Student Name: Rey Malvin A.

Pallomina Date Performed: May 2017

Section/Group: 4 – 3 Date Submitted: May 29, 2017

Experiment 6: Ohm’s Law

I. Introduction: In this experiment, we will observe on how

varying resistance affect the electrical current,
Atoms are bound by strong force of and the potential difference of the circuit given
attraction but when the components of atoms a constant resistance and a voltage source.
(proton, neutron, electron) are separated, it II. Methods:
creates a potential difference. If this was A. Relationship Between Current and
enclosed inside a closed circuit, these loose Resistance
electrons will be pushed and start to move
creating an electron flow. This flow of electrons Measure first the values of the given
is called an electrical current, but this flow can unknown resistors, R1 to R7. Construct the
be restricted by the materials these electrons circuit using R1, as shown below:
flow through. This restriction is called
resistance.
Potential difference or voltage (V) is the
energy of an electrical supply and is thought to
be the force that moves the electrons through a
conductor. Electrical current, or current (I) is a
continuous movement or flow of electrons
around a closed circuit that are being pushed by
the voltage source. Resistance (R), is the
capacity of material to resist an electrical flow Set and keep the power supply constant
of current inside a circuit. Resistors are the at 3V. Measure the current reading by
circuit element that causes resistance in a using the ammeter and the volt reading
circuit. across the resistor. Replace the resistor R 1
to R2. And measure again the
The linear relationship between the corresponding current and voltage
voltage across a circuit element and the reading. Repeat the procedure for the
electrical current flowing through it is the resistors R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7.
Ohm’s Law. Mathematically, Ohm’s law is
described as: B. Relationship Between Current and
Voltage
V = IR,
Setup the circuit using R2, shown below:
which implies that, for a resistor with constant
resistance, the current flowing through it is
proportional to the voltage across it. If the
voltage is held constant, then the current is
inversely proportional to the resistance. If the
voltage polarity is reversed (that is, if the
applied voltage is negative instead of positive),
the same current flows but in the opposite
direction.
 resistance values. Showing an inverse
Set the power supply to 3V. Slide the relationship between current and resistance, as
rheostat slider at full length to allow the resistance increases the lesser the current
minimum current. Record the ammeter value, thus indicating lower electrical current
and voltmeter readings. Adjust the slider passes through the circuit.
to a new location and record the readings. B. Relationship Between Current and
Repeat the procedure until ten sets of Voltage
data is obtained.
The data in the second part of the experiment
III. Results and Discussion: shows the variation of the resistance due to
A. Relationship Between Current and rheostat slider. Varying current and resistance
Resistance were observed as the position of the rheostat
slider was changed.
Ω V I
R1 75 0.81 12 We observe that there is a direct relationship
R2 550 0.98 1.47 between the voltage and the electrical current.
R3 180 0.90 5.8 As the voltage increases its equivalent current
R4 250 0.95 3.5 value also increases.
R5 300 0.95 2.32
R6 120 0.89 6.4
R7 2000 1.2 0.46
Table 1
The data for the first part of the
experiment shows the varying sets of resistance
with its equivalent values of voltage and
current. Considering the Ohm’s law equation, to
find the relationship between the current and
resistance we rewrite the equation:
V Figure 4: Current I plotted against its corresponding
V = IR to I =
R voltage V

By rewriting the equation, current I can IV. Conclusion:

be described as the product of voltage V and
the reciprocal of resistance R. Ohm’s law gives us an insight on how the
relationship of the three elements of a circuit
works: voltage, current, and resistance.
Electrical current flow can be controlled base on
resistance and voltage. Increasing the resistance
inside a circuit will decrease the electrical
current flow and if we add more voltage in a
circuit, it will increase the current flow of the
circuit.

Figure 3: Current I plotted against the reciprocal of V. References:

Resistance R

Figure 3 shows the values of the current

being plotted against its corresponding
Freedman, R. A., & Young, H. D. (2008).
University physics: with modern physics (12th
ed.). Harlow: Addison-Wesley.