MODULE 2

Understanding Critical Thinking, Strategic Analysis and

Intuitive Thinking

“Think over what I say, for the Lord will give you understanding in everything.”

-2 Timothy 2:7

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 Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) Strand
Trends, Network & Critical Thinking in the 21st Century Culture- Grade 12
Unit 1- Module 2: Understanding Critical Thinking, Strategic and Intuitive Thinking

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of
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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included
in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek
permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Reygielyn S. Malapitan

Editors : Raymus A. Sta. Cruz, Janwin C. Magas, Samuel A. Reyes

Layout Artist: Eldon Karl M. Dumelod

Management Team

Chairpersons: LOIDA MARIA L. BAUTISTA, MAEd.

OLPCC- SHS Principal

FRANKLIN L. SORIANO, Ph.D.

Vice President for Academic Affairs

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 Module 2

Understanding Critical Thinking, Strategic and Intuitive Thinking

Learning Objectives:
• Define strategic analysis and intuitive thinking
• Apply Critical thinking in solving problems
• Use intuitive thinking in dealing with varied activities or real-life situations
• Create a Venn diagram that recognize the importance of strategic analysis and intuitive
thinking in our day to day life

MOTIVATION

Let’s have a simple exercise:

Think whether these statements are true/false to you.

1. I think several times before I do something.

2. I often assume and it usually works.
3. I tend to believe what my friends are telling me.
4. I believe everything I read
5. I verify and look for basis before concluding into something
6. I answer questions which I do not know.
7. I ask question before reading instructions.
8. I read the instructions without understanding it.
9. I take responsibility with everything I hear and say.
10. I randomly click like on Facebook without any reason.

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 Lesson Opening:

Critical Thinking skill is a vital to preparing students or learners for tomorrow’s world. Students who would
be agents of change are expected to be critically aware of their environment. Cultivating critical thinking is an
important element of change that results in change in spirit.
This module contains a discussion on critical thinking, its definition and ways of developing it, barriers to
cultivating it, the intuitive and strategic thinking and analysis

Guiding Questions:

1. How does critical thinking affect our decision in life?

2. Is critical thinking use as an essential tool in problem solving and responsible decision making?
3. Differentiate Strategic Analysis and Intuitive Thinking
4. How to use intuitive thinking in solving problems?

Critical Thinking

According to Martin Luther King , To think incisively and to think for one’s self is very difficult. We are
prone to let our mental life become invaded by legions of half truths, prejudices, and propaganda. At this point, I
often wonder whether or not education is fulfilling its purpose. A great majority of the so-called educated people
do not think logically and scientifically. Even the press, the classroom, the platform, and the pulpit in many
instances do not give us objective and unbiased truths. Education must enable one to sift and weigh evidence, to
discern the true from the false, the real from the unreal, and the facts from the fiction.
The function of education, therefore, is to teach one to think intensively and to think critically

We all think, right? We actually have no choice but think. However, could we challenge ourselves think deeper?
Do you think, we can improve it? How often do we actually think about the way we think?

Key points:

• Thinking and Critical thinking are imperative in our everyday life

• There are practical tools used to develop critical thinking skills
• Critical Thinking is an essential tool to problem solving and
responsible decision making

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 Brief Conceptualization of Critical Thinking

Critical thinking is self-guided, self-disciplined thinking which attempts to reason at the highest level of
quality in a fair-minded way. People who think critically consistently attempt to live rationally, reasonably,
empathically. They are keenly aware of the inherently flawed nature of human thinking when left unchecked.
They strive to diminish the power of their egocentric and sociocentric tendencies. They use the intellectual tools
that critical thinking offers – concepts and principles that enable them to analyze, assess, and improve thinking.
They work diligently to develop the intellectual virtues of intellectual integrity, intellectual humility, intellectual
civility, intellectual empathy, intellectual sense of justice and confidence in reason. They realize that no matter
how skilled they are as thinkers, they can always improve their reasoning abilities and they will at times fall prey
to mistakes in reasoning, human irrationality, prejudices, biases, distortions, uncritically accepted social rules and
taboos, self-interest, and vested interest. They strive to improve the world in whatever ways they can and
contribute to a more rational, civilized society. At the same time, they recognize the complexities often inherent
in doing so. They avoid thinking simplistically about complicated issues and strive to appropriately consider the
rights and needs of relevant others. They recognize the complexities in developing as thinkers, and commit
themselves to life-long practice toward self-improvement. They embody the Socratic principle: The unexamined
life is not worth living , because they realize that many unexamined lives together result in an uncritical, unjust,
dangerous world.

