Lab # 1 Hands-On

Installation of MySQL and

Type of Queries (DDL, DML, DCL, TCL)
CCE Dept. Tafila Technical University

Part A: Demo by Instructor in Lab

a. Introduction to MySQL
b. MySQL Environment Overview (Schema, Tables, Columns, Checks, so on..)
c. Installation of MySQL:
d. Type of Queries/Categories of SQL command
(DDL, DML, DCL, TCL) with Examples

Part B: Hands-on by Students in Lab

Part A: Demo by Instructor in Lab

a. Introduction to MySQL
MySQL is a fast, easy-to-use RDBMS being used for many small and big businesses.
MySQL is developed, marketed, and supported by MySQL AB, which is a Swedish company.
MySQL is becoming so popular because of many good reasons:
 MySQL is released under an open-source license. So you have nothing to pay to use it.
 MySQL is a very powerful program in its own right. It handles a large subset of the
functionality of the most expensive and powerful database packages.
 MySQL uses a standard form of the well-known SQL data language.
 MySQL works on many operating systems and with many languages including PHP,
PERL, C, C++, JAVA, etc.
 MySQL works very quickly and works well even with large data sets.
 MySQL is very friendly to PHP, the most appreciated language for web development.
 MySQL supports large databases, up to 50 million rows or more in a table. The default
file size limit for a table is 4GB, but you can increase this (if your operating system can
handle it) to a theoretical limit of 8 million terabytes (TB).
 MySQL is customizable. The open-source GPL license allows programmers to modify
the MySQL software to fit their own specific environments.

b. MySQL Environment Overview (Schema, Tables, Column, Checks, so on..)

Schema World: It is available in MySQL
Tables:
City, Country, CountryLanguage

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 c. Installation:
a. Please make sure to install following version because in this course
predefined MySQL schema will be followed.
“mysql-installer-community-5.7.10.0.msi”

b. In lab (004), the required version is accessible just follow the following
steps to access MySQL
i. Login with your username and password
ii. My Computer > M drive > Copy the mysql folder
iii. My Computer > C drive > TEMP folder > Past
iv. Unzip mysql folder in same folder
(Right Click on mysql > 7-Zip > Extract Here)
v. Open “Oracle VM VirtualBox” from Program menu
vi. Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager is opened > Click on New
vii. Enter Name “MySQL” > Next > Next > Select “Use an existing
virtual hard disk file” > Browse, select path “C:\TEMP\VirtualBox
VMs\New group\MySQL Windows 10 English”, Select “MySQL
Windows 10 English.vdi” and press (Ava/OK) > Click Create >
Click Start
viii. Open Program menu > Select “MySQL Workbench 6.3 CE”
ix. Click on Local Instance MySQL57 and Enter password “MySQL”

Type of Queries/Categories of SQL command

The SQL (Structured Query Language) commands are divided in to the following categories:
 Data Delimitation language (DDL)
 Data Manipulation Language (DML)
 Data Control Language (DCL)
 Transaction Control Language (TCL)

Like: SQL Statements (Create database, table, insert, select, delete, drop, alter, so on…)

Basic Rules for SQL Statements

 Queries are instructions/commands

 SQL is not case sensitive language
 For readability write MySQL keyword on separate line
 It is good practice type SQL keywords in capital letters

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DDL (Data Definition Language) Commands
DDL is a standard for commands that define the different structures in a database. DDL
statements create, modify, and remove database objects such as tables, indexes, and users.
It is used to communicate with database. DDL is used to:

 Create an object
 Alter the structure of an object
 To drop the object created.
 The commands are used: CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE
Example:

First of all, create a “myDatabase” database:

Command: CREATE database myDatabase
Create “users” table
Command: CREATE TABLE users (
username VARCHAR (30),
password VARCHAR (20) )

Show the “users” table columns and structure.

Command: SHOW COLUMNS FROM users

DML (Data Manipulation Language) COMMAND

A popular data manipulation language is SQL, which is used to retrieve and manipulate data
in a database.
DML commands are the most frequently used in SQL commands and it used to query and
manipulate the existing database objects. Some of the commands are Insert, Select, Update,
Delete.

Insert Command
This is used to add one or more rows to a table. The values are separated by commas. The
values must be entered in the same order as they are defined and change sequences of
columns and enter corresponding value.
Example:
Command: INSERT INTO users (username, password)
VALUES ('Marko', 'marko123')

Enter multiple record at same time:

Command: INSERT INTO users (username, password)
VALUES ('Mart', 'Mart44'), ('Anna', 'anna22'), ('Riivo', '55Riivo')

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Change the sequence of columns:
Command: INSERT INTO users (password, username)
VALUES ('Marlon12', 'Marlon'), ('Jaak221', 'Jaak')

Enter record without specify columns names but you should have to follow the defined
sequence of columns:
Command: INSERT INTO users
VALUES ('Toomas', 'myPassword123')

Select Commands
It is used to retrieve information from the table. It is generally referred to as querying the
table. We can either display all columns in a table or only specify column from the table.

Example

Select all columns from users table

Command: SELECT * FROM users
Select specify column(s) from users table:
Command: SELECT username FROM users
See the current system’s date and time
Command: SELECT sysdate() from dual

TRUNCATE Commands (DDL Command)

Delete all records from “users” table
Command: TRUNCATE users
DCL (Data Control Language)
The DCL language is used for controlling the access to the table and hence securing the
database. DCL is used to provide certain privileges to a particular user. Privileges are rights to
be allocated. DCL commands include: GRANT to allow specified users to perform specified
tasks.
 The privilege commands are namely, Grant and Revoke
 The various privileges that can be granted or revoked are,
o Select Insert Delete Update References Execute All
GRANT COMMAND: It is used to create users and grant access to the database. It
requires database administrator (DBA) privilege, except that a user can change their password.
A user can grant access to their database objects to other users.

REVOKE COMMAND: Using this command, the DBA can revoke the granted database
privileges from the user.

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TCL (Transaction Control Language) Command
TCL is used to control transactional processing in a database. A transaction is logical unit of
work that comprises one or more SQL statements, usually a group of Data Manipulation
Language (DML) statements.

COMMIT: command is used to save the Records.

ROLL BACK: command is used to undo the Records.
SAVE POINT command is used to undo the Records in a particular transaction.

Part B: Hands-on by Students in Lab

a. Create a database, name it as “StudentDatabase”
b. Create a “StudentTable” table having columns like ID, Name, Degree, Address,
Email
c. Add at least 10 records in “StudentTable”
d. Display all added records from table “StudentTable” and show to lab
instructor.
e. Display only name, address and email of the students from “StudentTable”
and and show to lab instructor.
f. Delete all records from the “StudentTable” and show to lab instructor.

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