General Biology 2

QUARTER 1 - GENETICS
Lesson 1: Genetic Engineering
What I need to know
Learning Competency
The learners should be able to outline the steps involved in genetic engineering (STEM_BIO11/12-IIIa-b-6)
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
1. compare classical breeding with modern genetic engineering techniques and
2. enumerate the steps in molecular cloning.

What I know
Direction: Answer the following. Choose the letter of the correct 3. The process of making changes in the DNA code of living
answer. organisms is called___.
1. A DNA molecule produced by combining DNA from different a. selective breeding
sources is known as b. genetic engineering
a. a mutant c. inbreeding
b. a change d. Hybridization
c. strange DNA 4. To produce transgenic bacteria that make insulin, which of the
d. recombinant DNA following steps did scientists have to take first?
2. Which of the following steps is NOT essential in producing a. Insert the human insulin gene into a plasmid.
recombinant DNA? b. Extract the insulin from the bacterial culture.
a. Cut out a piece of DNA from a DNA molecule. c. Use a restriction enzyme to cut out the insulin gene
b. Insert a piece of DNA from one organism into the from human DNA.
DNA another organism. d. Transform bacteria with the recombinant plasmid.
c. Use a restriction enzyme to cut DNA and form 5. Genetic engineering involves __________.
sticky ends. a. cutting out a DNA sequence
d. Read the sequences of bases in a piece of DNA. b. changing a DNA sequence
c. reinserting DNA into living organisms.
d. all of the above
What’s new
PRE-ACTIVITY
Enumerate five plants and animals that have desirable or enhanced traits and how each of the traits was introduced or developed.
What is it
Genetic engineering is the simple addition, deletion, or manipulation of a single trait in an organism to create a desired change.
Artificially copying a piece of DNA from one organism and joining this copy of DNA into the DNA of another organism.
Classical breeding are practices focus on the mating of organisms with desirable qualities.
Five stages involve in Genetic Engineering:
1. Isolation - separation of plasmid from a bacterial cell
2. Cutting - Restriction enzymes act as molecular scissors and cut DNA at specific sites called restriction sites
3. Insertion and ligation - rejoining cut fragments of DNA and forming artificial recombinant molecules
4. Transformation - recombinant DNA introduced into bacterial cell
5. Expression - change in the DNA of the host organism
Visit the page below for additional information.
http://www.goldiesroom.org/Note%20Packets/20%20Molecular%20Genetics/05%20Molecular%20Genetics--Lesson%205.html

What’s more
Poster making
Create a poster on the steps and other methods involved in recombinant DNA.
What I’ve learned
Answer the following.
1 – 2. Compare classical breeding from genetic engineering.
3. It is a step in genetic engineering where the DNA of the organism with desirable traits will be separated.
4. Another step in genetic engineering where the host organism will now be change into a new one.
5. Give one example of genetically modified organism (GMO) that already exists.
What I can do
Designer Genes
1. Create an organism with desirable traits and draw it on a short bond paper.
2. Think of an organism that could help in the field of agriculture and in the army.
3. The organism could be a combination of the different traits of different organisms (i.e. fangs of sharks, scales of fish, antenna of ants, etc.)
4. The organism created should be given a unique name.

GENERAL BIOLOGY 2 I 1