instead of
electricity. And the hotel operator turns all lighting off at 11
p.m., Hotel lighting is only turned on from 5 a.m. to 6 a.m.
and again at 6 p.m. to 11 p.m.
In all, the hotel saves an estimated 115.94 kWh of
electricity per day, or 42,318.1 kWh per year compared to a
conventional hotel that occupies the same land size.
Data Reference http://www.baliblog.com/accommodation/ubud-hanging-
gardens-hotel-wins-2008-asean-energy-award.html
http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2008/08/28/ubud-
hanging-gardens-hotel-wins-energy-award.html
http://www.balialpes.com/content/us/bali-news/bali-august-
2008-news/ubud-hanging-garden-hotel-wins-energy-
award/39/6/15.html
Picture of Ubud Hanging Gardens Hotel
4.2. Technologies / Products
4.2.1. AC Unit Equipped with Heat Pipe for Tropical Climate
The air-conditioning unit equipped with heat-pipe for tropical climate is a special project
of PT Metropolitan Bayu Industri to solve the problem of high humidity in buildings,
especially in crowded areas such as the restaurant, hotel, meeting room, hall,
supermarket, department store, hospital, library, etc.
Technology/Product Title AC Unit Equipped with Heat Pipe for Tropical Climate
Technology/Product Category
 Technology Category Tropical Climate building
Technology/Product Description The air-conditioning unit equipped with heat-pipe for
tropical climate is the ideal solution to the hot and humid
climate of tropical countries in the region.
Energy Heat pipe is a passive energy recovery device consisting of
a pipe heat exchange divided into an evaporator to pre-cool
the air before it enters the cooling coil and a condenser to
reheat the air from the cooling coil. There are no moving
parts in the heat pipe, and the energy absorbed in the
evaporator during the pre-cooling process is balanced by
expelling heat from the condenser during the reheating
process. Therefore, the process has no energy
requirement.
Data Reference http://tinyurl.com/4ywnklg
4.2.2. Water Jet Nozzle for Air-conditioning Unit
Group of Energy conservation team of the University of Catholic Atma Jaya Jakarta at
Mechanical Engineering Department developed a water jet nozzle installed in the
condenser coil of the residential Air conditioning units to reduce the power consumption
of the electricity by 22% and increase the cooling capacity by 5%.
Technology/Product Title Water Jet Nozzle for Air-conditioning Unit
 Technology Category Special submission
Technology/Product Description The air conditioning system can be divided into 2 systems:
 Air cooled system
 Water cooled system
Most of the residential air conditioning units belong to air
cooled system. The big difference of these 2 systems is in
their COP (coefficient of the performance).
Energy This water jet nozzle can be installed in any residential air
conditioning unit in a minute and gives an instant solution
of energy conservation of the existing unit to reduce the
rapid increase demand of the electricity in developing
country such as Indonesia.
Changing the air cooled air conditioning system having a

similar or approaching the water cooled air conditioning
system by changing the condensing temperature or
pressure, then we can reduce the energy consumption of
the air cooled air conditioning system at the same time
increase a bit the cooling capacity. This idea inspires the
concept of installing water nozzle in air cooled air
conditioning unit in the residential usage.
Pictures of Water Jet Nozzle for Air-conditioning Unit
4.2.3. Using Shell and Core Building Concept, Airfoil Roof and Pitch-roof
Construction, Jet Nozzles and Active Heat Pipe AC
PT Metropolitan Bayu Industri has developed a new integrated design concepts using
Shell and Core building, Airfoil roof and Pitch roof construction, Jet Nozzles and Active
Heat-pipe Air conditioning units to be applied in crowded areas such as Church, Ball-
room, meeting room, infoor stadium, exhibition halls etc and can save operation cost by
50%.This design concept is very suitable for tropical climate in South East Asia countries
where the ambient air is very hot and humid. The building construction material at the
whole can be reduced and no need to use sophisticated and expensive materials. Air
ducting construction can be reduced by 80%.
Using Shell and Core Building Concept, Airfoil Roof

Technology/Product Title and Pitch-roof Construction, Jet Nozzles and Active
Heat Pipe AC
 Technology Category Special submission category
Technology/Product Description Shell and Core Building:
Shell and Core building concept design is a design of core
(inside) building which is covered or surrounded by shell
(perimeter) building. This shell building (can be air
conditioned or non air conditioned) is used to prevent the
solar heat gain from exterior walls and windows (building
envelope) to enter to the core building, using this concept
the total heat gain of the core building can be reduced by
25-30%.
Jet nozzles:
Jet Nozzles are used to replace the conventional air
ducting distribution system which cools the whole air
volume of the buildings or rooms. Jet nozzles are installed
3m -5m height in the perimeter wall of the core
buildings/rooms blow horizontally to create horizontal air
curtain. This horizontal air curtain will block the hot air in
the upper part (near the ceiling) of the building to enter to
the occupant area but can let hot air from occupants
buoyancy up to ceiling or roof as a result reduce the
cooling load by 20%.
Data Reference http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/20612879/1605382412/name
/Special+submission+2009-final+pdf.pdf
http://www.indonesiadesign.com/v2/top.php?resolve=4&edi
tion=060035&main=6
Pictures of Using Shell and Core Building Concept, Airfoil Roof and Pitch-roof Construction,
Jet Nozzles and Active Heat Pipe AC
4.2.4. Chilled Water System AC Unit Equipped with Passive Heat Pipe, Variable
Speed Pump and Fan, PT. Metropolitan Bayu Industri of Indonesia
Chilled Water System AC Unit Equipped with Passive