Paul-Elder Critical Thinking Framework

Critical thinking is that mode of thinking – about any subject, content, or problem — in which the thinker
improves the quality of his or her thinking by skillfully taking charge of the structures inherent in thinking and
imposing intellectual standards upon them. (Paul and Elder, 2001). The Paul-Elder framework has three
components:
1. The elements of thought (reasoning)
2. The intellectual standards that should be applied to the elements of reasoning
3. The intellectual traits associated with a cultivated critical thinker that result from the consistent and
disciplined application of the intellectual standards to the elements of thought

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 According to Paul and Elder (1997), there are two essential dimensions of thinking that students need to master
in order to learn how to upgrade their thinking. They need to be able to identify the "parts" of their thinking, and
they need to be able to assess their use of these parts of thinking.

Elements of Thought (reasoning)

The "parts" or elements of thinking are as follows:
1. All reasoning has a purpose
2. All reasoning is an attempt to figure something out, to settle some question, to solve some problem
3. All reasoning is based on assumptions
4. All reasoning is done from some point of view
5. All reasoning is based on data, information and evidence
6. All reasoning is expressed through, and shaped by, concepts and ideas
7. All reasoning contains inferences or interpretations by which we draw conclusions and give meaning
to data
8. All reasoning leads somewhere or has implications and consequences
Universal Intellectual Standards
The intellectual standards that are to these elements are used to determine the quality of reasoning. Good critical
thinking requires having a command of these standards. According to Paul and Elder (1997 ,2006), the ultimate
goal is for the standards of reasoning to become infused in all thinking so as to become the guide to better and
better reasoning. The intellectual standards include:
Clarity
Could you elaborate?
Could you illustrate what you mean?
Could you give me an example?
Accuracy
How could we check on that?
How could we find out if that is true?
How could we verify or test that?
Precision
Could you be more specific?
Could you give me more details?
Could you be more exact?
Relevance
How does that relate to the problem?
How does that bear on the question?
How does that help us with the issue?
Depth
What factors make this difficult?
What are some of the complexities of this question?
What are some of the difficulties we need to deal with?
Breadth
Do we need to look at this from another perspective?
Do we need to consider another point of view?
Do we need to look at this in other ways?
Logic
Does all of this make sense together?
Does your first paragraph fit in with your last one?
Does what you say follow from the evidence?
Significance
Is this the most important problem to consider?
Is this the central idea to focus on?

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 Which of these facts are most important?
Fairness
Is my thinking justifiable in context?
Am I taking into account the thinking of others?
Is my purpose fair given the situation?
Am I using my concepts in keeping with educated usage, or am I distorting them to get what I want?
Intellectual Traits
Consistent application of the standards of thinking to the elements of thinking result in the development of
intellectual traits of:
▪ Intellectual Humility
▪ Intellectual Courage
▪ Intellectual Empathy
▪ Intellectual Autonomy
▪ Intellectual Integrity
▪ Intellectual Perseverance
▪ Confidence in Reason
▪ Fair-mindedness

Characteristics of a Well-Cultivated Critical Thinker

Habitual utilization of the intellectual traits produces a well-cultivated critical thinker who is able to:
▪ Raise vital questions and problems, formulating them clearly and precisely
▪ Gather and assess relevant information, using abstract ideas to interpret it effectively
▪ Come to well-reasoned conclusions and solutions, testing them against relevant criteria and standards;
▪ Think open-mindedly within alternative systems of thought, recognizing and assessing, as need be, their
assumptions, implications, and practical consequences; and
▪ Communicate effectively with others in figuring out solutions to complex problems
Paul, R. and Elder, L. (2010). The Miniature Guide to Critical Thinking Concepts and Tools. Dillon Beach:
Foundation for Critical Thinking Press.

