SHS

CORE SUBJECT

21st Century Literature

from the Philippines
and the World

Quarter 1
Module 2: 21st Century and
Traditional Literary
Genre
21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World- SHS (Core Subject) Quarter
1 – Module 2: Literary Genres Before and Now

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that no copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Development Team of the Module

Compiler: Desiree Y. Perales, MT I, Lahug Night High School

Editors: Roquesa B. Sabejon, PSDS, North District 7

Rex C. Ebarle, MT I, Cebu City National Science High School
Gina M. Panes, TIII, Cebu City National Science High School
Dennis Jay L. Tecson, TII, Alaska Night High School

Management Team:
Rhea Mar A. Angtud, Schools Division Superintendent
Danilo G. Gudelosao, Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Grecia F. Bataluna, Curriculum Implementation Division Chief

Norman R. Gabales, EPSvr-English

Vanessa L. Harayo, EPSvr-LRMS

Printed in the Philippines by DepEd Cebu City Division, Region VII

Office Address: Imus Avenue, Cebu City
Telefax: (032) 255-1516 / (032) 253-9095
E-mail Address: cebu.city@deped.gov.ph

SHS
CORE SUBJECT
 21st Century Literature
from the Philippines
and the World

Quarter 1
Module 2: 21st Century and
Traditional Literary
Genre

Pretest
Directions: Read the following and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. It is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language.

a. Drama b. Essay c. Novel d. Poetry

2. It is a form mainly ascribed to be composed freely and does not have any measurement
scheme.
a. Drama b. Essay c. Poetry d. Prose

(For items No. 3-8) Identify the literary genre of the following titles:

3. “How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife” – Manuel E. Arguilla

 a. Drama b. Short story c. Novel d. Poem

4. “El Filibusterismo” - Jose Rizal

a. Drama b. Novel c. Poem d. Short story

5. “Romeo and Juliet” - William Shakespeare

a. Novel b. Poem c. Short story d.Tragedy
6. “What is an Educated Filipino” - Francisco Benitez
a. Drama b. Essay c. Novel d. Short story

7. “Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland” - Lewis Caroll

a. Drama b. Essay c. Novel d. Short story

8. “Biag ni Lam-ang” - (anonymous)

a. Drama b. Essay c. Novel d. Poem
9. What literary elements express the message, point of view and idea of the poem.
a. Style b. Symbol d. Theme d. Rhyme

10. It is a story written to be acted out on stage.

a. Drama b. Essay c. Novel d. Poem

11. An online journal where you can share your thoughts about a particular subject.

a. Blog b. Hyperpoetry c. Manga d. Textula

12. What Philippine literary period centered on Christian faith, lives of saints, hymns, miracles,
and invocations based on the teachings of the Catholic church?

a. American b. Japanese c. Pre-colonial d. Spanish

13. The picture below is an example of which 21st century literary genre?

SA CEBU, ADUNAY MENTAL HEALTH TRAINING KARONG ABRIL 27

Apr 22, 2019 | Kalihokan | 0 |

Karong umaabot Sabado, dinhi sa Sugbo, adunay pagahimoon nga Mental Health First
Response training/seminar alang sa mga gustong makahibawo unsaon pagtabang sa atong
mga igsoong adunay mental health crisis.
Usa ka adlaw nga seminar alang sa gustong makabaton og certificate ug makat-on sa
professional sa training unsaon pag-intervene panahon sa nagkalain-laing sitwasyon.

a. BLog b. Chick lit c. Hyperpoetry d. Textula

14. A story about a person’s life written by someone else which involves more than just the
basic facts like education, work, relationships, and death.

a. Autobiography b. Biography c. Historical fiction d. Journal

15. It is a poem produced and shared through the use of a mobile phone’s messaging
application.

a. Blog b. Hyperpoetry c. Manga d. Textula

LESSON
1 21ST CENTURY LITERARY GENRE

What I Need to Know

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

1. identify the different 21st century literary genre; 2.

analyze and explain each 21st century literary genre; and
3. write a poem using one of the 21st century literary genre.

