SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1

Semester 1 2020/2021

Siti Rohani Mohd Nor

Department of Mathematical Sciences
Faculty of Science

Room: C10 332

Contact No: 013-7475280
Email: sitirohani@utm.my
 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021

CHAPTER 1
FURTHER TRANSCENDENTAL FUNCTIONS

1.1 Hyperbolic Functions

1.1.1 Definition of Hyperbolic Functions
1.1.2 Graphs of Hyperbolic Functions
1.1.3 Hyperbolic Identities
1.2 Inverse Functions
1.2.1 Inverse Trigonometric Functions
1.2.2 Inverse Trigonometric Identities
1.2.3 Inverse Hyperbolic Functions
1.2.4 Log Form of the Inverse Hyperbolic Functions
 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021
1.1.1 Definition of Hyperbolic Functions

Hyperbolic Cosine (pronounced “Cosh”)

Hyperbolic Sine (pronounced “Shine”)

Hyperbolic Tangent (pronounced “Tanh”)

 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021
1.1.1 Definition of Hyperbolic Functions (cont)

Hyperbolic Secant (pronounced “Shek”)

Hyperbolic Cosecant (pronounced “Coshek”)

Hyperbolic Cotangent (pronounced “Coth”)

 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021
1.1.2 Graph of Hyperbolic Functions

Since the hyperbolic functions depend on the values of 𝑒 𝑥 and 𝑒 −𝑥 , its

graphs is a combination of the exponential graphs.

a) Graph of sinh x
From the graph, we see
• sinh 0 = 0.
• The domain is all real numbers.
• The curve is symmetrical about
the origin, i.e. sinh (−x) = −sinh x.
• It is an increasing one-to-one
function.
 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021
1.1.2 Graph of Hyperbolic Functions (cont)

b) Graph of cosh x
From the graph y = cosh x that:
• cosh 0 = 1.
• The domain is all real numbers.
• The value of cosh x is never less
than 1.
• The curve is symmetrical about
the y-axis, i.e. cosh (−x) = cosh x.
• For any given value of cosh x,
there are two values of x.
 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021
1.1.2 Graph of Hyperbolic Functions (cont)

c) Graph of tanh x
From the graph, we see
• tanh 0 = 0.
• tanh x always lies between y = −1
and y = 1.
• tanh (−x) = −tanh x.
• It has horizontal asymptotes .
 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021
1.1.3 Hyperbolic Identities

For every identity obeyed by trigonometric functions, there is a

corresponding identity obeyed by hyperbolic functions.
 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021
1.1.3 Hyperbolic Identities (cont)
 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021
1.1.3 Hyperbolic Identities (cont)

Some of the hyperbolic identities follow exactly the trigonometric.

identities; others have a difference in sign.
Trigonometric Identities Hyperbolic Identities
 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021
1.1.3 Hyperbolic Identities (cont)

Trigonometric Identities Hyperbolic Identities

 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021
1.1.3 Hyperbolic Identities (cont)

Trigonometric Identities Hyperbolic Identities

 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021
By using definition of hyperbolic functions,
a) Evaluate sinh(-4) to four decimal places.
b) Show that
Example
 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021

1. By using identities of hyperbolic functions, show that

2. Solve the following for x, giving your answer in 4dcp.

Exercise 1

3. Solve for x if given 2cosh x – sinh x = 2.

4. By using definition of hyperbolic functions, proof that
 SSCE 1693 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1
Semester 1 2020/2021

5. Solve cosh x = 4 – sinh x. Use 4 dcp.

6. By using the definition of hyperbolic function, prove that
cosh 2𝑥 = cosh2 𝑥 + sinh2 𝑥. (Test119201)
Exercise 1 (cont)

7. Sketch the graph of cosh 𝑥 and state its domain and range.
(Test119202)
8. Solve for x in terms of logarithm which satisfies the
following equation: sinh 2𝑥 + 2 = cosh 2𝑥 (Test119202)
sinh 2𝑥
9. Using the definition, show that = sinh 𝑥.
2 cosh 𝑥
(Test119202)