EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGY
Penetration
Reviewer
FIRST SEMESTER:
MODULE 1
• ICT (INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY)
- deals with the use of different
communication technologies such s phones,
Internet to locate, save, send, and edit
information
- having a unified way to communicate is one
of its goals
- “C” reflects the important role that
computers now play in communications
- has saved companies a lot of resources
(time and money) with the kind of
communication technology they use
• ICT IN THE PHILIPPINES
- 1993: Birth of the Philippine Internet
o With the support of DOST
(Department of Science and
Technology) and IRF (Industrial
Research Foundation), the Philnet
project (now PHNET) was born
- 1994: Our First Internet Connection
o Benjie Tan, working for ComNet,
established the PH’s first
connection to the Internet at a
PLDT network center in Makati
- 2013: The Massive Growth of the Country’s
Mobile Networks
o Mobile Cellular Subscriptions reach
102 million
- 2014: Fastest Growing Connection
o The Philippines named fastest
growing internet population in the
last five years with a growth of
531%
o Number of Philippine Internet users
at 38 million out of a population of
100 million
- 2017: Internet Connection Population
o 119M Mobile Phone Subscriptions
in the Country (117% Penetration
Rate)
o 95% Prepaid
o Greater 10% Broadband
Subscription
o 55% Mobile Broadband
Subscription
o 80% Subscribed to the Lowest
Speed Plans (1-3 MBPS)
- TODAY IN ICT: THE TIME WE SPEND ONLINE
o 3.2 HOURS ON MOBILE PHONES
o 5.2 HOURS ON DESKTOP / TABLETS
• The Evolution of The Internet
- Web 1.0 (Static Web)
o first generation
o based on Hypertext Markup
Language (html/htm)
o Static websites - worked on a
ready-only principle and the visitor
is only an observer
o Web 1.0 website was basically a
single file saved in the server and
displayed in its entirety when a
visitor entered the address from
their browser
o the URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
address remained unchanged
regardless of the user’s location
o only displayed text and images
o “readable” phrase of the World
Wide Web
- Web 2.0 (Dynamic Web)
o participation principle
o user and the website worked on a
give-and-take relationship
o website provided a set of
information, the user could work on
and add to it
o real-life interactive communication
that paved the way for media
sharing and online banking and
shopping
o “writable” phase of the World
Wide Web

- Web 3.0 (Semantic Web)
o Semantic Web - a movement led by
the World Wide Web Consortium
(W3C)
o W3C standard encourages web
developers to include semantic
content in their web pages
o term (Semantic) was coined by the
inventor of the World Wide Web,
Tim Berners-Lee
o Lee also noted that the Semantic
Web is a component for Web 3.0.
o current generation
o All available information is based on
real-time events
o Users stay connected to live
internet at all times
o let digital devices suggest probable
actions based on your previous
decisions
o “executable” phase of the internet
o We experience the features of Web
3.0 internet every day. For instance,
consider the live stream feature of
Facebook and YouTube
o aim of Web 3.0 is to have machines
(or servers) understand the user's
preferences to be able to deliver
web content specifically targeting
the user
o The search engine then labels it the
most common answer to the search
query
o The Internet is able to predict the
best possible answers to your
question by "learning" from your
previous choices
- Web 3.0 is yet to be fully realized because
of:
o Compatibility - HTML files and
current web browsers could not
support Web 3.0
o Security - The user's security is also
in question since the machine is
saving his or her preferences
o Vastness - The World Wide Web
already contains billions of web
pages
o Vagueness - Certain words are
imprecise. The words "old" and
"small" would depend on the user
o Logic - Since machines use logic,
there are certain limitations for a
computer to be able to predict
what the user is referring to at a
given time
• Trends in ICT
- the industry has focused on several
innovations
- these trends are the current front runners
in the innovation of ICT
o Convergence
 is the synergy of technological
advancements to work on a
similar goal or task
 besides using your personal
computer, you can now use your
smartphone
 use cloud technologies to sync
files from one device to another
while also using LTE technology
which means you can access
your files anytime, anywhere
 uses several technologies to
accomplish a task conveniently
o Social Media
 website, application, or online
channel to create, co-create,
discuss, modify, and exchange
user-generated content
 According to Nielsen, a global
information and measurement
company, Internet users spend
more time on social media sites
than on any other type of site
 There are 6 types of social media
1. Social Networks
» connect with other
people with the same
interests or
background
» Facebook and
Google+
2. Bookmarking sites
» allow you to store
and manage links to
various websites and
resources
 » create a tag that
allows you and others
to easily search or
share them
» StumbleUpon and
Pinterest
3. Social News
» allow users to post their
own news items or links
to other news sources
» voting on these news
articles
» users can also comment
on the post and
comments may also be
ranked
» most amount of votes
are shown most
prominently
» reddit and Digg
4. Media Sharing
» upload and share media
content like images,
music, and video
» liking, commenting, and
having user profiles
» Flicker, YouTube, and
Instagram
5. Microblogging
» focus on short updates
from the user
» Twitter and Plurk o Assistive Media
6. Blogs and Forums
» These websites allow
users to post their
content
» Other users are able to
comment on the said
topic
» forums are typically • Online Safety and Security
part of a certain
- The Internet is one of the most
website or web service
» Blogger, WordPress,
and Tumblr
o Mobile Technologies • Type of Information and Its Risks
 The popularity of smartphones and
tablets has taken a major rise over
the years
 devices' capability to do tasks that
were originally found in personal
computers
 high-speed Internet
 latest mobile devices use 4G
Networking (LTE), which is currently
the fastest mobile network
 mobile devices use different
operating systems
1. iOS - used in Apple devices such
as the iPhone and iPad
2. Android - an open source
operating system developed by
Google. Being open source
means several mobile phone
companies use this OS for free
3. Blackberry OS - Blackberry
devices
4. Windows Phone OS - closed
source and proprietary
operating system developed by
Microsoft®
5. Symbian - the original
smartphone OS; used by Nokia
devices
6. WebOS - originally used for
smartphones; now used for
smart TVs
7. Windows Mobile - developed by
Microsoft® for smartphones and
pocket PCs
 nonprofit service designed to help people
who have visual and reading impairments
 A database of audio recordings is used
MODULE 2
dangerous places, especially if you do
not know what you are doing with it
1. First Name - a hacker may already know
plenty of stuff about you even if you
only give out your first name
2. Last Name - vulnerable to being
searched for using search engines,
 which include image search. Matching a - While you may not experience the threat
name with a face is a modus in now, whatever information we share today
cybercrimes like identity theft. could affect our future
3. Middle Name - Sharing your middle
name alone is probably not the most
• Tips to Stay Safe Online
1. Be mindful of what you share online
risky of these share information, but
and what site you share it to. Think
sharing your full name would be
before you click.