What’s In
Easy Q!
Directions: Read the following questions and write your answer on the space provided.

1. What movie genre did you watch during the Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ)?
___________________________________________________________________

2. What particular scene of the movie shows its genre?

___________________________________________________________________

3. What other movie genre would you like to explore ?

___________________________________________________________________

Day 2

What’s New
One of the developments of technology is the emergence of contemporary literary
forms/genres. The use of internet as a mode to showcase literature has aided in producing
various literary forms including web sharing and reading. The situation of the fast-changing
period of the 21st century has also influenced to the formation of shorter but comprehensive-
packed literary texts.

THE 21ST CENTURY LITERARY GENRE

21st Century Literary Genre refers to work commonly published and shared on the web.
Unlike traditional printed literature, it has features that could only be presented through
multimedia.

1. WATTPAD
➢ is a website or app for readers and writers to publish new user-generated stories in
different genres, including classics, general fiction, historical fiction, non-fiction,
poetry, fan-fiction, spiritual, humor, LGBTQI, Young Adult, Urban Paranormal, and
teen fiction

2. BATTLE RAP
➢ also known as rap battling that include bragging, insults and boasting content
➢ battling can occur on recorded albums through rap battle are often recited or
freestyled spontaneously in live battles where MCs will perform on the same stage to
see who has the better verses

3. SPOKEN POETRY
➢ frequently refer to issues of social justice, politics, race, and community
➢ related to slam poetry, spoken word may draw on music, sound, dance, or other
kinds of performance to connect with audiences
4. TEXTULA
➢ is a poem produced and shared through the use of a mobile phone’s messaging
application. Chapters usually consist of 70-100 words each due to a character
limitations on cell phones
➢ these poems are either in the form of a “tanaga,” a Filipino poem consisting of four
lines with seven syllables each with the same rhyme at the end of each line - that is
to say a 7-7-7-7 syllabic verse, with an AABB rhyme scheme

➢ the modern tanaga still uses the 7777 syllable count, but rhymes range from dual
rhyme forms: AABB, ABAB, ABBA; to freestyle forms such as AAAB, BAAA, or ABCD.
Tanagas do not have titles traditionally because the tanaga should speak for itself.
However, moderns can opt to give them titles

https://www.facebook.com/The21stLit/posts/mobile-phone-text-tula-a-particular-example-of-this-poem-is-a-tanaga-a-type-of-f/165393620700763/
5. HYPERPOETRY
➢ sometimes called “CYBERPOETRY, GRAPHIC POETRY” is a new genre of
literature that uses computer screen as medium, rather than the printed page
➢ this type of poetry is very visual, as it oftentimes uses graphics to further convey the
meaning

6. CHICK LIT
➢ is a genre fiction which addresses of modern womanhood, often humorously and light-
heartedly
➢ women are in twenties or thirties and career-women as a protagonist. Mostly set in
urban environment
➢ protagonists are often single usually all end up with someone
7. SPECULATIVE FICTION
➢ is a type of story that deals with observation of the human condition but offers the
experience through a different lens and challenges us to see what tomorrow could be
like or what the mythic past our imagination actually is
➢ it uses the appeal of conspiracy themes, fantasy science, horror, utopian, dystopian,
alternate history, apocalyptic, post-apocalyptic, superhero, supernatural to create
imaginative stories
Examples: Smaller and Smaller Circles by FH Bacatan, Sink by Isabel Yap, The
Secret Origin of Spin-Man by Andrew Drilon
8. FLASH FICTION

➢ is a fictional work of extreme brevity[1] that still

offers character and plot development

➢ identified varieties, many of them defined by word count, include the six-word story;
the 280-character story (also known as "twitterature"); the "dribble" (also known as
the "minisaga," 50 words); the "drabble" (also known as "micro fiction," 100 words);
"sudden fiction" (750 words); flash fiction (1,000 words); and "micro-story" Example:
For sale: baby shoes, never worn.
9. DOODLE FICTION