Technology/Product Title Heat Pipe, Variable Speed Pump and Fan, PT.
Metropolitan Bayu Industri of Indonesia
Technology/Product The objective of this system is to invent an air-conditioning
Description unit for chilled water system which can control both
temperature as well as humidity similar with the air-
conditioning units equipped with active heat pipe for DX
system. This chilled water system air-conditioning is also
very suitable for use in the tropical climate, without the need
for any electric heater or heating coil.
Energy Chilled water system air-conditioning unit equipped with
passive heat pipe, variable speed pump and fan can reduce
the operation cost by up to 40%.
Indoor Environmental Quality AHU equipped with passive heat pipe, variable speed pump
and variable speed fan can give a significant benefit in air
quality as well as operation cost in South West Asian
countries.
The weather condition of ASEAN countries are hot and

humid and the moisture content ranging from 19 gr/(kg dry
air) to about 23 gr/(kg dry air) whereas in sub tropical climate
the moisture contents is less than 16 gr/(kg dry air).
If the relative humidity of the conditioned room is above 60%,

then according to research and survey:-
 Rapid growth of fungi, mold and other micro-organism –
resulting in foul odor, allergy and bad air quality inside
the room
 Rapid deterioration of furniture, carpet, wall paper etc
 Increased risk of asthma and other respiratory-related
illness
Picture of Chilled Water System AC Unit Equipped with Passive Heat Pipe,
Variable Speed Pump and Fan, PT. Metropolitan Bayu Industri of Indonesia
4.2.5. Active Heat Pipe Installed in Air-conditioning Unit
Technology/Product Title Active Heat Pipe Installed in Air-conditioning Unit
Technology/Product Objective is to invent an air-conditioning unit which is
Description suitable for the tropical climate hot and humid.
The active heat pipe consists of:-

 A pre-cool part
 Reheat part
 Solenoid valve
 Humidity control (humidistat)
The cooling coil is placed between the pre-cool part and

reheat part of the active heat pipe, and the solenoid valve is
installed in the connection pipe between the pre-cool part
and reheat part. Humidistat is installed in the conditioned
room to control the relative humidity of the conditioned room.
Energy Active heat-pipe installed in air conditioning unit can reduce
the operation cost by up to 60%.
The unique processes of the active heat pipe are:-

 The heat absorbed by pre-cool part is the same with the
heat expelled by reheat part. Therefore there is no
energy added in this process unlike the conventional air
conditioning unit, in which we have to add electric
heater or heating coil. Consequently the operation
energy will be reduced. The sensible heat absorbed in
this pre cool part will also reduce the heat transfer area
of the cooling coil needed to saturate the air, therefore
there will be more heat transfer area in the cooling coil
to be used to condense the water vapor or latent heat,
which means the cooling coil heat transfer area is
mainly used for latent heat absorption.
APPENDIX 1
WEBSITE LINKS OF THE KEY NATIONAL PLANS AND ORGANISATIONS IN

INDONESIA
INDONESIA – KEY NATIONAL PLANS

http://www.asiaeec-col.eccj.or.jp/st-takes/pdf/indnsa/1_3_a.pdf
http://www.ieej.or.jp/aperc/CEEP/Indonesia.pdf
2.1.2. National Energy Management Blueprint
www.ieagia.org/documents/GIA2005AnnualReportDraftWairakei4Dec2006Gina5Dec06_000.pdf
2.1.3. The National Energy Policy
http://www.jst.go.jp/astf/document2/en_25doc.pdf
http://www.resourcesaver.com/file/toolmanager/O105UF1947.pdf
http://projects.wri.org/sd-pams-database/indonesia/ministerial-decree-no-0002-2004-green-
energy-policy
INDONESIA - KEY NATIONAL ORGANISATIONS

