Iuterectiot$ 2: A Conutulticutiva Onunnrur City Life

l- onc quarl ol rnilk

7. chccse / scvcral
2. thr-cc pounds o[cl.rccsc
8. potatc, chiPs / thrcc
3. 72 degrces F / two
9. laundrY dctergcnt
4. Iivc vards o[ropc
10. juicc / several
5. one twelvc-ounce can ofsoda plans. Take this opportunity to plan a very special inter-
L. Activitv: Making dinner
6. one cup (cight ounccs) ofsugar -'-i"
national dinner party. Money is no problem-; you can spend as rnYt\.1t you want'
.tt"tff gro;ps, iir.rrr" special dishes [rom-your culture: pabell6n' couscous'
7. thirtv milcs exactly horv to make the dishes
kebab, tondrie, sushi, and so forth. Be sure to explain
8. one tcaspoon o[butter and
._ don't forget to include some o[ your favorites'

K. Exercise: Use the cues to make short conversations rvith how nutch, hol nruny, and, Af"; yo, frrr" described the various dishes, choose several that you would like
and make your shopping
units o[ measurement- ,o r..u"Lt your dinner party. As a group, plan the menu
don't'{ovget other
Iist ior all the necessar! ing."di"nir. Whiie planning the food,
and supplies like candles or tablecloths'
Example: sugar / three p..J;'rr"."rtities": muiic, iecorations,
Finally, invite Your classmates!

There iS gnly a littte 6ugar lefr. Note:Youmaywantromakeacollectiono[thebestinternationalrecipesfromyour

class.
Hov,r rnuch jhould we hr!?
\ - let3 get three b4gs -M.Activity:Playingamemorygame.Allmem-bersoftheclassshouldsitihacircle. and I bought
O.e striden, *if f U.gi" it. g";r" by ttylttg, "I went to the supermarket'
/ o Ooit if *a"t rp.';Th.nJxt student must repeat the first
I
student's item and add
a bottle of ketcht'q and
one, for example: "r *."ii.*t. supermarket' and bought
wil the firsr trvo items and add one.
;';;;;ip;";;i"u"r.,,Tiethird stuient repeat
of the items or if
You may not write ."r;;t;;;;"J you are "out'" if you forget any
you make a mistake in grammar!

rn

Exanqle: onions / trvo

S I: There are only a few onions left. How many should we buy?
PART III. NONCOUNT NOUNS
52: Let'sget two pounds. VS. COUNT NOUNS
l. kctchup / one
What are some o[ the ad'r'antages o[ citv living? What are some o[ the disadvantagcs?
2. hand soap / fivc sh";";;:;pcriences rvhile inswering the following quesrions about rhc piclurc on
3. mustard / onc the next pagc.

4. cggs / onc l. Who is thc man in front o[ the apartmcnt building? What is his iob?

5. lcttuce / trv<-r 2. Who is the man on the far right?

6. t(x)thp:rstc / two 3. Whatrlrirrgsar.ceas\,rodr-rinabigcit\.?whatartsonlcthingsthatarcclil'liculLtrr
tlo?
ffi
ri,
58 I tt| rac't iort s : .4 C onun utticaI ivc rant ur
e 2 G nt
Citr Life 69

Discussing the Passage

l. What arc two advantagcs of lifc in a big city? What arc nvo disadvantages?
2. What arc somc of thc disadvantagcs of orvning a car in a big city? What arc thc
advan tagcs?

Count vs. Noncount Nouns

Part II covcred a common type of noncount noun: nTass nouns. Abstract ,7ouns are another
piemeS common type of noncount noun. Abstract nqlns may be ideas, activities, or emotions.
italian"cnis They often refcr to categories or groups, rvhich include count nouns. Compare:

Noncount Nouns Count Noum

housing apartments, houses, condominiums

employment jobs
transportation buses, cars, taxis
food groceries
weather storms, clouds
news broadcasts, programs
information ideas
homework assignments
love, happiness friends
violence arguments, fights

A. Exercise: Recognition ofnoncount and count nouns. Form cbmplete sentences from
the following cues by adding "is important" or "are important."