➢ is a literary presentation where the author incorporates doodle writing and drawings,
and handwritten graphics in place of traditional font

10. MANGA

➢ is used in an English- speaking world as a generic term for all comic books and graphic
novels originally published in Japan

https://www.google.com/search?q=naruto&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjqq4OV9M_qAhWRNKYKHSchBkwQ_AUoAnoECCUQBA&biw=1346&bih=640#imgrc=ZtSHvLj4FaRNNM S
11. GRAPHIC NOVELS
➢ is a narrative work in which the complete story is conveyed to the reader using comic
form
➢ graphic novel contains a beginning, middle, and end
➢ a graphic novel will offer the type of resolution that one expects from a novel, even if
it is part of a series. This makes a graphic novel longer and more substantive than a
comic book, which is a serialized excerpt from a larger narrative
➢ the obvious distinction between graphic novels and text-based novels is that graphic
novels permit their images to do the vast majority of the storytelling, with dialogue
bubbles and narration boxes to help elaborate the story
➢ graphic novels began to gain traction in literary circles in the late twentieth century,
and they continue to flourish well into the twenty-first century

Here are some landmark books of the genre:

1. Ghost World and Ice Haven by Daniel Clowes

2. Daddy's Girl by Debbie Drechsler
3. The Diary of a Teenage Girl by Phoebe Gloeckner
12. ILLUSTRATED NOVEL

➢ refers to an extended narrative with multiple images that, together with the text,
produce meaning
➢ is not a work graced by a single decorated cover or frontispiece

13. DIGITAL FICTION

➢ is a combination of three medias: book, movie/video, and internet website

14. SCIENCE FICTION

➢ (sometimes shortened to sci-fi or SF) is a genre of speculative fiction that typically

deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts such as advanced science and
technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel universes, and extra terrestrial life

15. BLOG
➢ is an online journal in which you share your thoughts about a particular subject with
readers

SAYON NA ANG PAG-ORDER SA BO’S COFFEE

Jul 30, 2019 | Bisaya Foodie | 0 |
 Nasulbad na kana nga problema sa Bo’s Coffee. Karon dili na nimo kinahanglan
molinya aron mag order. Mamahimo na gani kang mag order bisan wala pa ka kaabot sa
imong paboritong branch ug wala nay kinahanglan pa nga i-install nga bag-ong app (nga
usik ug space sa imong phone).

Pinaagi lang sa Messenger (ug puhon sa Viber ug uban pang messaging apps),
mamahimo na kang mag-order. I-search lang ang “Bo’s Coffee Advance Ordering BOTTY”
sa Messenger ug pili sa pinakaduol nga branch. Pwede na dayon kang mag-order sa
imong paboritong cake ug kape. Pwede kang mobayad pinaagi sa imong debit or credit
card, pwede sad PayMaya. (Sa mosunod nga mga buwan, pwede na sad unya ang
GrabPay ug GCash.) Hinuon, kon gusto gyod ka, pwede sad cash inig abot nimo sa
branch.
Samtang naghuwat sa imong order, kon naa ka sa imong paboritong branch, pwede
na dayon kang mopadayon sa imong gibuhat. Dili na kinahanglan maputol ang inyong
istorya sa imong ka-date o barkada. Wala nay kinahanglan molinya aron makuha ang
inyong order.

What I Can Do
Text Me!
Directions: Create your own textula which is related to CoVid 19 pandemic. Write your output
in the image below.
 What I have Learned
Clozer You & I!
Direction: Complete the text below by adding a word to each gap.

Traditional 21st century literature writing age generation

___________________refers to work commonly published and shared on the web. Unlike

__________ literature, it has features that could only be presented through _____________.

Day 3

What’s More
Task 1

Fly With Me!

