Perencanaan Plat

Perencanaan Plat Atap Mutu Beton fc´ = 22

Tebal plat atap direncanakan 10 cm 100 mm Mutu baja fy = 320
Pembebanan pelat atap menjadi b = 0.85
Beban mati
Beban sendiri 0.10 x 2400 = 240
Spesi 0.02 x 2200 = 44
Plafond = 11
Penggantung langit - langit = 7 +

WD = 302 Kg/m
Beban hidup WL = 100 Kg/m
Beban Terfaktor
Wult = 1.2 WD + 1.6 WL
= 1.2 x 302 + 1.6 x 100
= 522.4 Kg/m
1,4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.0044
fy 320
0,85 . b . fy 600
rbalance = x
fy 600 + fy
= 0.85 x 0.85 x 22 600
x
320 600 + 320
= 0.049671875 x 0.65
= 0.032394701087
rmax = 0.75 x rbalance
= 0.75 x 0.032
= 0.0243
dx = h - p - ½ x tulangan utama
= 100 - 20 - 0.5 x 10
= 80 - 5
= 75 mm
dy = h - p - x x ½y
= 100 - 20 - 10 - 0.5 x 10
= 65 mm
 Ly 4.38
C = = = 1.46
Lx 3.00

koefisien momen :
Ctx = 76
Cty = 57
Clx = 36
Cly = 17

Momen arah X
Mtx = Wult x Lx x Ctx
= -0.001 x 522.4 x 9 x 76
= -357.3216 kgm
Mlx = Wult x Lx x Clx
= 0.001 x 522.4 x 9 x 36
= 169.2576 kgm
Momen arah X
Mty = Wult x Lx x Cty
= -0.001 x 522.4 x 9 x 57
= -267.99 kgm
Mly = Wult x Lx x Cly
= 0.001 x 522.4 x 9 x 17
= 79.9272 kgm
penulangan arah X pada tumpuan
Mult = 357.3216 kgm = 3573216 Nmm
= Mult
Rn
= 0.8 1000 dx
= 3573216.00
= 0.8 1000 5625
= 0.794048
fy
m =
0.85 fc
= 320
= 0.85 22
= 17.11229946524
 1 2 m Rn
rperlu = 1 - 1 -
m fy

1 2 17.112 0.79405
1 - 1 -
17.11229946524 320

= 0.0584375 1- 1- 0.0849

= 0.0584375 1 - 0.92

= 0.0584375 1 - 0.96
= 0.00253644651
rperlu < rmin, maka dipakai rmin = 0.0044
As perlu = r. b . d
0.0044 1000 75
328.125 mm
Dipakai tulangan 10 - 150 (As pasang = 523,33 mm)
Penulangan arah Y pada tumpuan
Mult = 267.9912 kgm = 2679912 Nmm
= Mult
Rn
= 0.8 1000 dy
= 2679912.00
= 0.8 1000 4225
= 0.792873372781
fy
m =
0.85 fc
= 320
= 0.85 22
= 17.11229946524

1 2 m Rn
rperlu = 1 - 1 -
m fy

1 2 17.112 0.79287
1 - 1 -
17.11229946524 320

= 0.0584375 1- 1- 0.0848

= 0.0584375 1 - 0.92
 = 0.0584375 1 - 0.96
= 0.002532609378
rperlu < rmin, maka dipakai rmin = 0.0044
As perlu = r. b . d
0.0044 1000 65
284.38 mm
Dipakai tulangan 10 - 150 (As pasang = 523,33 mm)
MPa
MPa
Perencanaan Plat Lantai
Perencanaan Plat LantaiType A Mutu Beton fc´
Perencanaan Plat Lantai 120 mm Mutu baja fy
Pembebanan pelat atap menjadi b
Beban mati
Berat sendiri plat 0.12 x 2400 = 288
Pasir 0.02 x 1600 = 32
Spesi 0.02 x 2200 = 44
Plafond 11 = 11
Tegel keramik 0.01 x 2400 = 24
Penggantung langit - langit 7 = 7 +

WD = 406 Kg/m
Beban hidup WL = 250 Kg/m
Beban Terfaktor
Wult = 1.2 WD + 1.6 WL
= 1.2 x 406 + 1.6 x 250
= 887.2 Kg/m
1,4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.0044
fy 320
0,85 . b . fy 600
rbalance = x
fy 600 + fy
= 0.85 x 0.85 x 22 600
x
320 600 + 320
= 0.049671875 x 0.65
= 0.032394701087
rmax = 0.75 x rbalance
= 0.75 x 0.032
= 0.0243
dx = h - p - ½ x tulangan utama
= 120 - 20 - 0.5 x 10
= 100 - 5
= 95 mm
dy = h - p - x x ½y
= 120 - 20 - 10 - 0.5 x 10
= 85 mm
 Ly 4.38
C = = = 1.46
Lx 3.00

