5.

0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

In this cooling tower experiment, the main objective is to study the influence of air velocity on
wet bulb approach and pressure drops through the packing. By applying the concept of the First Law
of thermodynamics, energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be conserved. In other
words, the energy that enter the system must exit the system by transforming to other forms of energy.
Theoretically, as the air flow rate decreases, the pressure drop is also decreases due to lower contact of
particles through the wall of the packing. It is proven in the experiment in Table A, as the lowest air
flow rate (25%), gave the lowest pressure drop reading across the packing, which is only 9.0 Pa. The
same pattern continued in Table B as the lowest air flow rate gave the lowest values in both wet bulb
approach and nominal air velocity. By decreasing the air flowrate: the tendency of air to accept
moisture is increases, as the ambient humidity is lower; the frequency of collision of air particles is
also decreases resulting in lower pressure drop. Experimentally, the efficiency of the cooling tower is
at its best when operating at lower air flow rate, as it offers a lower approach of wet bulb temperature
thus producing the best condition for the removal of heat.

Throughout the experiments, several alternatives can be taken into consideration for next
encounter in order to increase both precision and accuracy of results obtained from the cooling tower.
One of the several techniques is by using a digitalised blower speed of the cooling tower so that it is
easier to be adjusted besides able to show exact values of amount of air flow through the cooling tower
instead of adjusting it manually. Apart from that, keep a safe distance when adjusting the blower speed
manually. This is because an operating fan poses a significant threat of injury by physical contact with
the propeller, and must be treated with vigilance and care. Furthermore, install an auxiliary heater into
the cooling tower plants to improve the direct contact of hot water and cool dry air for extracting heat
waste heat before releasing it to the surrounding. By doing so, it will automatically increase the
temperature difference between the return water from the water heater and the cool supply water thus
increasing the percentage of accuracy in the experiment.