Directions: Read the hyperpoem below, and answer the questions that follow. (Note: For
those who have internet connection you can also watch this on this link
(www.group3fleming.wordpress.com)

Watch me Weep: Butterflies

By Lira Kale Pajanillo
 How nice is it to be a butterfly
One that frolics across the garden
Of succulent flowers, all vibrant

One that is admired for the

beauty, Of being nature’s gift to
man Tell me, one pretty butterfly!
Have time for me soon
Tell me next to your admirers
About how it is to be
Adored and paid homage Inside a
glistening crystal glass frame.

1. Who is the persona of the poem?

____________________________________________________________________
2. What are the characteristics of the butterfly in the poem?

3. Explain these lines lifted from the poem.

Adored and paid homage
Inside a glistening crystal glass frame.
____________________________________________________________________

4. Why do you think it is entitled Watch me Weep: Butterflies?

___________________________________________________________________

Task 2

I Heart You!
Directions: Write your own flash fiction inside the figure below and answer the questions that
follow.

1. Who are the characters of your flash fiction?

_____________________________________________________________________

2. What is the theme of your flash fiction?

_____________________________________________________________________

3. What inspires you to write this?

_____________________________________________________________________

4. How will you end your flash fiction?

_____________________________________________________________________

LESSON
2 TRADITIONAL LITERARY GENRE
Day 1

What I Need to Know

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

1. identify the different literary genre;

2. describe the different kinds of traditional literary genre; and

3. compare and contrast the two literary periods.

What’s In
In Box!
Directions: Write brief descriptions of the 21st century literature and traditional literature.
Utilize the space inside the boxes.
 21st Century Literature Traditional Literature

Day 2

What’s New
Traditional Literature encompasses the rituals, customs, superstitions, and manners of a
particular group that are passed orally or in writing from one generation to the next. It is
described as being “a window through which children in today’s world may view cultures of
long ago.” The re telling of a tale may differ from the tale due to the oral traditions. The picture
book versions of traditional literature list the story as being told by, retold by, etc. There is no
actual author.

Traditional literature encompasses books rendered from oral tradition--stories that have been
passed down for ages (Kiefer, 2007)--and as a result are commonly shared throughout the
world. This literature includes folktales, myths, fables, and legends. It has no known author
and stories that have been handed down orally from one generation to the next, with each
storyteller adding slight variations.

MAJOR FORMS OF LITERATURE

I. PROSE
➢ is a form mainly ascribed to be composed freely
➢ this form does not have any measurement scheme for it is known to have a free
flow of sentences

TYPES OF PROSE

1. FICTION
➢ is any work of literature that includes material that is invented or imagined, that is
not a record of things as they actually happened

A. Short Stories
 ➢ is a fictional narrative written in prose which is shorter than a novel

B. Novel
➢ is a long fictional narrative written in prose usually having many
characters and story plots.
Example: Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland - Lewis Caroll

B. 1. Gothic
➢ is one of the earliest forms, and it remains popular today

B. 2 Historical
➢ creates the atmosphere, customs, and events of actual historical
period, and may even include actual historical figures

B. 3. Psychological
➢ explores the complex emotional lives of the characters

➢ other popular forms of the novel include detective stories, spy

thrillers, science fiction, and fantasies

C. Satire
➢ is a literary work which mocks or ridicules the stupidity or vices of individuals,
groups, institutions, or society n general
➢ satires are generally of two sorts: that which is gentle, witty, and amusing,
and that which is forceful, bitterly, and even vicious

D. Parables
➢ are short tales, usually about ordinary, familiar events for which a moral or
religious lesson is drawn

E. Romances
➢ are originally a term used to describe medieval tales dealing with the loves
and adventures of kings, queens, knights and ladies and including unlikely
or supernatural happenings

F. Drama
➢ means a story written to be acted out on stage

F. 1. Comedy
➢ is a literary work, generally amusing which usually ends happily
because the hero or heroine is able to overcome obstacles and get
what he or she wants