koefisien momen :
Ctx = 76
Cty = 57
Clx = 36
Cly = 17

Momen arah X
Mtx = Wult x Lx x Ctx
= -0.001 x 887.2 x 9 x 76
= -606.8448 kgm
Mlx = Wult x Lx x Clx
= 0.001 x 887.2 x 9 x 36
= 287.4528 kgm
Momen arah Y
Mty = Wult x Lx x Cty
= -0.001 x 887.2 x 9 x 57
= -455.13 kgm
Mly = Wult x Lx x Cly
= 0.001 x 887.2 x 9 x 17
= 135.7416 kgm
penulangan arah X pada tumpuan
Mult = 606.8448 kgm = 6068448 Nmm
= Mult
Rn
= 0.8 1000 dx
= 6068448.00
= 0.8 1000 9025
= 0.840505263158
fy
m =
0.85 fc
= 320
= 0.85 22
= 17.11229946524
 1 2 m Rn
rperlu = 1 - 1 -
m fy

1 2 17.112 0.84050526316
1 - 1 -
17.11229946524 320

= 0.0584375 1- 1- 0.09

= 0.0584375 1 - 0.91

= 0.0584375 1 - 0.95
= 0.002688419364
rperlu < rmin, maka dipakai rmin = 0.0044
As perlu = r. b . d
0.0044 1000 95
415.625 mm
Dipakai tulangan 10 - 125 (As pasang = 628 mm)
Penulangan arah Y pada tumpuan
Mult = 455.1336 kgm = 4551336 Nmm
= Mult
Rn
= 0.8 1000 dx
= 4551336.00
= 0.8 1000 7225
= 0.787428373702
fy
m =
0.85 fc
= 320
= 0.85 22
= 17.11229946524

1 2 m Rn
rperlu = 1 - 1 -
m fy

1 2 17.112 0.7874283737
1 - 1 -
17.11229946524 320

= 0.0584375 1- 1- 0.084

= 0.0584375 1 - 0.92
 = 0.0584375 1 - 0.96
= 0.002514825741
rperlu < rmin, maka dipakai rmin = 0.0044
As perlu = r. b . d
0.0044 1000 85
371.88 mm
Dipakai tulangan 10 - 125 (As pasang = 628 mm)
 = 22 MPa
= 320 MPa
= 0.85

n utama
0.84050526316

0.7874283737
Perhitungan Beban Akibat Gaya Gravitasi
Perhitungan Pembebanan Pelat Atap
Beban Mati
Berat Sendiri 0.10 x 2400 = 240 Kg/m
Spesi 0.02 x 2200 = 44 Kg/m
Plafond = 11 Kg/m
Penggantung Langit - Langit = 7 Kg/m
qd = 302 Kg/m
Beban hidup untuk atap ql = 100 Kg/m
Lx = 3.00 m
Ly = 4.38 m
Beban segitiga
Beban mati
1
qD2 =
3
X q X Lx
1
qD2 = X 302 X 3.00
3
= 302.00 Kg/m
Beban hidup untuk atap
1
qD2 =
3
X q X Lx
1
qD2 = X 100 X 3.00
3
= 100.00 Kg/m
Beban trapesium
Beban mati

1 1 Lx
qD1 =
2
X q X Lx 1 - 3 Ly

1 1 3.00
qD1 =
2
X 302 X 3.00 1 - 3 4.38
1 
= 453 X 1 - 3
X 0.68

= 453 X 0.845
= 382.87 Kg/m

Beban trapesium
Beban hidup

1 1 Lx
qL1 =
2
X q X 3 1 - 3 Ly

1 1 3.00
qL1 =
2
X 100 X 3 1 - 3 4.38
 1 
= 150 X 1 - 3
X 0.68

= 150 X 0.845
= 126.778 Kg/m
Pada As 2,3,4,5
qD = 382.87 x 2 = 765.73916307 Kg/m
qL = 126.78 x 2 = 253.55601426 Kg/m
Pada As 1,6
qD = 382.87 = 382.87 Kg/m
qL = 126.78 = 126.78 Kg/m
Pada As A dan E
qD = 302 = 302 Kg/m
qL = 100 = 100 Kg/m
Pada As B,C,D
qD = 302 x 2 = 604 Kg/m
qL = 100 x 2 = 200 Kg/m