http://www.menlh.go.id
http://www.greenassembly.net/indonesia/indonesia-ministry-of-environment/
http://www.theredddesk.org/resources/organisations/ministry_of_environment_indonesia
http://www.theredddesk.org/redd_basics
www.esdm.go.id
http://www.indonesia.go.id/en/ministries/ministers/ministry-of-energy-and-mineral-resources.html
http://www.indonesia.go.id/en
Http://www.pu.go.id
http://www.indonesia.go.id/en/ministries/ministers/ministry-of-public-work/1664-profile/180-
kementerian-pekerjaan-umum.html
http://www.aseanenergy.org/energy_organisations/some_gov/some-gov.html
http://pdf.wri.org/egi_report_indonesia.pdf
http://www.adb.org/Documents/TACRs/INO/tacr-ino-2430.pdf
2.2.5. Directorate General of New Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation
www.esdm.go.id/directorate-general-of-new-energy-renewable-and-energy-conservation.html
www.ieej.or.jp/aperc/CEEP/Indonesia.pdf
http://energyefficiencyindonesia.info/about-eecchi
www.theindonesiatoday.com/.../3511-govt-sets-up-new-directorate-general-for-renewable-
energy-at-energy-ministry.html
www.ebtke.esdm.go.id
www.ieej.or.jp/aperc/CEEP/Indonesia.pdf
www.esp2indonesia.org/html/Tools/DownloadFile.aspx?did=25
2.2.7. Directorate of General Electricity
www.djlpe.esdm.go.id
2.2.8. Energy Efficiency and Conservation Clearing House Indonesia
http://www.energyefficiencyindonesia.info/
www.koservasienergiindonesia.info
http://indonesia.elga.net.id/govweb.html
http://www.dfat.gov.au/publications/indonesia/Ind_chp9.pdf
http://www.den.go.id
http://carpediemindonesia.blogspot.com/2008/08/national-energy-council.html
http://www.pln.co.id
http://waspada.co.id/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=195527:pln-2358-mw-
pltas-enter-construction-stage&catid=30:english-news&Itemid=101
2.2.12. Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI)
www.gbcindonesia.org
Overview of other national organisations concerning sustainable buildings and construction of

Indonesia:
2.2.13. GTZ - Policy Advice for Environment and Climate Change (PAKLIM):
www.paklim.org
2.2.14. Clinton Climate Initiative Indonesia:
www.clintonfoundation.org
http://www.climatechange.gov.au/government/initiatives/international-forest-carbon-
initiative/action.aspx
www.asathi.org
www.bea-indonesia.org
APPENDIX 2
WEBSITE LINKS OF THE KEY SUSTAINABLE BUILDING POLICIES AND

INITIATIVES UNDER THE FOUR CATEGORIES IN INDONESIA
INDONESIA - CATEGORY 1 VOLUNTARY INSTRUMENTS: 13 INITIATIVES
3.2.1.1. GREENSHIP/ GBCI

http://www.gbcindonesia.org
3.2.1.2. Energy Efficiency Labelling System
3.2.1.3. Barrier Removal to the cost effective development and implementation of Energy
efficiency Standards and Labelling project (BRESL)
3.2.1.4. Regulation on Energy Efficiency Labelling
http://eneken.ieej.or.jp/data/en/data/pdf/491.pdf
http://tinyurl.com/3km9bwk
3.2.1.5. ASEAN Energy Award
http://www.aseanenergy.org/download/projects/promeec/2007-
2008/energyman/country/ID_DGEEU.pdf
3.2.1.7. National Program - Long Term Agreement
3.2.1.8. National Energy Efficiency Movement (MEMR)
3.2.1.9. Energy Manager Formal Training
3.2.1.10.ASEAN Cooperation: EE & C – SSN
3.2.1.11.Clean and Lean Transportation Initiative (CALTI)
3.2.1.12.Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction (GERIAP)
3.2.1.13.Indonesia Integrated Soild Waste Management (GALFAD)
http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/DB/DNV-CUK1171518300.93
INDONESIA - CATEGORY 2 FISCAL INSTRUMENTS: 3 INITIATIVES
3.2.2.1. Ministerial Regulation: Tax and Customs Facilities for the Utilisation of Renewable
Energy
http://www.aipasecretariat.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Ec-Indonesia-Clean- Energy.pdf
3.2.2.2. Government incentives that include tax exemption and fiscal incentives on imports of
energy saving equipment and appliances (near future)
3.2.2.3. Government subsidies and budgetary measures are provided for energy conservation
programs
INDONESIA - CATEGORY 3 REGULATORY INSTRUMENTS: 20 INITIATIVES
3.2.3.1. Indonesian National Standard (SNI)