4. Current and previous school(s) - Most
2. Do not just accept terms and
people who steal identities study their
conditions; read it.
subject. They can use this information
3. Check out the privacy policy page of a
for verification purposes.
website to learn how the website
5. Your cellphone number - should never
handles the information you share.
be posted over the Internet. You would
4. Know the security features of the social
not want random strangers to text or
networking site you use. By keeping
call you, or worse, pretend that they
your profile private, search engines will
are someone else.
not be able to scan your profile.
6. The name of your mother and father -
5. Do not share your password with
Not as risky as posting their full names,
anyone.
especially your mother's maiden name.
6. Avoid logging in to public networks/Wi-
Websites require your mother's maiden
Fi. Browsing in "incognito (or private)
name as an answer to a secret question
mode," a feature of the browser, will
whenever you lose your password.
not protect you from hackers.
7. The name of your siblings - Strangers
7. Do not talk to strangers whether online
may pretend or use their identity to
or face-to-face.
dupe you.
8. Never post anything about a future
8. Your address - It would be much easier
vacation. It is similar to posting, "Rob
for criminals to find you
my house at this date."
9. Your home phone number - This shared
9. Add friends you know in real life.
information is riskier than sharing your
10. Avoid visiting untrusted websites.
personal phone number. Scams usually
11. Install and update an antivirus software
use this information to deceive you,
on your computer. Use only one
one of which is when a stranger
antivirus software to avoid conflicts.
pretends to know your parents or
12. If you have a Wi-Fi at home, make it a
pretends to be you.
private network by adding a password.
10. Your birthday - having it in your profile
13. Avoid downloading anything from
makes you vulnerable to identity theft
untrusted websites. You are most
• The Internet vulnerable in peer-to-peer downloads
- defined as the information superhighway (torrents) as the download is most likely
- anyone has access to this highway, can not monitored by the site owner.
place information, and can grab that 14. Buy the software; do not use pirated
information ones.
- Any information, even things that you have 15. Do not reply or click links from
set privately, can be accessed one way or suspicious emails.
another • Internet Threats
- This is why social networking sites like o Malware - stands for malicious
Facebook continue to improve their security software
features a) Virus - designed to replicate itself
- The threat of cybercrime is very real and transfers one computer to
another either through the
 Internet and local networks or • Online Research
data storage like flash drives and - The information that we need is more likely
CDs already on the Internet. It is just a matter of
b) Worm - transfers from one how to look for it and how to use
computer to another by any type information from the most credible source.
of means. Often, it uses a
computer network to spread itself. 1. Have a question in mind
For example, the ILOVEYOU worm
2. Narrow it down
(Love Bug Worm) created by a
Filipino. 3. Advanced Search
c) Trojan - is disguised as a useful
4. Look for credible sources
program but once downloaded or
installed, leaves your PC 5. Give credit
unprotected and allows hackers to
get your information • Cybercrime - a crime committed or assisted
d) *Rogue security software - tricks through the use of the Internet
the user into posing that it is a • Privacy policy – tells the user how the
software. It asks the user to pay to website will handle its data
improve his/her security but in
• Copyright – a part of the law, wherein you
reality, they are not protected at
have the rights to your work, and anyone who
all.
uses it without your consent is punishable by
e) Spyware - a program that runs in
law
the background without you
knowing it (thus called "spy"). It • Fair use – an intellectual property may be
has the ability to monitor what you used without a consent as long as it is used in
are currently doing and typing commentaries, criticisms, search engines,
through keylogging. parodies, news reports, research, library
f) *Keyloggers - used to record the archiving, teaching, and education
keystroke done by the users. This
is done to steal their password or
any other sensitive information. It
can record email, messages, or any
information you type using your
keyboard.
g) Adware - a program designed to
send you advertisements, mostly
as pop-ups
o Spam - unwanted email mostly from bots
or advertisers. It can be used to send
malware
o Phishing - Its goal is to acquire sensitive
personal information like passwords and
credit card details. This is done by sending
you an email that will direct the user to
visit a website and be asked to update
his/her username, password, credit card,
or personal information
o *Pharming - a more complicated way of
phishing where it exploits the DNS
(Domain Name Service) system.