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 Let’s Test your Critical Thinking skills by doing this simple activity.

1. Put the following letters into two sets. Put one set inside the box and the other set outside the box. Be
ready to explain how you made your choices.
A B Z E D
I G O C U

2. Arrange the following items into two sets. Put one set inside the circle and the

SET 1 SET 2

explain
how you made your choices.

Set #1 is a set of __________________. They are the color _______________________.

Set #2 is a set of __________________. They are the color _______________________.
The place where Set #1 and Set #2 meet is a set of _______________________ and _________________. They are
the colors __________________and __________________.

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 Let’s Test your Critical Thinking skills by doing this simple activity.

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 Intuitive Thinking

Even now, intuitive thinking is a mystery to the world of science. However, we’ve managed to make some
progress and get a better understanding of this fascinating, unpredictable part of our brains. It’s somewhere
between emotions and rationality, which is exactly why it’s so mysterious.

Intuitive thinking is basically the kind of thinking that helps you understand reality in the moment, without
logic or analysis. There’s no language involved in it, either. It’s entirely about signs and sensations. Most of the
time, it goes against whatever we might think of as “rational”.

According to science, intuitive thinking happens in a region of our brain close to the pineal gland.
In other words, it lines up with the middle of your forehead, between your eyebrows. You can’t use
intuitive thinking whenever you want, though. It only shows up in “moments of inspiration”. Plus, it really works.
It’s what some people call doctors’ “clinical eye” or being a “visionary”.

Intuitive thinking is “quick and ready insight” (Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary). Intuitive decision-
making is for more than using common sense because it involves additional sensors to perceive and get aware of
the information from outside. sometimes, it is referred to as gut feeling, sixth sense, inner sense, instinct, inner
voice, spiritual guide, etc.

The following are some well-known people of intuition (Timeforchange.org):

Albert Einstein (Theoretical physicist who is widely considered one of the greatest physicists of all time;
best known for the theory of relativity, Nobel prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric
effect and” for his services to Theoretical Physics”):
• The only real valuable thing is intuition.
• There is no logical way to the discovery of these elemental laws. There is only one way of intuition, which
is helped by a feeling for the order lying behind the appearance.

Alexis Carrel (French surgeon, biologist, and eugenicist; Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine):

• All great men are gifted with intuition. They know without reasoning or analysis what they need to know.
• Intuition comes very close to clairvoyance; it appears to be the extrasensory perception of reality.

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 Lao Tzu (ancient Chinese philosopher):

-The power of intuitive understanding will protect you from harm until the end of your days.

Anne Wilsom Schaef (writer and lecturer):

-Trusting our intuition often saves us from disaster.

The question is not whether rational reasoning or intuitive decision-making is generally better. The question is
rather how both approaches can be best combined for best results and to avoid mistakes and prejudices.

Intuitive thinking is important in dealing with real-life situations. Now, I

want you to analyze each scenario given below. Remember, Intuitive Thinking is a quick insight!

What will you do in the following circumstances? Use your intuitive thinking in answering. Write
your answer on the space provided.