http://www.bsn.go.id/bsn/profile.php
3.2.3.2. Energy Audit Mobile Unit / BPPT
3.2.3.3. Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) for electrical appliances
3.2.3.4. Minimum Energy Performance Testing Standards (EPTS) for electrical appliances
3.2.3.5. Energy Saving Building Standards
http://www.bsn.go.id/bsn/success_story.php?id=775&language=en
3.2.3.6. Energy Building Standards
3.2.3.7. Energy Conservation Regulation no. 70/2009
http://eeasia.unescap.org/PDFs/energy-efficiency-in-INDONESIA.pdf
http://www.aipasecretariat.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/Ec-Indonesia-Clean-Energy.pdf
http://tinyurl.com/3z87r9d
http://projects.wri.org/sd-pams-database/indonesia/national-energy-conservation-plan-riken
3.2.3.8. Presidential Instruction No 10/2005 on Energy Efficiency
http://ace2.aseanenergy.org/download/projects/promeec/2007-
http://projects.wri.org/sd-pams-database/indonesia/presidential-instruction-no-10-2005-
ministerial-regulation-permen-esdm-no
3.2.3.9. Ministerial of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 0031/2005 on Procedure of
Energy
http://www.cleanenergyasia.net/.../regulation-minister-energy-and-mineral-resources-no-
00312005-technical-procedures-energy-sav
3.2.3.10.Presidential Regulation No. 5/2006 on National Energy Policy
http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/ins64284.pdf
http://projects.wri.org/sd-pams-database/indonesia/presidential-regulation-no-5-2006-national-
energy-policy
3.2.3.11.Law No 30/2007 on Energy
3.2.3.12.Presidential Instruction No 2/2008 on Energy and Water Saving 2008
3.2.3.13.Law No. 30/2009 on Electricity
3.2.3.14.Government Regulation on Energy Efficiency 2009 (draft only)
3.2.3.15.Mandatory Energy Conservation of Government Office Buildings
3.2.3.16.State-owned Energy Service Company (ESCO)
3.2.3.17.Public-Private Partnership Program on Energy Conservation
3.2.3.18.Energy Conservation Clearinghouse
3.2.3.19.Terang Program (2002)
3.2.3.20.Peduli Program (2003)
INDONESIA - CATEGORY 4 MARKET-BASED INSTRUMENTS: Nil

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Building and Construction Authority (BCA), Singapore

CHAPTER 2 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

CHAPTER 3 POLICY INSTRUMENTS IN INDONESIA

APPENDIX 1 WEBSITE LINKS OF THE KEY NATIONAL PLANS AND ORGANISATIONS IN

APPENDIX 2 WEBSITE LINKS OF THE KEY SUSTAINABLE BUILDING POLICIES AND

Countries participating in the Regional Status Report on Sustainable Building Policies in

The Country Report on Sustainable Building Policies on Energy Efficiency in Brunei

The Country Report on Sustainable Building Policies on Energy Efficiency, collated as of

The four policy instruments categories are:

1.1. Indonesia Overview

This section provides an overview of building stock, geography, population, economy

1.1.1. Building stock

 Number of Construction Company according Province, 2004 – 2009:

For more info:

For more info:

For more info:

This section provides an overview of resources in Indonesia in the following categories:

There are several sources of energy that being used:

Energy consumption growth rate in the period of 1995-2000 at an average of 7% per

Biodiesel and Bio energy from Jarak Oil :http://b2te.bppt.go.id/jarak.html

Pic. 1.1 Extraction Machine - source BPPT website

Pic. 2.2 Jarak Fruit – source BPPT website

Pic 2.1 A unit of Bio Gas – Source website BPPT

For more info:

The amount of water in Indonesia fluctuates by season and is distributed differently

Usage of clean water on buildings is especially to accommodate consumption activity.

For more info:

For more info:

Key Trends going into 2011

1.2.4. Indoor / Outdoor Environmental Quality

For more info: http://epi.yale.edu/Countries/Indonesia

2.1. National Plans

2.1.1. National Energy Conservation Master Plan

The future tasks are:

2.1.2. National Energy Management Blueprint

Draft Blueprint for National Energy Management 2005-2025:

2.1.3. National Energy Policy

2.1.4. Energy Conservation Policy

2.1.5. Green Energy Policy

2.2. National Organisations

2.2.1. Ministry of Environment

 Geological investigation and research work

2.2.3. Ministry of Public Works

2.2.4. Directorate General of Electricity and Energy Utilization (DGEEU)

2.2.5. Directorate General of New Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation

Original known as Directorate of New Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation, it

2.2.7. Directorate General of Electricity

 Policy formulation in the electricity sector;

2.2.8. Energy Efficiency and Conservation Clearing House Indonesia (EECCHI)

Energy Efficiency and Conservation Clearing House Indonesia (EECCHI) is a service

2.2.9. Ministry of Energy & Mining

2.2.10. National Energy Council

2.2.11. National Electric Company Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN)

PLN is an Indonesian government-owned corporation which has a monopoly on

Their missions are to:-

2.2.12. Green Building Council Indonesia (GBC Indonesia)

Green Building Council Indonesia (GBC Indonesia) focuses on climate change,