Perhitungan Beban Akibat Gaya Gravitasi
Perhitungan Pembebanan Pelat Atap
Beban Mati
Berat Sendiri plat 0.12 x 2400 = 288 Kg/m
Pasir 0.02 x 1600 = 32 Kg/m
Tegel Kramik 0.01 x 2400 = 24 Kg/m
Spesi 0.02 x 2200 = 44 Kg/m
Plafond = 11 Kg/m
Penggantung Langit - Langit = 7 Kg/m
WD = 406 Kg/m
Beban hidup untuk atap WL = 250 Kg/m
Lx = 3.00 m
Ly = 4.38 m
Beban segitiga
Beban mati
1
qD2 =
3
X q X Lx
1
qD2 = X 406 X 3.00
3
= 406 Kg/m
Beban hidup untuk atap
1
qD2 =
3
X q X Lx
1
qD2 = X 250 X 3.00
3
= 250 Kg/m
Beban trapesium
Beban mati

1 1
qD1 =
2
X q X Lx 1 - 3

1 1
qD1 =
2
X 406 X 3.00 1 - 3
1 
= 609 X 1 - 3
X 0.68

= 609 X 0.845
= 514.719 Kg/m

Beban trapesium
Beban hidup

1 1
qL1 =
2
X q X 3 1 - 3
 1 1
qL1 =
2
X 250 X 3 1 - 3
1 
= 375 X 1 - 3
X 0.68

= 375 X 0.845
= 316.945 Kg/m
Beban dinding 4 = 4 x 250 = 1000 Kg/m
Pada As 2,3,5
qD = 514.72 x 2 = 1029.437417902 Kg/m
qL = 316.95 x 2 = 633.890035654 Kg/m
Pada As 1,6
qD = 514.72 + 1000 = 1514.72 Kg/m
qL = 316.95 = 316.95 Kg/m
Pada As A dan E
qD = 406 + 1000 = 1406 Kg/m
qL = 250 = 250 Kg/m
Pada As B,C,D
qD = 406 x 2 = 812 Kg/m
qL = 250 x 2 = 500 Kg/m
Lx 
Ly

3.00 
4.38

Lx 
Ly
3.00 
4.38
Data - Data
Tinggi rancana (h) = 500 mm
Lebar rencana (b) = 300 mm
Mutu beton (fc) = 22 Mpa
Mutu baja ulir (fy) = 320 Mpa
Mutu baja polos (fy) = 240 Mpa
Tulangan pokok = 16 mm
Sengkang = 10 mm
Tinggi efektif (d) = h - d' -  sengkang
- ½ x D tulangan utama
= 500 - 30 - 10 - 8
= 452 mm

Dari hasil analisis struktur diperoleh :

Mu = 13859 Kg/m (Tumpuan)
= 13859 x 10
= 138590000 Nmm
Mn = Mu/q
= 17323.75 Kg/m
17323.75 x 10^4
173237500 Nmm

Vu = 12983 kg ( hasil analisis struktur bidang D )

1,4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.0044
fy 320

0,85 . b . fy 600
rbalance = x
fy 600 + fy
= 0.85 x 0.85 x 22 600
x
320 600 + 320
= 0.049671875 x 0.65
= 0.03239
 rmax = 0.75 x rbalance
= 0.75 x 0.03239
= 0.024
= Mult
Rn
= 0.8 b dx
= 138590000
= 0.8 300 204304
= 2.826
fy
m =
0.8 fc
= 320
= 0.85 22
= 17.11

1 2 m Rn
rperlu =
m
1 - 1 -
fy

1 2 17.112 2.826
=
17.11
1 - 1 -
240

= 0.0584375 x 1 - 0.77262

= 0.0584375 x 0.227382

= 0.013287624

ρperlu > ρ min, maka dipakai ρ perlu 0.013288

As perlu = ρ.b.d
= 0.013287624 300 452
= 1801.80183 mm2

Dipakai tulangan 5D 16 (As pasang = 1004,8 mm2

Tulangan tekan diambil 50% As perlu = 900.9009 digunakan 3D16 ( As = 602,88 mm2

Tulangan Geser
Vult = 12983 kg ( hasil Analisis struktur bidang D )
= 129830 N

Vc = 1 fc b d
6
= 1 22 300 452
6
= 0.166666667 4.6904 300 452
= 106003 N

1/2 Ф Vc = 0.5 0.75 106003.4 = 39751.3 N

Karena Vu = 129830 N > 1/2 Ф Vc = 39751.3 N maka sengkang perlu dihitung
Sengkang dipakai ϴ 10 mm

Av = 1 3.14 10 2
4
= 157 mm2

Vs = Vn - Vc = Vu/ϴ - VC
= 56284.10 N

Sperlu = Av fy d
Vs
= 157 240 452
56284
= 302.6 mm

Smaks = d
2
 = 452
2
= 226 mm

maka dipakai tulangan geser ϴ10 - 200 mm

Untuk daerah lapangan hasil analisis struktur diperoleh :
Mu = 15161 kg.m ( hasil analisis struktur bidang M )
= 151610000 Nmm

