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    wk1 Reading1

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    Lyu Wang
    A paradigm is a model or framework that provides a way to interpret observations but is never truly accurate. Paradigms are similar to theories in that they provide a framework for understanding facts, but the problem is that once adopted, a paradigm can bias how a scientist interprets data. The scientific method is meant to avoid personal bias, but Kuhn argued it can actually trap scientists within a paradigm and prevent them from seeing contradicting evidence. A paradigm shift occurs when a field enters a crisis state because the existing paradigm can no longer explain most of the evidence, leading to a new paradigm that replaces the old one.

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    wk1 Reading1

    Uploaded by

    Lyu Wang
    8 views1 page
    A paradigm is a model or framework that provides a way to interpret observations but is never truly accurate. Paradigms are similar to theories in that they provide a framework for understanding facts, but the problem is that once adopted, a paradigm can bias how a scientist interprets data. The scientific method is meant to avoid personal bias, but Kuhn argued it can actually trap scientists within a paradigm and prevent them from seeing contradicting evidence. A paradigm shift occurs when a field enters a crisis state because the existing paradigm can no longer explain most of the evidence, leading to a new paradigm that replaces the old one.

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    A paradigm is a model or framework that provides a way to interpret observations but is never truly accurate. Paradigms are similar to theories in that they provide a framework for understanding facts, but the problem is that once adopted, a paradigm can bias how a scientist interprets data. The scientific method is meant to avoid personal bias, but Kuhn argued it can actually trap scientists within a paradigm and prevent them from seeing contradicting evidence. A paradigm shift occurs when a field enters a crisis state because the existing paradigm can no longer explain most of the evidence, leading to a new paradigm that replaces the old one.

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    8 views1 page

    wk1 Reading1

    Uploaded by

    Lyu Wang
    A paradigm is a model or framework that provides a way to interpret observations but is never truly accurate. Paradigms are similar to theories in that they provide a framework for understanding facts, but the problem is that once adopted, a paradigm can bias how a scientist interprets data. The scientific method is meant to avoid personal bias, but Kuhn argued it can actually trap scientists within a paradigm and prevent them from seeing contradicting evidence. A paradigm shift occurs when a field enters a crisis state because the existing paradigm can no longer explain most of the evidence, leading to a new paradigm that replaces the old one.

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    Guided Summary

    Section 1
    1. What is a paradigm and why is a paradigm never “true”? Give an example.

    A paradigm is essentially a particular view of the world. Because they are simply models
    - approximations constructed in the world of ideas that provide a useful way to interpret
    the physical world. Evolution

    Section 2
    2. How are paradigms similar to theories? What is the problem with paradigms?

    They provide a framework upon which we can hang many or most of the observable
    facts (data) and better see the relationships among those facts. Today, the term has
    been popularized to refer to things as simple as beliefs, attitudes and tastes.

    Section 3
    3. What is the purpose of the scientific method? Why did Kuhn argue that the
    scientific method is a ‘trap’?

    It is designed to keep researchers from injecting their personal views into their data
    collection, data analysis, and conclusions. Once a scientist takes on a particular
    paradigm or theory, they see data that supports this view quite well, but they overlook
    contradicting data quite easily.

    Section 4
    4. What is a paradigm shift and why do they occur?

    A ‘paradigm shift’ occurs when there is a “crisis” in a particular field. Because the old
    paradigm can no longer account for enough of the existing evidence to be believed by a
    majority of people.

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