City Life
Living in a big city has both advantages and disadvantages, but many
people think of the disadvantages first. For example, inexpensive apari-
ments or houses in safe locations are often difficult to find in large cities.
Emplovment is another problem. Jobs have become hard to find in manv
cities- Transportarion is also an imporrant factor in city life. Bicyclei
are often dangerous, buses are not always on time, and cars are usuallv
expensive. Car insurance is costly in many major cities, ancl parking is
scldom easy to find.
Cit-y living has its advantages, howcvcr. Shopping is much bctrcr in
a cin', Thurc arc storL.s and boutiques [r-lr cvery itcm imagin:rblc. Thcrc
are rcstaurants, dclicatcsscns, and groccry stores rvith l<,,<.rd li-om cvcrv
part oI thc rvorld. And o[ coursc, cntcrtainment is onc o[ thc biggcst
advantagcs ol'city lifc. Thcrc are art gallerics, muscums, club., plovs,
conccrts, and shorvs for cvcrvonc's tastc.
FF1

In teructiorts 2 : A Contnuuictuive
Grantntar
!

Cin l.il-c 7l
E,tat r t ples : Fricnds are important.
Good transportation is important,
Exantple: r.valls / wash
I
Frcctimc... 6. Neighbors...
Honcstr' . , .
7. Friends ...
Warm clothes
8. Lettcrs ...
9. Good information .. . So tired. Are there
-\/allS
"10. News from home . . .
lefr to wash?
B' Exercise: ln pairs, take turns
making comments and contradicting thenr. Form
plete senrences from the cues belori. com-
noncount noun. Be sure to use the
E";h;;i;i."es
includes one count and one
"
correct form of the ,..t;i;
Emmple: cars / heavy traffic "r"rrl*..
Sl: In big cities, there are atways a lot ofcars.
52: That's not true. There isn,t alw.V" fr"u"y
tralfic ln a big city.
I buses / available transportation

2. apartments for rent / inexpensive housing

5. carpeting / clean
3. shows and concerts / good
entertainment
6. closets / sweep
4. problems / crime
7. cleaning / 6nish
5. poor people / poverty
Now, change partners and practice
6. international restaurants / international the exercise again, using the following
food example as a model. This tirne,
r"i ;';i';;r, many inyour answers,
7. art galleries / good art "r"
8. unusual buildings / interesting architecture D' Exercise: comprete the fo,owing
conversation with few, a fav, rittre, or a ritrre.
c' Exercise: In pairs, make short
conversations from the cues below. nse
Ellen: There's one problem with this part
of town. There are some good
a rittre or a
restaurants here, but tn J
Example: walls / wash
that I can afford! What are rve
. going to do about dinner?
SI: I'm tired! Are there any walls left to wash?
52: Don,t worry, we,re almost done. May: Don't rvorry. I have
wash.
ih"o u." only a few walls left to money. Besides, I noticed a
Chinese restaurant blocks awa1,. It probabll,isn,t
l. windows/wash expensive. We can pick up egg rolls,
2. painting / do fried rice, ..- beef wirh green pepper,
3.. chairs / repair chickcn rvith almonds . . .
4. tablcs / polish Ellen: That's cnough! It sounds good, bur let,s rvait
u,hilc
Iongcr. I waur ro finish .-.--__ things bctbr.c it gcts r<_ro dar.k.
ET
Fi
i7 interactiorts 2: A Conununicative Granutrur
Citv Life 73