F.2. Tragedy
➢ is a literary work dealing with very serious and important themes, in
which a dignified tragic figure meets destruction, usually through
some personal flaws or weaknesses
 F.3. Farce
➢ is a type of comic play in which ridiculous situations and characters,
coarsely wit, and physical buffoonery are used to make us laugh

ELEMENTS OF FICTION
1. CHARACTER

➢ a figure in a literary work (personality, gender, age, etc). E. M. Forester

makes a distinction between flat and round characters
➢ flat characters are types or caricatures defined by a single idea of quality,
whereas round characters have the three-dimensional complexity of real
people

2. PLOT

➢ the major events that move the action in a narrative. It is the sequence of
major events in a story, usually in a cause-effect relation

3. POINT OF VIEW

➢ the vantage point from which a narrative is told

➢ is typically told from a first-person or third-person point of view. In a narrative

told from a first-person perspective, the author tells the story through a
character who refers to himself or herself as "I"

➢ Third –person narratives come in two types: omniscient and limited. An

author taking an omniscient point of view assumes the vantage point of an
all-knowing narrator able not only to recount the action thoroughly and
reliably but also to enter the mind of any character in the work or any time in
order to reveal his or her thoughts, feelings, and beliefs directly to the reader.
An author using the limited point of view recounts the story through the eyes
of a single character (or occasionally more than one, but not all or the narrator
would be an omniscient narrator)

4. SETTING

➢ that combination of place, historical time, and social milieu that provides the
general background for the characters and plot of a literary work

➢ the general setting of a work may differ from the specific setting of an
individual scene or event

5. STYLE

➢ the author’s type of diction (choice of words), syntax (arrangement of words),

and other linguistic features of a work

6. THEME (s)

➢ the central and dominating idea (or ideas) in a literary work

➢ the term also indicates a message or moral implicit in any work of art
2. NON FICTION
➢ is a prose that deals with real events and people
➢ the characters, setting, and actions must conform to what is true
➢ they cannot be manipulated by the imagination of the writers

A. Autobiography
➢ is someone’s account of his or her own life
B. Essay
➢ is a brief examination of a subject in prose, usually expressing personal
or limited view of the topic
Example: “What is an Educated Filipino” - Francisco Benitez

B.1. Narrative
➢ copies the technique of a short story but the stress falls on
the insights gained by the characters

B.2. Descriptive
➢ depicts vivid pictures, either of an experience, an event, an
object or a process

B.3. Speculative
➢ makes assumptions or hypothetical statements on certain
issues like the presence of life in other planets or the stock
exchange

B.4. Scientific
➢ makes philosophies on the essence of grief, joy, death, and
life

B.5. Reflective
➢ analyzes and interprets works of art─ painting, architecture,
sculpture, music, theater, television ─ and highlights their
merits and demerits

B.6. Didactic or Aphoristic

➢ moralizes or preaches if not inspires

B.7. Informative
➢ gives us information of facts that catches one’s fancy

B.8. Editorial
➢ interprets, criticizes, incites, and shapes readers opinion on
the vital issues of the day that affect the national and
international scene
 B.9. Socio-political
➢ presents, questions, and analyzed pressing problems
affecting given society

B.10. Nature
➢ presents the beauty of creation, travel from within and
without to affect and illuminate awareness.
B.11. Character sketch
➢ essay features aspects in the life of a person that will enable
us to understand his psyche better

3. CREATIVE NON FICTION

➢ (also known as literary nonfiction or narrative nonfiction or verfabula) is a genre

of writing that uses literary styles and techniques to create factually accurate
narratives

TYPES OF CREATIVE NON-FICTION

1. PERSONAL ESSAY
➢ is a broad essay that often incorporates a variety of writing styles
➢ most personal essay assignments ask writers to write about an important
person, event or time period in their life
➢ the goal is to narrate this event or situation in a way that the reader can fully
experience and understand

2. MEMOIRS
➢ is a narrative, written from the perspective of the author, about an important part
of their life

3. LITERARY JOURNALISM ESSAY

➢ is a form of nonfiction that combines factual reporting with narrative techniques
and stylistic strategies traditionally associated with fiction
➢ this form of writing can also be called narrative journalism or new journalism

