MOBILE IP

MADE BY
SARIKA AHER, ANAGHA BAGUL & FAIHZAN SHAIKH
Mobile IP
➢ Mobile IP was designed to allow mobile device users to move from one network
to another .
➢ Enables hosts to stay connected to the Internet regardless of their location.
➢ Enables hosts to be tracked without needing to change their IP address.
➢ Requires no changes to software of non-mobile hosts/routers.
➢ Has no geographical limitations.
➢ Supports security.
➢ Standardized by IETF .
Mobile IPEntities
➢ Mobile Node (MN)
➢ The entity that may change its point of attachmentfrom network to network in
the Internet.
➢ Two addresses:-

1. Home address –IP address assigned to the device within its home network .
2.Care-of address (COA)– IP address of the device when it is operating in a foreign
network.
➢ Identifies Mobile Node’s current location.

➢ Sent by Foreign Agent to Home Agent when MN attaches.

➢ Usually the IP address of the Foreign Agent.
Mobile IP Entities (Contd)
➢ Home Network –The network within which the device receives its
Home address
➢ Home Agent (HA)
➢ Stores information about Mobile nodes whose

permanent Home address is in Home Agent’s Network.

➢ Located on home network of Mobile Node.
➢ Does mobility binding of MN’s IP with its COA
➢ Forwards packets to network when MN is away
➢ Does this through encapsulation
Mobile IP Entities (Contd)
➢ Foreign network –Network in which the Mobile Node is away from its
Home network.
➢ Foreign Agent (FA)
➢ Stores information about mobile nodes visiting its network.
➢ If MN is away from HA then it uses a FA to send/receive data to/from HA
➢ Advertises Care-of addresses which are used by Mobile IP.
➢ Decapsulates messages for delivery to MN
➢ Binding –Association of Home address with Care-of address.
➢ Correspondent Node(CN) –End host of MN.
Mobile IPOperation
➢ Agent Discovery
➢ HA’s and FA’s broadcast their presence on each network to which they are attached
➢ MN’s listen for advertisement and then initiate registration
➢ Encapsulation – Attaching COA to the packet withHA
➢ Decapsulation –Detaching COA to the packet with HA
➢ Registration
➢ When MN is away, it registers its COA with its HA
➢ Registration happens as often as MN changes networks
➢ There is a specific lifetime for service forregistration
➢ There is also a de-registration process if an MN returns home
Mobile IP Operation (Contd)
➢ A MN listens for agent advertisement and then initiates
registration
➢ After receiving the registration request from a MN, FA request to HA
➢ The HA acknowledges and registration is complete
➢ HA intercepts all packets destined for MN
➢ HA then encapsulates all packets addressed to MN and forwards them to FA
➢ FA decapsulates all packets addressed to MN and forwards them via hardware address
Registration Process
Tables maintained on routers
Mobility Binding Table
Maintained on HA of MN
Maps MN’s home address with
its current COA

Visitor List
Maintained on FA
Maps MN’s home address HA
address
Mobile IPTunnelling
Mobile IPProblems & Applications
➢ Single HA model may be damaged
➢ Possible solution –have multiple HA
➢ Frequent reports to HA if MN is moving
➢ Found in Wired and Wireless environments.
➢ Able to carry mobile devices across Multiple LANS.
Conclusion
1. Evident that Mobile IP has a Great Potential.
2. Extensions have also been proposed to allow mobility management for the interface
between a radio network and a packet data network in the third generation cdma2000
network.