May: D<.tvou want to walk or dri\,e? This busl'city is locatcd in beautilul spor on Lake Michigan,
---
Ellen: Let's drivc. I knorv it isn't iar, but I'm tired, and I'm surc rve'll have
huge lakc that plays
major role in Chica_so's u,eathcr.
trouble Parking there- rvcathcr in the "Windy City" can be unpredictable at any time o[vsar, and thc
E. Exercise: Review of a and an. Complcte the follo'"ving passage u'ith a, an, or X, r,t,inter can be especiallv cold. However, most lourists find Chicago
which indicates that no article is necessary. Remember: Noncount nouns do not _ fun
normally take an article, but a rvord such as a or an must come before a singular place t<-r visit.
count noun-
Activity: Describing places. what's your favorite city? what does it have to offer? Is
there a l<it o[entertainment? Arc t.here good restauiants? Is there public transpor-
tation? Are there interesting stores and boutiques? Does it have many problems,
such as pollution, traffic, or crime? ln a brief presentation, describe vour favorite
city to your classmates including both its good points and a few of itsiad points.

PART TV. TIIE WITH LOCATIONS AND

OTHER SPECIAL USES
Which majorcities have you lived in or visited? Share yourexperier.ces rvhile answering
the following questions about the picture.

l. Do you recognize this scene? What is the location of the picture?

, What are some of the advantages of such a location for a city?

Chicago
Chicago is arl . interesting city. It has good museums,
beautiful skyline, first-class entertainment, and mixture of
people. -
Chicago's fine restaurants have an international flavor. You can
-
there.
Chicago is important commercial and financial center. sky-
scrapers fill its downtorvn area, and enormous department stores arc
-
locatcd throughout "the Loop," as -
dorvntou,n Chicago is callcd. Its air-
- in the
port, O'Hare International, is the busicst rvorld. airplanc lands
and airplane takes off eveS'- thirty scconds.

-
74 I nteractiorts 2: A Conttnuticulive Gruttttrttu'
Cio Lilb 7s

Cities o[ the World ' 6. Vancouvcr

Ivlost o[ thc grcirtcst citics in thc lvorld are locatcd Ircar occans, riYcrs, 7. Colorado Rivcr
or lakcs- Neiv york CilJ.', Rio dc Janciro, and Bucnos Aircs arc on the
Atlantic ocean, rvhile ian Francisco, Tokyo, and Santiago are on the 8. Torontcr
. Pacific ocean. singaporc is located on an island irr the south china sea, B' Activit-v: Describingthe. town/area you live in. In pairs, take
andVeniceisonanistan<linthcAdriaticSea.LondoniscrntheThames tions of some "landmarks,, in the town o. turns describing loca_
River, and Buda.
Rir,er, Paris is on the Scinc River, Cairo is on the Nile a.eu you ti,re in.
pestisontheDanubeRiver'Chicago,Cl-evelan'l'.and.Torontoareallon' Examples: a pizza parlor
ih" G."ut t-akes_chicago on Lake Michigan, clevcland on Lake Erie, Sl: Joe,s pizza parlor.
and Toronto on Lake Ontario. 52: It's on Crest Street across from the public library.
Because of their locations, most of these cities have famous Iandmarks
a bank
associated with water. New York city has the Statue of Liberty on staten
Island, San Francisco has the Golden Gate Bridge, and Venice has the 52: The First National Bank.
Grand Canal, to name onlY a [ew' SI: It's downtown. It,s next to Sears-

1- a bridge 6. a bank
Discussing the Passage
2. a lake 7. a theater
l. What are some other cities that are located on the Atlantic Ocean? On the Pacific 3. a hospital
Ocean?
8. a river
4. a museum 9. a mountain range
2. What are some other cities located on rivers? On lakes?
5. a church 10. an ocean
3. Can you think of other famous landmarks associated with lvater?
The with the Verb go
4. Are there any majorcities in the world that are not located near oceans, rivers, or
lakes? The use of ro and the withgo is idiomatic.

The with Locations I ho-".

The appears with many proper names. The list at the end of the chapter gives you r'- going,f downrown.
.*r-pi".. Mo.t of these-rules do not have exceptions, but notice the common exceptions
in the list. Iswimming.