4. AUTOBIOGRAPHY
➢ (from the Greek, αὐτός-autos self + βίος-bios life + γράφειν-graphein to write; also
informally called an autobio) is a self-written account of the life of oneself

5. TRAVEL WRITING

➢ is a form of creative nonfiction in which the narrator's encounters with foreign

places serve as the dominant subject
➢ also called travel literature
6. FOOD WRITING
➢ is a genre of writing that includes recipes, food blogs, food and restaurant
critiques, and print and online medium

7. PROFILES
➢ is a type of feature story and usually focuses on a person and what's important or
interesting about that person at the moment
ELEMENTS OF FICTION
1. CHARACTER

➢ a figure in a literary work (personality, gender, age, etc). E. M. Forester

makes a distinction between flat and round characters

➢ flat characters are types or caricatures defined by a single idea of quality,

whereas round characters have the three-dimensional complexity of real
people

2. PLOT

➢ the major events that move the action in a narrative. It is the sequence of
major events in a story, usually in a cause-effect relation

3. POINT OF VIEW

➢ the vantage point from which a narrative is told

➢ is typically told from a first-person or third-person point of view

➢ in a narrative told from a first-person perspective, the author tells the story
through a character who refers to himself or herself as "I"

➢ third –person narratives come in two types: omniscient and limited

➢ an author taking an omniscient point of view assumes the vantage point of

an all-knowing narrator able not only to recount the action thoroughly and
reliably but also to enter the mind of any character in the work or any time in
order to reveal his or her thoughts, feelings, and beliefs directly to the reader

➢ an author using the limited point of view recounts the story through the eyes
of a single character (or occasionally more than one, but not all or the narrator
would be an omniscient narrator)

4. SETTING

➢ that combination of place, historical time, and social milieu that provides the
general background for the characters and plot of a literary work

➢ the general setting of a work may differ from the specific setting of an
individual scene or event

5. STYLE

➢ the author’s type of diction (choice of words), syntax (arrangement of words),

and other linguistic features of a work
6. THEME (s)

➢ the central and dominating idea (or ideas) in a literary work

➢ the term also indicates a message or moral implicit in any work of art II.

POETRY
➢ is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—
such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings
in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning. (Poetry, n.d.)

1. LYRIC
➢ is a verse usually brief, which focuses on the emotions or thoughts of the speaker.

A. SONNET
➢ is a lyric poem having fourteen rhymed lines usually written in iambic
pentameter

A.1. Petrarchan Sonnet-Italian

➢ has an eight-line beginning called the OCTAVE, and a six-line
conclusion called the SESTET
➢ the feelings expressed in the octave often contract with those
expressed in the sestet. It rimes abba-abba-cde-cde

A.2. Shakespearean Sonnet

➢ English is a lyric poem of lines written in iambic pentameter
with three (3) quatrains and concluding a couplet
➢ It rimes abab-cdcd-efef-gg

B. ELEGY
➢ is a lyric poem which expresses mourning, usually over the death of an
individual. Epitaph is another word for elegy

C. ODE
➢ is a complex and often lengthy lyric poem written in a dignified formal
style on some serious subjects

D. SONG
➢ is a short lyric intended to be sung. It can be secular which has no
religious theme

E. SIMPLE LYRIC
➢ is a short descriptive pictorial or meditative poem
2. NARRATIVE
➢ is a lyric poem that narrates a story
➢ narrative poem can be as long as an epic and it can be as short as a popular
ballad
 2.1. EPIC
➢ is a narrative poem that usually centers on a single important
character who embodies the values of a particular society

2.2. BALLAD
➢ is a narrative poem that depends on regular verse patterns and
strong rhymes for its effect
➢ most ballads have a lot of action and adventure and most are tragic

2.2.1. Folk Ballads

➢ originated as anonymous songs and are passed orally
before being written down

2.2.2 Literary Ballad

➢ is composed by known writers and it may or may not be
sung

3. DRMATIC POETRY
➢ is a poetry in which one or more characters speak

4. DRAMATIC DIALOGUE
➢ is a special kind of dramatic poem

ELEMENTS OF POETRY

Poetic element refers to the set of instruments used to create a poem

1. Alliteration
➢ is two or more words which have the same initial sound
➢ The alliteration may be separated by prepositions.
Examples: Pretty princess. Busy as a bee.
A good cook could cook as much cookies as a good cook
who could cook cookies.

