Vertical Seismic Profile

By : Bassma Adil Eljehani

No. : 25860
 ▪ In geophysics is a technique of seismic measurements
used for correlation with surface seismic data.

▪ VSP is a better means of reflection identification,

Vertical because it’s similar to a shot Piece of seismic line.
Seismic
Profile ▪ VSP uses geophones as a source in the borehole, these
geophones are arranged along the ground surface to
better characterize seismic properties in the near-well
environment.
 The figure shows a
general schematic
diagram which identifies
the components of the
system for a VSP.
 ▪ Zero Offset VSPs : have a sources close to the well bore directly above
receivers.
▪ Offset VSPs : have sources some distance from the receivers in well bore.
▪ Walk away VSPs : feature source that is moved to progressively farther
offset and receivers held in fixed location.
▪ Walk above VSPs : also known as Vertical Incidence Profile, having each
receiver in a different lateral position and the source directly above the
There are receiver.
numerous ▪ Salt-proximity VSPs : have a source on top of salt dome away from the
methods for drilling rig.
acquiring a VSP ▪ Drill noise VSPs : also known as Seismic While Drilling, it’s a technique
uses noise of the drill bit as the source and receivers laid out along the
ground.
▪ 3D VSPs : the seismic source is the airgun, moving a circular movement
spot around the well.
▪ Microseismic Surveys : special and advanced measurements used for
monitoring Hydraulic Fracturing.
 • Distance between the
seismic source and the
well is too small compared
with well’s depth.

• The main objective of this

surveyis to connect the
Zero Offset surface seismic data with
the different well’s
VSP measurements, to get
accurate readings for the
seismic velocity inside
the well.
 • Almost the same as the
zero offset VSP in
gathering method except
that the distance between
the seismic source is
farther.

Offset • From this survey we get

the horizontal seismic data
VSP and the shear velocity
which considered very
important when Studying
the impact of the change in
the strength of the signal
with the distance change.
 • In this survey more than
borehole seismic tool is
used, they’re tied together as
a series and installed in one
place.

Walk Away • This seismic Survey gives us

a high quality seismic image
VSP on the both sides of the well.

• Also gives us all data needed

to make the AVO Analysis
 • This is a special type of
the seismic Surveys used
to cover the horizontal
part of the wells, while
the vertical part of the
well covered by the zero
offset VSP.

Walk Above • The seismic source in

this survey is moving
VSP and follow the movement
of the borehole seismic
tool inside the well,
unlike the zero offset
and offset VSPs , their
source is immovable.
 Salt
Proximity
VSP
Drill Noise
VSP
3D
VSP
Microseismic
Surveys
 ▪The offset VSP , walk away VSP
and 3D VSP , although they are
complicated and advanced , they
At the end , can’t replace the zero offset VSP,
It’s good to therefore, they often done
mention that accompanying with the zero offset
➡ VSP, to get the micro-speed
measurements where the well
placed.