Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BATANGAS

POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

Week 3
Duration: 4 hours

LESSON 3:
POWER

Prepared by:

JULIET J. SILANG
Teacher III
Laiya National High School

PHILIPPINE
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 1
 POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
Name of Learner: ____________________________________
Grade Level: ____________________________________
Strand/Track: ____________________________________
Section: ____________________________________
Date: ____________________________________

LESSON 3: POWER

A . BACKGROUND

This lesson presents the definitions and aspects of power in

political science. Not only will you be able to recognize power, but you will also be

responsible in using it to avoid abuse in its usage, as well as to give due respect to

other who have power over them.

“Knowledge will give you power, but character respect.”

-Bruce Lee

One of the central concepts and issues of political science is

power: Who wields it? How it is shared, checked, or monopolized? How can power

and its consequences be controlled to gain benefits?

You may not know it but we may be affected by the play of power, in its political

sense, in our everyday life. In the same way, each of us wields power on other

people, things, or situation.

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 2

 Power in the natural sciences can be easily established through

a single equation, which signifies the quantifiable nature of physical power. In

society, it spans a broad spectrum of meaning that includes force, authority,

influence, and most of the time, coercion.

In addition, in society, there are different forms of power—from

authoritative power to economic power. The are also many ways in which power can

be expressed by individuals or institutions. Likewise, expressing power may range

from the simplest of human interaction, such as when parents tell their children what

they should and should not do, to the grandest, such as when the government

imposes policies for the welfare of its constituents.

The extent of the consequences of power is dependent upon the different

ways, degree, and the aims by which power is expressed in society. For instance

political power in a state is exercised by the government. Through this power, the

government is able to create and enact laws that promote peace and order in society

and influences various processes such as those are affecting the economy for the

benefit of its constituents as well.

In their attempt to classify and better understand power, Barnett and

Duvall (Pallaver 2011) created the taxonomy of power with four major types:

1. Compulsory power - the direct control of one actor of the conditions and

actins another.

2. Institutional power - the indirect ways in which an actor affects another.

An example is the use of rules or the law to impose order.

3. Structural power - basically looks at the position and the roles of various

actors in relation to each other. Examples are coach to player; boss to

worker or captain to crew relationships wherein the position of each

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 3

 player toward another provides them roles and responsibilities that play

even without coercing the other.

4. Productive power - similar to the structural power that looks in the

relative position of the actors, the social production of their roles, and how

the roles affect the actors’ perceptions and actions.

According to Aristotle in his Politics, there are situations where power in the

government is corrupted by the personal and selfish goals of individuals. Because of

these egoistic goals, individuals pursue laws and intervene with social services to

achieve personal rather than communal gains.

In studying politics, we must be aware and accept the fact that power, as a

central concept, is dynamic and has different forms, depending on who is imposing

power, and how that power is expressed.

Inherent powers of the State

 Also known as the Fundamental powers of the State

 Police power, power of eminent domain, power of taxation

 They are inherent because they need not be expressly conferred by

constitutional provision as they are supposed to co-exist with the State

Limitation of exercising these powers

 Government of limited powers, may not be exercised to trample upon the

rights granted under the Bill of Rights

 Subject to at all times to the limitations and requirements of the Constitution

and may in proper cases be annulled by the court of justice

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 4

 1. Police power. Power of the state to enact and enforce laws and to regulate

property and liberty in the promotion of the general welfare of the people. It

regulates the behavior or conduct of its citizen in the interest of the common

good within the limits of the state’s laws. It is not only confine to the citizens

but also to foreigners who are temporarily living within the state. It is the most

pervasive, least limitable, most demanding of the three powers. It is dynamic,

not static and must move with the moving society it is supposed to regulate

Examples of Police power:

1. On public moral. Punishing public scandal, vagrancy and

prostitution,

prohibiting illegal gambling

2. General welfare and convenience. Penalizing the turning loose of

large cattle or permitting them to run loose in streets and plazas of

municipalities, regulating prices of commodities, regulating distances between

gasoline stations among others

3. Public safety. Requiring a license to drive a motor vehicles,

authorizing demolition of buildings or improvements of which constitutes a fire

hazard

4. Public health. Proving paternity and maternity leave for working men

and women, regulating the medical profession

2. Power of Eminent Domain. Power to take private property for public use upon

payment of just compensation. Private properties that are affected will be paid by

government based on existing market value

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 5

 -Who may exercise. Congress, President, local legislative bodies, public

corporations (Land Registration Authority MWSS, quasi-republic corporations (PNR,

PLDT, MERALCO)

-Requisites of taking private property

Necessity Private property

Cost of acquisition Current value of properties

Actual and potential uses Just compensation

Size, shape, and location Tax declaration

3. Power of Taxation

 To impose and collect revenues

 Money is generated from the people in the form of different taxes shall be

used in the operations of government for infrastructure programs and other

expenditures

 Revenues collected shall go back to the people in the form of services

Purpose and importance of Taxation

 To raise revenues

 Use to carry out national objective or social and economic development

 Unavoidable obligation of the government to protect the people from

extending them benefits in the form of public projects and services

B. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY (MELC):

Analyze the nature, dimensions/types, and consequences of power

LEARNING COMPETENCIES

The learners…

1. define power (HUMSS_PG12-Id-11)

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 6

 2. recognize the nature, dimensions, types, and consequences of power

(HUMSS_PG12-Id-12)

3. analyze the nature, dimensions, types, deployments, and consequences

of power (HUMSS_PG12-Id-13); and

4. assess how power is exercised in different situations (HUMSS_PG12-Id-

14).

C. INSTRUCTIONS:

This Learning Activity Sheets was prepared based on the Most Essential

Learning Competencies (MELC) and Learning Competencies presented by

Department of Education. Included here are activities to be answered for week 3.