2. Assonance
➢ is a partial rhyme which has the same internal vowel sounds amongst
different words
Examples: The tundra left the man hungry for buns.
"Hear the mellow wedding bells" by Edgar Allan Poe.
3. Metaphor
➢ is a comparison which does not use the words like or as
Examples: "Life is a journey."
The children were flowers grown in concrete gardens.

4. Onomatopoeia
➢ is words that sound like their meaning Examples:
buzz, moo, pow, bang.
The books fell on the table with a loud thump.
5. Repetitions
➢ are repetitions of the same word throughout the poem to emphasize
significance
Examples: “I felt happy because I saw the others were happy and because
I knew I should feel happy, but I wasn’t really happy.”

“Almost nothing was more annoying than having our wasted time
wasted on something not worth wasting it on.”

6. Rhyme
➢ is a repetition of sounds within different words, either end sound, middle
or beginning
Examples: loose goose.

“Had I but lived a hundred years ago

I might have gone, as I have gone this year,
By Warmwell Cross on to a Cove I know,
And Time have placed his finger on me there…”

7. Rhythm
➢ is the flow of words within each meter and stanza Example:

Daffodils – William Wordsworth

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o’er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd, A
host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
8. Simile
➢ is a comparison using the words like or as Examples:
Life is like a box of chocolates.
Watching the show was like watching grass grow.

9. Style
➢ is the way the poem is written
➢ free-style, ballad, haiku, etc. includes length of meters, number of
stanzas along with rhyme techniques and rhythm.
Examples: The sunset fills the entire sky with the lovely deep color of rubies,
setting the clouds ablaze. (Descriptive)

A trip to Switzerland is an excellent experience that you will

never forget, offering beautiful nature, fun, and sun. Book
your vacation trip today.
(Persuasive)
 10. Symbol
➢ is something that represents something else through association,
resemblance or convention

Examples: Red can symbolize blood, passion, danger, or immoral

character.

A ladder can represent the relationship between heaven and

earth or ascension.

11. Theme
➢ is the message, point of view and idea of the poem

Examples: Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet is obviously one of the first

stories that comes to mind – a tragic tale of forbidden love with terrible
consequences.

Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen is another classic example, exploring

the type of love that grows slowly, where there has once been dislike and
misunderstanding.

Day 3

What I Can Do

Complete Me!
Directions: In the Venn Diagram below compare and contrast the 21st century literary genre
and traditional literary genre.
 21st Century Traditional
Literary Literary
Genre Genre
SIMILARITIES

1.
1. 1.
2.
2. 2.

What I have Learned

Fill Me!

Directions: Complete the thought expressed in the text below. Choose your answer from the
terms provided and write them in the gaps.

Lessons society storyteller author

Stories generation
Traditional literature is literature that has no known _________ and _________ that have
been handed down orally from one _____________ to the next, with each____________
adding slight variations. These stories often tell of a culture's customs, values, and beliefs.
These stories include folk, fairy, and tall tales, myths, legends, and fables. They were used to
teach children important_____________ in life and prepare them for ___________. Later the
stories were written down.

Day 4
 What’s More
Task 1

Torn Between Two Poems!

Directions: Read the poems below and answer the questions that follow.

Sonnet 18:
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? by
William Shakespeare
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?
21st Century
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, By Sandra Feldman
And summer’s lease hath all too short a date;
We speak to robots on the phone,
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; And our computers are our home,
And every fair from fair sometime declines, We really think we’re not alone,
By chance or nature’s changing course untrimm'd;
But thy eternal summer shall not fade, But all of this lacks Human tone,

As our poor lives turn into stone.

Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;

Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his

shade, When in eternal lines to time thou
grow’st: So long as men can breathe or eyes
can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to
thee.

1. What can you say about the two poems in terms of their literary genre?
_________________________________________________________________

1. How do the themes of the poems differ?

_________________________________________________________________

2. Which of the two is more challenging to understand? Why?

_________________________________________________________________

Task 2

Be Fair!
Directions: Discuss the elements of the two poems from different periods. Write your answers
inside the boxes.
 Man of Earth A Textula
By Amador T. Daguio By Frank Rivera

Pliant is the Merong himala, hindi totoong

bamboo; I am man wala
of earth. Ituro ma’y mali, alam nati’y tama
They say that from the bamboo Kahit walang sagot itong
We had our first birth. panalangin Hindi tumitigil ang
ating paghiling.
Am I of the body, Or
of the green leaf? Do Walang nagturo na tayo’y
I have to whisper My makibaka
every sin and grief? Ngunit sulirani’y ating binabata
Kahit may pangakong laging
If the wind passes by, napapako
Must I stoop, and try Sa anumang init, handa ring
To measure fully mapaso.
My flexibility?
Sa ating puso’y may awit ng pag-
I might have been the asa
bamboo, But I will be a man. Kahit titik nito’y hindi makabisa
Bend me then, O Lord, Bend Ang katotohana’y lalaging totoo
me if you can. Basta maniwalang mayroong
milagro.
(Reproduced by permission of
Frank Rivera)

(Reproduced by permission of
Frank Rivera)
Elements Man of Earth Textula
Style

Imagery

Figurative Language

Post Test
Directions: Read the statements carefully and write the letter of your chosen answer. Use a
separate sheet of paper and label it with Post Test Module 2 of 21st Century
Literary Genre.

(For items 1-5) Read the following statements and identify the types of figurative language.
Choose your answer from the items inside the box.

Alliteration Assonance Metaphor Onomatopoeia Repetition

1. I saw a saw that could out saw any other saw I ever saw.
2. The alligator's teeth are white daggers.

3. I lie down by the side for my bride"/"Fleet feet sweep by sleeping geese.

Hear the lark and harken to the barking of the dark fox gone to ground.

4. Bees busily buzz as they fly from flower to flower.

5.

6. What kind of 21st century literary genre is shown in the picture below?

a. Digital fiction b. Flash fiction c. Science fiction d.Speculative fiction

7. It is a website or app for readers and writers to publish new user-generated stories in
different genres, including classics, general fiction, etc.
a. Battle rap b. Wattpad c. Spoken poetry d. Textula

8. What genre of literature is shown in the lines below? Two roads diverged in a yellow wood

And sorry I could not travel both

And be one traveler, long I stood

And looked down one as far as I could

To where it bent in the undergrowth

a. Drama b. Poetry c. Prose d. Sonnet

9. It is also known as rap battling that includes bragging, insults, and boasting content.
a. Battle rap b. Wattpad c. Spoken poetry d. Textula

10. It is a literary genre that does not follow any measurement scheme.
a. Drama b. Poetry c. Prose d. Textula
11. It is a prose that deals with real events and people.
a. Creative Non Fiction b. Fiction c. Poetry d. Prose

12. What genre is the literary work entitled “The World is an Apple”?
a. Drama b. Poetry c. Prose d. Sonnet

13. What element of poetry presents repetitive sounds within different words.
a. Rhyme b. Rhythm c. Style d. Symbol

14. It is a lyric poem having fourteen rhymed lines usually written in iambic pentameter.
a. Elegy b. Ode c. Song d. Sonnet
15. It is used in the English-speaking world as a generic term for all comic books and graphic
novels originally published in Japan.

a. Chick lit b. Doodle c. Manga d. Graphic novel