Some Techniques for Literature Review:

1. Looking for Similarities (Compare); the technique of doing a review by looking for similarities

among some literature & conclusions drawn.

2. Looking for Inequality (Contrast); the technique of doing a review by finding

differences among some literature & conclusions.

3. Provide Views (Criticize); the technique of doing a review by making an opinion

itself against the source being read.

4. Comparing (Synthesize); the technique of doing a review by combining several

source into a new idea.

5. Summarize (Summarize); the technique of doing a review by rewriting the source

with his own sentence.

The types and methods used by researchers to conduct literature reviews or literature reviews and then
summarize them in a paper are generally divided into four:

1. Traditional Review

2. Systematic Mapping Study (Scoping Study)

3. Systematic Literature Review or Systematic Review

4. Tertiary Study

Traditional review is a literature review method that is commonly used by researchers, and the results
are mostly found in existing survey papers.

Systematic mapping study is a systematic literature review method using predetermined stages.

Systematic literature review or often abbreviated as SLR or in Indonesian is called systematic literature
review is a literature review method that identifies, assesses, and interprets all findings on a research
topic, to answer pre-determined research questions (Kitchenham & Charters, 2007).

Tertiary Study is SLR from SLR. Using the same method as SLR, the difference is that if SLR discusses one
research topic, the tertiary study is broader, because it discusses one field of research.

Sources - Sources of literature review

1. Publication of papers in national and international journals

2. Thesis (S2), a scientific writer who is in-depth and reveals a new knowledge obtained through
research

3. Dissertation (S3), is a high-level scientific writing to get a Doctor of Philosophy (ph.D). The dissertation
contains facts in the form of findings from the author based on methods and analysis that can be
maintained
4. Journal, the results of the conference. Journals are usually used as the main citation material in
research because journals contain new information that is specific and focuses on solving problems on a
research topic

5. Magazines, pamphlets, clippings. Scientific magazines are a source of publications which are usually in
the form of theories, new discoveries or in the form of material that is currently popularly discussed and
researched

6. Abstract of research results

7. Proceedings. Taking proceedings as literature material can make it easier for researchers because of
the collaboration between researchers and proceeding writers who may be in the same institution,
community, peer group.

8. A website that contains computer science literature such as http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/cs, and others