A. Exercise: Turn to the map of the United States and Canada at the beginning of
chapter 7. use it to descriLe the locations of the following places. In pairs, ask and
answer questions about the locations of these places. Be sure to use Ifte when necessary'
Exantple: Los Angeles
Los Angeles is in the West, It's in California' It's on the West C<)ast. It's
on the Pacific Ocean.
l. Washington, D.C.
2. Rocky Mountains In pairs, take turns asking and answering questions
J. Miami
Exarnple: storc
4. Mississippi River
5. Mojave Desert
SI : Where are you going?
52: To thc store.

).t
 I,t
176 Interactiorls 2: .4 Communicative Grantmar
Cily Life 77

l. homc 7, church Exatnple: New York city has many performing arts centers, some o[ the center.s
2. bank 8. town are:

3. hospital 9. city a. Lincoln Center

b. Carnegie Hall
4. downtown 10. class
c. Radio City and rhe Met
5. beach ll. there
One is Lincoln Center.
6. museum 12. work Another is Crirnegie Hall.
Others are Radio City and the Met.
D. Activity: Telling about plans. Where are you going afte.r class? This evening? This
weekend? During the next vacation? After you finish this course? Give at least five l. New York City has sixty-five museums. Some of the museurns are:
sentences with.go. a. American Museum of Natural History
b. Metropolitan Museum of Art
.
One, Another, The Other, Otherc, The Otherc c. Museum of the Performing Arts and Museum of Modern Art
d. Whitney Museum
These w-ords may be used as pronouns or adjectives. They are used frequently to list a
series of items. The choice depends on how many items are in the g.o.rp .rd whether 2. Niagara Falls is located between two of the Great Lakes. The two lakes are:
or not the person is talking about the entire group. a. Lake Ontario
b. Lake Erie
3. San Francisco has three very important bridges. The three bridges are:
Examples
a. Golden Gate Bridge
b. Oakland Bridge and Bay Bridge
We own two cars. One is red, and the other is blue. 4. Wyoming has three major mountain ranges. The three ranges are:
We own several cars. One is red, and another is blue. Others are green. a. Teton Mountains
We own three cars. One is red. and the others are blue^ b. Wind River Mountains
c. Bighorn Mountains
5. Two major rivers join at St. Louis, Missouri. The two rivers are:
a. Mississippi River
b. Missouri River
Adjective Pmnom Meaning
6. Washington has many major mountain peaks. Some of these mountain peaks
Singular are:
one bus one
another bus
a. Mt. Rainier
another one more bus
the other bus the other
b. Mt. Baker, Mt. Shuksan, and Mt. Olympus
the second of two
or the last ofa group F- Activity: Describing places. what are some of the important places in your home-
Plural some buses
town or in the town where you are living now? Does it have any major landmarks?
some
Does your region or country have major mountains? Is it along an ocean? Are there
other buses others more buses
the other buses many rivers or lakes? Give examples of some of the important fealures. using the
the others the last of a group
example as a model, tell about some of the following:
I . In the city: churches, museums, bridges, libraries, other important buildings,
important strcets
E. Exercise: Use the following information to make statements based on the example
Be sure louse the when necessary. 2. In the region or country: forests, rivers, lakes, mountains, oceans, deserts,
:i canals
;gi.
 I nteract iotts 2 : A C<ttttnumical ive Gratnnutr
Cin Lile 79

