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Shallow Foundation PDF
Shallow Foundation PDF
When the load per unit area = qu— a sudden failure in the soil supporting the
foundation will take place, and the failure surface in the soil will extend to the
ground surface.
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The failure surface in the soil will gradually extend outward from the foundation. The failure surface in soil will not extend to the ground surface. Little or no bulging
When the load per unit area on the foundation equals qu(1), movement of the occurs at the ground surface. Beyond the ultimate failure load, qu, the load–
foundation will be accompanied by sudden jerks. settlement plot, will be steep and practically linear.
Dr = relative density of sand Terzaghi suggested that for a continuous, or strip, foundation (i.e., one whose
width-to-length ratio approaches zero), the failure surface in soil at ultimate load
Df = depth of foundation measured from the may be assumed to be similar to that shown in Figure
ground surface
The failure zone under the
foundation can be separated into
B∗ = three parts :
where: B = width of foundation 1. The triangular zone ACD
immediately under the
L = Length of foundation foundation
For Square Foundations: 2. The radial shear zones ADF
B=L and CDE, with the curves DE
and DF being arcs of a
For Circular Foundations: logarithmic spiral
B = L = diameter 3. Two triangular Rankine
passive zones AFH and CEG
Vesic, A. S. (1973). “Analysis of Ultimate Loads of Shallow
Foundations,” Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division,
B* = B
American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 99, No. SM1, pp. 45–73.
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q = c N + qN + BγN N = cotϕ′ −1
where:
Nc, Nq, Nγ = bearing capacity factors = cotϕ Nq − 1
N =
N = tanϕ′ K tanϕ′ − 1
Ref: Kumbhojkar(1993)
9/30/2017
q = 1.3c N + qN + 0.3BγN
where: B = diameter of the foundation