HKALE BIOLOGY | 7 Gas exchange in humans | P.

1. 1991/IIB/7
Discuss, with reference to plant and animal examples, the problems of gas exchange in multicellular
organisms.
(20 marks)

2. 1995/IIA/1
Compare and contrast gaseous exchange in a human adult and foetus. (6 marks)

3. 2002/IA/6

The chart shows the lung volume changes during breathing. The vital capacity is calculated to be
The vital capacity can be used as an index of pulmonary function because it provided useful information
about the strength of the muscles. A patient suffering from asthma has a greatly
reduced ‘timed vital capacity’ (i.e. vital capacity in a fixed time interval in which the resistance of the
airways is owing to bronchial constriction.
(3 marks)

4. 2006/IIC/7
In mammals, structures responsible for gas exchange between the body and the atmosphere are closely
related to the circulatory system. In terrestrial flowering plants, the corresponding structures for gas
exchange are also closely related to the system for water transport. Write separate accounts of this
relationship in mammals and in terrestrial flowering plants. Comment on the significance of this
relationship in each type of organisms.
(20 marks)
HKALE BIOLOGY | 7 Gas exchange in humans | P.2