Mn = Mu/ϴ
= 189512500 Nmm

1,4 1.4
rmin = = = 0.0044
fy 320
0,85 . b . Fc 600
rbalance = x
fy 600 + fy
= 0.85 x 0.85 x 22 600
x
320 600 + 320
= 0.049671875 x 0.65
= 0.03239
rmax = 0.75 x rbalance
= 0.75 x 0.032395
= 0.024

= Mult
Rn
= 0.8 b dx
= 151610000
= 0.8 300 204304
= 3.092
fy
m =
0.85 fc
= 320
 = 0.85 22
= 17.11

1 2 m Rn
rperlu =
m
1 - 1 -
fy

1 2 17.112 3.092
=
17.112
1 - 1 -
240

= 0.0584375 x 1 - 0.74771

= 0.0584375 x 0.252288

= 0.014743

ρperlu > ρ min, maka dipakai ρ perlu 0.014743

As perlu = ρ.b.d
= 0.014743 300 452
= 1999.1638 mm2

Dipakai tulangan 3D16( As pasang= 602,88 mm

Untuk balok yang lain dilakukan perhitungan sendiri
PERHITUNGAN KOLOM
Kolom Struktur K1
Tinggi Rencana (h) = 350 mm
Lebar Rencana (b) = 350 mm
Tinggi Kolom (t) = 4000 mm
Tulangan Utama = D16
Tulangan Geser = ϴ10
Mutu Beton ( fc ) = 22 Mpa
Mutu Baja ( fy ) = 320 Mpa

Hasil analisis as struktur diperoleh :

Pu = 50416 kg = 504.16 KN
Mu 2 = 1314 kg.m
Mu 1 = 650 kg.m
Vu = 491 kg

Kontrol kelangsingan Kolom A1

k.λu < 34 - 12 M1
r M2

0.5 4000 < 34 - 12 6500000

0.3 300 13140000

22.222222 < 28.06393

Maka termasuk jenis kolom pendek

e = Mult = 13140000 = 26.06315 mm
Pu 50416
e min = 15 + 0.003 x h
= 15 + 0.003 x 350
= 16.05
e > e min maka digunakan e

Dipakai tulangan utama 3D16 = 602.88 mm2

ρ = As Pakai
b d
= 602.88 = 0.007 ( perkiraan sekitar 0,5 % )
350 252

Memeriksa Pu terhadap beban pada keadaan seimbang ф Pnb

Cb = 600 x d
600 + fy
= 600 x 252
600 + 320
= 164.35 mm
 ab = β1 x Cb
= 0.85 x 164.35
= 139.7 mm

fs' = Es x Ɛs'
= 200000 0.003 164.35 - 48
164.35
= 424.76 Mpa > fy = 320 Mpa
Maka selanjutnya didalam perhitungan digunakan fs' = fy'
ⱷPnb = ⱷ 0.85 fc' ab b
= 0.65 0.85 22 139.7 0.35
= 594.30 KN > Pu= 504.16 KN

Maka kolom hancur dengan diawali dengan hancur tarik

cek kekuatan penampang kolom
ρ = 0.007
m = fy
0.85 fc
= 320
0.85 22
= 17.112

h - 2e = 350 - 2 x 26.06
2d 2 x 252
= 0.591

1 - d' = 1 - 48
d 252
= 0.810

Pn = 0.85 x fc' x b x dx h - 2e + h - 2e 2 + 2.m.ρ

1
2d 2d

= 0.85 22 350 252 0.591 + 0.591 ^2 +

= 1649340 x 1.324969
= 2185324 N = 2185.3241 KN
фPnb = 0.65 x 2185.324
= 1420.461
= 1420.461 KN > Pu = 504.16

Maka ukuran penampang kolom ( K1 ) 350 x 350 dapat dipergunakan

Tulangan Geser Kolom Utama K1

Nu = 50416 kg = 504160 N
Vu = 491 kg = 4910 N
 Ag = b.h
= 350 350
= 122500 mm2

Vc = Nu 1 fc . B . d
1 + x
14 Ag 6

= 504160 1 22 350
1 + x
14 122500 6

= 1 + 0.293971 x 0.166667 x 4.69 X 350

= 1 + 0.293971 x 0.781736 x 350 x 252
= 89218.14 N
Vs = Vu
- vc
ⱷ
= 4910
- 89218
0.75
= -82671.47

Jarak Sengkang
S = 16xD = 16 16 = 256 mm
S = 48x5 = 48 10 = 480 mm
S = dimensi kolom terkecil = 300
Jarak sengkang diambil = 150 mm

Maka dipakai tulangan geser ( sengkang ) ϴ 10 - 150 mm

 d'
-
d

2 17.112 0.007 0.810

252

X 252