1. During natural disaster like flashflood or strong typhoon.

_____________________________________________________________________
2. Arrival of unexpected visitors
_____________________________________________________________________
3. Surprise Class Recitation
_____________________________________________________________________
4. Wallet is suddenly lost
_____________________________________________________________________
5. Coming to class unprepared
_____________________________________________________________________
6. Helping a stranger
_____________________________________________________________________
7. Getting lost
_____________________________________________________________________
8. Meeting a very popular person or idol.
_____________________________________________________________________

While we discover how to become intuitive or strategic thinker, let us come across the three types of
thinkers Let us watch this video clip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hLgi444Ghww

Think and Share:

1. Do you see any similarities with your friends or neighbors?

2. Do you see yourself in the 3 characters given in the video?

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 The 4 Types of Intuitive Thinking

1. Emotional intuitive thinking. This has to do with your ability to immediately pick up on other people’s
personality traits or emotional states. You can see who they are, or how they are, without them having to say
anything.
2. Mental intuitive thinking. This is about finding an immediate answer to a problem, without analyzing it. It’s
very common in people with jobs that require quick decisions, like firefighters or bomb technicians.
3. Psychic intuitive thinking. This means having the ability to choose the best path to overcome a personal
difficulty, without putting much mental effort into it. It also means being able to pick up on social and work-
related dynamics.
4. Spiritual intuitive thinking. This has to do with states of enlightenment” or “revelations”. They’re more of an
experience than a fact. Buddhists talk about this kind of intuition more than anyone else, which has given it a
mystical quality.

Strategic Thinking/ Strategic Analysis

In its simplest form, strategic thinking is an

ability to plan for the future. It’s the capacity to
prepare strategies and conjure ideas that will
both cope with changing environments and
consider the various challenges that lie ahead.
Candidates that possess strategic thinking skills
will be seen as top talent, and it’s a quality that
makes many managers, directors and executives
the successful leaders they are.

4 key qualities of strategic thinkers

Bring to your mind a professional leader you admire. Have you chosen them because of their innovation,
intelligence or ability to engage audiences? Or maybe you like their capacity to critique process and procedure
while still being receptive to feedback and change? If your model leader possesses any of the above qualities,
they’re a strategic thinker. Here are four qualities that all strategic thinkers possess, and continue to work on
throughout their lives:

1. They’re always learning

Strategic thinking skills are developed by committing to constant learning and self-improvement. Whether it’s
learning from their own experiences, the experiences of others, books, presentations, networks, conferences or
junior colleagues, strategic thinkers don’t dismiss any potential sources of education.

2. They always seek advice from others

In the spirit of being able to prepare for the future and make constant improvements, strategic thinkers’ welcome
feedback and advice from others. They test ideas and concepts and ensure that criticisms are examined and
incorporated where relevant. This process makes their plans and strategies as robust and steadfast as possible.

3. They’re not afraid to take risks

Great strategic thinkers understand that professional excellence doesn’t always emerge from a cookie-cutter
approach. After careful consideration, they take risks on new ideas, innovative solutions and unique pitches,
prepared for both success and failure, and always willing to learn from their mistakes.

4. They never forget organizational purpose

Whether a business builds intuitive websites for clients or sells diverse share portfolios, strategic thinkers will
never neglect their purpose or people. If the strategic thinking and planning doesn’t revolve around these two
key elements, it has failed to be strategic at all.

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 Create a Venn diagram that recognize the importance of strategic analysis and intuitive thinking in your
day to day life.
Instructions: Think of a certain problem and think of the different ways on how to solve it by using strategic
analysis and intuitive thinking then compare it.

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS INTUITIVE THINKING

STATE THE
PROBLEM

Which do you think is much better in solving your uncertainty? Explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________

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 Make a short summary of different concepts of Critical Thinking, Strategic analysis and Intuitive Thinking and
relate it on how you make different decisions in your life. Do you find it helpful?

___________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

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 How did it go? How do you
find this module?

❖ Kindly choose one emoticon and briefly explain why?

___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Do you find this module helpful?

❖
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

❖ Do you have any suggestion?

___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

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 References:

Manguduyos, G. (2017). Trends,Networks and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century (First ed.). Manila: Rex
Book Store.

Paul-Elder Critical Thinking Framework. (n.d.). Retrieved September 29, 2020, from
https://louisville.edu/ideastoaction/about/criticalthinking/framework

LESSON 3: "Intuitive or Strategic Thinker". (2019, January 30). Retrieved September 29, 2020, from
https://trendsnetworkscriticalthinking.wordpress.com/lesson-3/

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