UNIT 1 - GAS POWER CYCLE Otto, Diesel, Dual, Brayton, with PV and TS diagrams-

heat supply methods .Calculation of mean effective pressure, and air standard efficiency -
Actual and theoretical PV diagram of four stroke and two stroke engines.
PART-A (2 Marks)
S.N CO Questions Knowledge
o level
1 CO1 Define Air Standard Efficiency. K-1
Air standard efficiency is defined as the ratio of work done
by the cycle to heat supplied to the cycle.
2 CO1 Draw Brayton cycle in TS and PV planes. K-3

3 CO1 Complete the Otto cycle process by its P-V and T-S K-3
planes and name all the processes.

4 CO1 What are the assumptions made in Air Standard Cycles? K-1
(i)The working medium is a perfect gas throught i.e., It
follows the law pv =mRT
(ii)The working medium does not undergo any chemical
change throughout the Cycle.
(iii)The compression and expansion processes ar reversible
adiabatic i.e., There is no loss or gain of entropy.
(iv)The operation of the engine is frictionless.

5 CO1 Write down the major differences between Otto and K-2
Diesel Cycle.
The main difference that separates these two cycles is the
way they supply heat to the engine to begin the ignition.
Another noteworthy difference is that the Otto cycle heat
occurs at constant volume, whereas the diesel cycle works on
6 CO1 K-2
Define mean Effective Pressure. Show that on p-v
diagram. Mean effective pressure is defined as the
constant pressure acting on the piston during the working
stroking. It is also defined as the ratio of work done to the
stroke volume or piston displacement volume

7 CO1 When compression ratio is kept constant, what is the  

effect of cut-off ratio on the efficiency of diesel cycle?
When the cut-off ratio of diesel cycle increases, the air
standard efficiency of the cycle is decreased when
compression ratio is kept constant .
8 CO1 In an Otto cycle, compression ratio is 9. Estimate the air K3
standard cycle efficiency.
= 58.47%

9 CO1 Derive expression for mean effective pressure for diesel K-4
cycle?
W net = MEP x Piston area x Stroke = MEP x
Displacement volume

10 CO1 Point out the Diesel cycle on P-V and T-S planes and K3
mention the four thermodynamic processes involved.

11 CO1 Consider a Diesel engine has a compression ratio of 14 K-5

and cut-off takes place at 6% of the stroke. Find the air
standard efficiency.
12 CO1 Describe with neat sketches of p-v and T-s dual cycle? K-3

13 CO1 Name the factors that affect the air standard efficiency of K-1
diesel cycle.
Compression ratio and cut-off ratio.
14 CO1 Define the terms compression ratio and cut-off ratio. K-1
i) Compression ratio is defined as the ratio between total
cylinder volumes to clearance volume.
(ii) Cut off ratio is defined as the ratio of volume after the
heat addition to volume before the heat addition.

15 CO1 Predict the effect of cut-off ratio on the efficiency of K-2

diesel cycle when the compression ratio is kept constant?
When cut-off ratio of diesel cycle increases, the
efficiency of cycle is decreased when compression ratio
is kept constant and vice versa.

16 CO1 For the same compression ratio and heat supplied, K-1
Identify the order of decreasing air standard efficiency of
Otto, Diesel and Dual cycles. η Otto > η Dual > η Diesel
17 CO1 Express the Brayton cycle (Limited pressure cycle) on P- K2
V and T-S planes and mention the various processes.
1-2 Isentropic Compression (compressor)
2-3 Constant-pressure heat addition
3-4 Isentropic expansion (turbine)
4-1 Constant-pressure heat rejection
18 CO1 A Carnot cycle works between the temperatures 300K K-3
and 700K.Calculate the maximum work possible per Kg
of air.

19 CO1 Draw Actual P-v diagram of two stroke petrol engine.  

20 CO1 Draw Actual P-v diagram of four stroke diesel engine.  

21 CO1 A gas turbine is supplied with gas at 5 bar and 1000 K K-3
and expands it Adiabatically to 1 bar. The mean specific
heat at constant pressure and constant volume are 1.0425
kJ/kg K and 0.7662 kJ/kg K respectively. Calculate the
power developed in kW per kg of gas per second and the
exhaust gas temperature.
22 CO1 An isentropic air turbine is used to supply 0.1 kg/s of air K-3
at 0.1 MN/m2 and at 285 K to a cabin. The pressure at
inlet to the turbine is 0.4 MN/m2. Determine the
temperature at turbine inlet. Assume cp= 1.0 kJ/kg K.

23 CO1 Why ideal cycle varies from actual cycle.? K-2

In reality, the ideal cycle does not occur and there are many
losses associated with each process. For an actual cycle, the
shape of the pV diagram is similar to the ideal, but the area
(work) enclosed by the pV diagram is always less than the
ideal value.
24 CO1 Write any four major differences between Otto and diesel K2
cycle.
Sl.No. Otto cycle Diesel cycle
1 It consists of two It consists of two isentropic, one
isentropic and two constant volume and one constant
constant volume pressure processes.
processes.
2 Heat addition takes place Heat addition takes place of constant
of constant volume. pressure.
3 Compression ratio is equal Compression ratio is greater than
to expansion ratio. expansion ratio.
4 Efficiency is more than Efficiency is less.
diesel cycle for the same
compression ratio and heat
input.

25 CO1 Which cycle is more efficient with respect to the same K2

compression ratio?
For the same compression ratio, Otto cycle is more efficient
than diesel
cycle.