Carefully answer each activities and provide another paper if it is necessary.

START OF LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Activity 1. “Let’s Review”

Answer the following:

1. What political ideology in your society (or in general) do you like most?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

2. In one sentence, describe that ideology.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

3. Why do you like this certain ideology?

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 7

 ___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

4. What political ideology in your society (or in general) do you dislike?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

5. Why do you not like this certain ideology? What aspect of this ideology do

you dislike?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Activity 2. “POWER!”

Determine the situations where there is clear use of power as defined in political

science. Check those statements that present a clear use of power and put an X

mark on those that do not present a clear use of power.

______1. Your mother ask to buy flour in the bakery.

______2. Agnes tries to escape a building on fire by breaking the windows

using her ukulele.

______3. The teacher asks the class to return immediately the classroom

globe to its proper place.

______4. Protesters on the streets forced the police to direct traffic into an

alternate route.

______5. The President made sure that his constituents were happy by giving

away cash gifts and other goods during Christmas.

______6. The stage director decided to kick the lead actor out of the play after

72 retakes.

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 8

 ______7. The 1986 EDSA People Power Revolution displayed unity of the

people in ousting a tyrant.

______8. You got into a heated argument after someone accidentally spilled

coffee on your pants while you were on a café.

Activity 3. Answer the following questions on the space provided.

1. If you were to quantify power in political science, what would your equation

look like? Explain your answer.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

2. How will you use the different types of power to affect the behavior of other

people (e.g., your classmates or group mates during debates, group

projects, school programs)?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

3. Power can corrupt individual. How can a person avoid being corrupted by

power or abuse of power given to him/her?

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 9

 ___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Activity 4. “FOR INSTANCE…”

Give instances where each types of power as discussed is expressed.

1. Compulsory Power

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

2. Institutional Power

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

3. Structural Power

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

4. Productive Power

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Activity 5. “I-DRAW-MO-TO”

Draw a scenario wherein each stated inherent power of a state is manifested.

Do your illustration in each box provided. Explain each illustration.

Police Power

_________________________

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 10

 Power of Eminent Domain

____________________________

Power of Taxation

____________________________

Activity 6. “PALM IT!”

List down the consequences of using one’s power

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 11

Activity 7. “The BIR Power”

Cite at least five importance why this Bureau has to exist in our country and has to

exercise well its power.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bureau_of_Internal_Revenue_(BIR).svg

1. ______________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________

Activity 8. “What If…”

In box 1, identify a person who has power over you; in box 2, a person whom you

have power over. Describe what would happen if one does not respect power or

misuses it. Write your answer on the lines beside the boxes.

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 12

 ___________________________
1.
___________________________

___________________________

___________________________
YOU

__________________________

2. __________________________

__________________________

__________________________

Activity 9. A PROPOSAL

Make a proposal for a simple method of controlling or checking the power of the

government to stop corruption.

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

________________________________________

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 13

Activity 10. “TELL ME YOUR STORY”

People of authority has their regulated power over us. Submission towards them is a

wonderful manifestation that we respect their authority and power. Now, narrate a

story in your life wherein you submit to a certain authority. He/ She is may be

someone in your house, school, barangay or in your workplace. How did you feel

after you obey him/her?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Activity 11. Research Time

Cite three things that made him a notable person in history and politics.

1. _______________________________

_______________________________

2. _______________________________

_______________________________

MAHATMA GANDHI PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 14

 3. _______________________________

_______________________________

Activity 12. My Learnings

Summarize what you have learned in this lesson in three to five sentences.

Provide two or three sentences for your opinion on the use of power.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

Assessment

A. Identify what is being asked in every item. Write your answer on the

space provided before each number.

__________1. The other term for Inherent powers of the state

__________2. Power of the state to enact and enforce laws and to regulate property

and liberty in the promotion of the general welfare of the people

__________3. Power to take private property for public use upon payment of just

compensation

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 15

__________4. To impose and collect revenues

__________5. Who may exercise power of eminent domain?

__________6. Type of power that has a direct control of one actor of the conditions

and actions of another

__________7. Type of power that has a position and the roles of various actors in

relation to each other

__________8. An example of Police Power that punishes public scandal, vagrancy

and prostitution, prohibiting illegal gambling

__________9. In society, it is the ability of person or institution to do something that

they cannot do

_________10. Type of power that looks to the position and the roles of various

actors in relation to each other

B. True or False

Direction: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is

wrong

1. Power should be used for personal necessities only

2. The power to take private property for public use and with just compensation

is called Power of Eminent Domain

3. Power of the state to enact and enforce laws and to regulate property and

liberty in the promotion of the general welfare of the people is called Police

Power

4. Power of Taxation is the ability of the state to collect and impose taxes.

5. Police and Military personnel can exercise Power of Eminent Domain

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 16

 C. Power Up

Direction: Examine the following items if it is a power inherited by the State. Write

POWER if you think this is a power of the State and write NO, if it is not.

________1. Police Power

________2. Power of Justice

________3. Power of Eminent Domain

________4. Power of Taxation

________5. Peoples’ Power

REFLECTION:

I understand that

______________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________.

I realize that

______________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________.

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 17

 -END OF LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS FOR WEEK 3-

References:

Pawilen, R.A. 2017 and Pawilen, Reidan M. 2017. Philippine Politics and

Governance (First Edition).

Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Bookstore, Inc.

www.google.com

Bravo, Juan Gabriel R. DepEd ADM- SDO Cavite Province

Nael, M. & Rivas, D. (2010), Politics, Governance and the Philippine Constitution,

Rex book store

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-

of-the-philippines/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines-article-x/

https://www.ducksters.com/history/us_legislative_branch.php

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 18

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVRNANCE I JULIET SILANG 1