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Center: Kumara Abeygunawardana
Center: Kumara Abeygunawardana
-History of Computer-
^mrs.Klfha b;sydih&
mrs.Klh hkq ñksidf.a .Ks;uh wjYH;djhka ioyd úúO WmlrK hka;% ksrAudKh lsrSu ioyd ñksid úiska .kakd
,o W;aidyhka ;=<ska ìysù ;sfnk úoahq;a bf,lafg%dKsla wë;dlaIKsl hka;%hls. fuu mrs.Klfha b;sydih fláfhka
my; ioyka mrsos bosrsm;a l< yelsh.
02 lzs. mQ. 3000 oS muK Ñkh ;=< Abacus kï WmlrKh ks¾udKh úh.
05 1642 oS muK íf,aia meial,a .Ks; lghq;= myiqfjka lr.; yels wdl,k hka;%h
ksmojk ,os. fuu wdl,k hka;zh (Adding Machine) uÕska b;du myiqfjka .Kka
tl;= lsrSu;a wvq lsrSu;a muKla isÿ l< yels úh. fuh Pascaline jYfhka o
yªkajhs. fï yd iïnkaO wo Ndú;fha mj;sk WmlrK jYfhka úÿ,s ógrh
c, ógrh hkdosh oelaúh yelsh
10 pd,aia nefícaf.a fuu wek,ál,a hka;zh ioyd Ada Augusta Lovelace ue;sKsh
úiska mrs.Kl jevigyka ilia lsrSu i|yd mz:u mzh;akh ork ,os..fï
ksid “f,dj mz:u mrs.Kl jevigyka Ys,amsksh” f,i Ada Augusta Lovelace
ue;sKsh (The First Programmer) ie<lsh yelsh.
12 1937 oS ydj¾â úYaj úoHd,fha fydaj¾â thslka pd,aia nefícaf.a ixl,amh jeã oshqKq
lsrSug oeã f,i W;aidy ork ,os. fï ksid 1939 oS muK Automatic Sequence
Controlled Calculator hka;%h ksmoùug yels úh. fuh miqld,Skj Mark 1
f,i kï lrk ,os.
Mark 1 ys úfYaI ,laIK:
o;a; we;=,a lsrSug h;=re ,shkhla iïnkaO lr ;snqKs. o;a; mz;sodkh i|yd Punch Cards Ndú; úh. b;du
myiqfjka .Kkh lsrSï isÿ l< yels úh. ;=kaoyilg jeã úoHq;a hdka;zsl fldgia wvx.=j ;snqKs. nr fgdka myla
muK úh. jir myf<djlg;a jeã ld,hla fuh Ndú; lrk ,os.
14 1945oS fcdaka fjdka ksõudka úiska mrs.Kl hka;zfha fN!;sl fjkialï isÿ
fkdlr tys ;ekam;a lrk jevigyka weiqrska tla mrs.Klhla uÕska úúO
jevlghq;= lr .ekSug yelsh hk ixl,amh yªkajd ÿks j¾;udk mrs.Kl
j, Ndú;d lrkafka fcdaka fjdka ksõudkaf.a fuu ixl,amhhs.
17 1950 oS frñx.agka /kaâ wdh;kh úiska UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Calculator) mrs.Klh ksmojk ,os.
UNIVAC mrs.Klfha ,laIK:
01 rsla;l k, (Vacuum Tubes) 18000 la muK fhdod .ekSu.
02 m%udKfhka ùYd, ùu.
03 jev igyka .nvd lr ;sîus.
04 ;;amrhlg .Ks; lrAu 10000 la l< yels ùu.
rsla;l k, (Vacuum Tubes) Ndú;d l< mrs.Kl m<uq jk mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl jYfhka ie<fla.
18 1957 oS IBM wdh;kh úiska IBM 704 mrs.Klh ksrAudKh lrk ,os.
IBM 704 mrs.Klfha ,laIK:
01 Magnetic-core memory Ndú;d lsrSu.
02 ;;amrhlg .Ks; lrAu 100000 la l< yels ùu.
19 ú,shï fIdlaf,a - fcdaka ndãka iy fjda,agrA n%dfÜ%ka hk wh úiska g%dkaisiagrAh fidhd .kakd ,os.
g%dkaisiagrAh fidhd .ekSu fjkqfjka fudjqkag
1956 oS fN!;sl úoHdj ioyd jq fkdfn,a ;d.Hh yssñúh.
g%dkaisiagrA (Transistor) Ndú;d l< mrs.Kl fojk mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl jYfhka ie<fla.
20 g%dkaisiagrAh b;d l=vd m%udKj,ska ksrAudKh lrñka tajd úYd, m%udKhla ;ks is,slka Öma tlla ;=< ;ekam;a lr
ixhqla; mrsm: ^ifudaOdks; mrsm: - wkql,s; mrsm:& (Integrated Circuits-IC) ksmojk ,os.
ixhqla; mrsm: jrA.:
1 SSI (Small Scale Integration) 2 MSI (Medium Scale Integration) 3 LSI (Large Scale Integration)
4 VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) 5 ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration)
ixhqla; mrsm: Ndú;d l< mrs.Kl ;=kajk mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl jYfhka ie<fla.
21 is,slka Öma ;=< oyia .Kka ixhqla; mrsm: (Integrated Circuits- IC);ekam;a lr laIq¯ mrsm: (Microchips –
Microprocessor) ksrAudKh úh.
laIq¯ mrsm: Ndú;d l< mrs.Kl y;rjk mrïmrdfõ mrs.Kl jYfhka ie<fla.
ieliqu: Kumara Abeygunawardana. e-Center ’ Tel: 0777-827871 e-Mail: kumarawpp@yahoo.com