David, Rochelle France T.

BSCpE I-1
P.E.

1. Brief History of Education

•1820 when schools focused on gymnastics, hygiene training and care and development of the human body. By the
year 1950, over 400 institutes had introduced majors in physical education. The Young Men's Christian
Association launched its very first chapter in 1851 and focused on physical activities. Colleges were encouraged to
focus on intramural sports particularly track, field and football. But physical education became a formal
requirement following the civil war when many states opted to pass laws that required schools to incorporate a
substantial physical education component into their curriculums. But it was not till 1970 that an amendment was
made to the Federal Education Act that allowed women from high school and college to compete in athletic
competitions. Sex-based discrimination was completely outlawed from government funded programs at this
point. Physical Education in college College athletics received a major stimulus when a National Collegiate
Athletic Association was created in the early twentieth centuries. There was a rise in popularity of sports within
colleges and universities and funding greatly increased. Colleges took great pride in their athletic programs and
sports scholarships became a norm. There was also a surge in people who enrolled in sports education programs to
meet the growing demand for professionals in the field. Decline in Physical Education But this is not meant to
imply that the history of physical education has been all rosy. Late in the twentieth century there was certainly a
decline in the commitment to physical education. The growing offering of extra subjects and electives in schools
means that the shift was focusing away from physical education and towards academics. The country also faced a
recession around 1970 and 1980 and the dearth of government funding means that physical education programs
were often the first to be cut from schools and universities. The modern age But recent awareness of the need for
balanced curriculums particularly given the national concern over the state of obesity and children's attention
towards non-physical activities like video games has brought physical education back in the spotlight. The
government has re-signaled its commitment to physical education by making it mandatory in public schools in
early classes. But it remains an elective at the high school level. One of the most interesting developments in the
history of physical education has been how the definition of physical education has evolved. While it only
encompassed traditional sports in the beginning, it now includes several less physical activities such as yoga and
meditation which are considered critical to helping students develop a sense of control in such a stressful age.

2. Definition of Physical Education

•Physical Education is an
education of and through human movement where
many of educational objectives are achieved by means of big muscle
activities involving sports, games, gymnastic, dance and exercise.
• Physical education as an education through physical activities for the
development of total personality of the child to its fullness and perfection in
body, mind and spirit.
• Physical Education is "education through the physical".
• Physical Education aims to develop students’ physical competence and knowledge of movement
and safety, and their ability to use these to perform in a wide range of activities associated with the
development of an active and healthy lifestyle.
• Physical Education develops students’ confidence and generic skills, especially those of
collaboration, communication, creativity, critical thinking and aesthetic appreciation.

3. History of Physical Education in the Philippines

• Physical Education in the Philippines dates back to primitive society when physical skills to the
young. With the fast changing times, it is quite interesting to note the stides made by physical
education and how it has affected the lives of the people.
During the Pre-Spanish Period, education in the Philippines was informal and unstructured
without any fixed methodology. Children were usually taught by their parents and tribal tutors and
education was geared more towards skill development.
The aborigines of the Philippines, the Negritos and Aetas, had a way of life the same or similar
to any other way of life the same in a primative society. They were nomadiac or wandering tribes
who lived mainly by hunting with an expert use of the bow and arrow.
A Negrito chieftain was selected by his physical powers. An evidence of this is included in the
Maragtas, an ancient manuscript found in Panay written in A.D 1212. This historical document
mentions about the unusual ability and bravery of Negrito named Marikudo who had the skill in
capturing wild animals by himself. He was always known for his spectacular skill in the use of
bow and arrow.
Their physical activities consisted of producing foods through planting and cultivating the
mountain sides until they produced the famous Banawe Rice Terraces.
Cockfighting is an ancient sport in the Philippines, Pigafetta, the chronicler of Magellan’s
expidition, mentions it as one of the notable sights he saw in the island of Palawan. Historians
believe that this sport is propable to have been introduced by the Malays as early as A.D 1212
during the rule of Datu Sumakwel of the island of Panay.

4. Objectives of Physical Education

•Physical development
(a) Proper growth and development
(b) Proper functioning of various systems of the body neuromuscular coordination
(d) Development of strength and endurance.
• Psychological development
(a) Development of healthy interests and attitudes
(b) Satisfaction and channelising of emotions participation in sports.
• Social development
(a) Developing qualities of sympathy and cooperation with others '(b) Becoming a worthy
member of home and society.
• Moral development
(a) Development of self-control
(b) Development of sportsmanship
(d) Development of personality.
• Improvement in knowledge
(a) Acquiring the knowledge of the rules of games, sports and exercise
(b) Understanding health problems and
their prevention.

5.Health Benefits of Physical Education

• Builds healthy bones

• Improves strength and endurance
• Reduces stress and anxiety
• Helps control weight/reduces the risk of obesity
• Improves blood pressure and cholesterol levels
• Reduces feelings of depression
• Boosts self-esteem
• Promotes psychological well-being

6. Four Types of Development

• Physical Development
• Social Development
• Emotional Development
• Mental Development

7. Legal bases of Physical Education

• Improved physical fitness

• Self-discipline
• Strengthened peer relationships
• Improvement of self-esteem and self-confidence