NIy city has three important churches. One is . .. - The others

are.... bottlc ketchup, s<-rda, orhcr liquids
bo:i ccrcal, dclcrgcnt
G. Activity: Playing a memory game. Havc ,you ever played the trivia _same "Cate-
gorics"? To bcgin, you choose a calcgory: rivcrs, for example. Going around in a f al') st-rup, bcans, tuna, soda
cir.clc, each person must name a river. You can play the game in either o[ two rvat,s. carton eggs, milk
You can go in alphabctical order-a, the Amazon River; D, the Bnrle Rivcr, etc. The gallon, quart, pint all liquids, ice cream
otherlvav is to usc the last letter in one to begin the name of the next-c, the Amazon hcad lettuce, eabbage
River; rr (the last letter of Amazon), the Nile River. If vou can't rhink of a name, jar mayonnaise, peanut butter, jam, mustard, other foods that are
-you
are oul of the game. The last person in the game *'ins. you can play as a class or spread
liou can divide into tcams that rvill alternate naming rivers. you may use a timc loaI bread
limit of thirry seconds or one minute for each answer. Choose a new category each
package potato chips, spaghetti
time. Here are some suggestions:
piece cake, brcad, pie, meat, etc.
rivers pound meat, poultry, fruit, vegetables, cheese
lakes tube toothpaste
countries
mountains
Note: lf you are not sure of the correct unit of measurement to use, you can always
sav "some."
buildings
important political or social figures
Rcmember: In order for an answer to be correct, it must include tlle, if it is necessary.
The with Locations and Other ProperNouns

Without ,r?e with ,Ire Exceptions

Do not use the with Use the when the class of the Netherlands
Irregular Noun Plurals
names of continents, noun (republic, state, theSudan
countries, states, prov- etc.) comes before the tlu Hague
irtces, counties, cities, name: the + class + of the Avenue of the
woman women deer deer and streets. + name. Americas
man men fish fish Afica, Russia, Ohio, tlrc continent of Asia tlrc Chantps-Ebtsies
child children series series Quebec, Main Street the Union of Soviet
.,j' person peoPle sheep sheep Socialist Republics
ai (the USSR)
l foot [eet species species
tooth teeth
rt
'.i
Use tlte with most names New England
goose geese o[ regions.
I soullunt Orilario
* mouse mice theWest, tlrc Midy,est,
.i ()x
3 oxen tlte Plains
11
Do not usc tfte rvith sin- Usc tlrc rvith plural tlrc Isle of Wight
$ Common Units of Measurement
i,ir ,uular islands, lakcs, and islands, lakcs, and the Grcat Salt Lake
l: nrountains. mountains. the Malterhont
brg sugar, potato chips Oulut, Fiji, Laka Stqte- llrc Hatuiiart I.slands (and othcr rnountains
bar soap riu', lVlt.ltltirtrcy, llrc Graut ltkes rvith Ccrman n:rmcs
Pika's Pcak rlrc Alps uscd in EngJish)
 I ttteractiorts 2: A Conutntnicative Crarttnrut
Citt,Life

Without rfre With rrre Exceptions lVithout t&e with ,rre Exceplions

Use l/re with occans, Do not usc l/ze with dates Use t/re when lhe num-
seas, rivers, canals, des- rvhen the month begins ber comes before the
erts, forests, and bridges. the phrase. noun.
the Pacilic Ocean March 18 the eighteenth of March
the Persian Gulf
the River Parana Do not use tlze with spe- Use the with decades,
the Mississippi River cific years. centuries, and eras.
the SuezCanal 1951 the (19)50s
Sahara Desert
the I 890 the 1800s
Black Forest
the
the Dark Ages
Golden Gae Bidge
the
NOTE: You may omit
the class namc with
well-known oceam, des-
erts, and rivers.
the Atlantic
the Nile

In most cases, do not use In most cases, use tfte

tfte when the name of a . when the word, college,
r*:
college or university university, or sclool
$ comes before the word comes before the name
*, college or university. (rte+ -..+of +aame).
tl.
Boston University of
,

f the University
d Larwence College California
f, the Rhode Island
t School of Design

Use rlle with names of

museums and libraries.
the Muieum of Modern
Art
tlu Chicago Public
Library

Do not use t/ze rvith Use t&e with adjectives

names of languages. ofnationality and other
Gennan adjectives that function
Japanese as nouns.
Note: Use l/ze rvith the the Genttans
w<srd language: the Ger- lhe Japanese
nrun langr.ruge. the riclz, the poor