ASTM | sagar savale

American Society for Testing and Materials [ASTM]

Sagar K. Savale
avengersagar16@gmail.com

The Standard Test Method, that defines the way a test is performed and the precision of the result.
The result of the test may be used to assess compliance with a Standard Specification. The Standard
Practice that defines a sequence of operations that, unlike a Standard Test Method, does not produce a
result. The Standard Guide that provides an organized collection of information or series of options that
does not recommend a specific course of action. The Standard Classification, that provides an
arrangement or division of materials, products, systems, or services into groups based on similar
characteristics such as origin, composition, properties, or use. The Terminology Standard that provides
agreed definitions of terms used in the other standards. The quality of the standards is such that they are
Frequently used worldwide.
Membership and organization:
 Membership in the organization is open to anyone with an interest in its activities.
 Standards are developed within committees, and new committees are formed as needed, upon
request of interested members.
Membership in most committees is voluntary and is initiated by the member’s own request, not by
appointment or by invitation.
 Members are classified as users, producers, consumers, and "general interest". The latter include
academics and consultants.
 Users include industry users, who may be producers in the context of other technical committees,
and end-users such as consumers.
 In order to meet the requirements of antitrust laws, producers must constitute less than 50% of every
committee or subcommittee, and votes are limited to one per Producer Company. Because of these
restrictions, there can be a substantial waiting-list of producers seeking organizational memberships
on the more popular committees. Members can, however, participate without a formal vote and their

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input will be fully considered. As of 2014, ASTM has more than 30,000 members, including over
1,150 organizational members, from more than 150 countries. ASTM International presents several
awards for contributions to standards authorship, including the ASTM International Award of Merit
(the organization's highest award) ASTM International is classified by the United States Internal
Revenue Service as a 501(c) (3) nonprofit organization.
Standards compliance:
ASTM International has no role in requiring or enforcing compliance with its standards. The
standards, however, may become mandatory when referenced by an external contract, corporation, or
government.
 In the United States, ASTM standards have been adopted, by incorporation or by reference, in many
federal, state, and municipal government regulations. The National Technology Transfer and
Advancement Act, passed in 1995, require the federal government to use privately developed
consensus standards whenever possible. The Act reflects what had long been recommended as best
practice within the federal government.
 Other governments (local and worldwide) also have referenced ASTM standards
 Corporations doing international business may choose to reference an ASTM standard.
 All toys sold in the United States must meet the safety requirements of ASTM F963, Standard
Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety, as part of the Consumer Product Safety
Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA). The law makes the ASTM F963 standard a mandatory
requirement for toys while the
 Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) studies the standard's effectiveness and issues final
consumer guidelines for toy safety.
List of ASTM International standards:
A:
 ASTM-A126: Standard specification for three classes of gray iron for castings intended for use as
valve pressure retaining parts, pipe fittings, and flanges.
 ASTM-A148: Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes
 ASTM-A240: Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate,
Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications

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 ASTM-A380: Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts,
Equipment, and Systems
 ASTM-A743: Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron- Chromium-Nickel,
Corrosion Resistant, for General Application
B:
 B29-03: Standard Specification for Refined Lead
 B39-79(2008): Standard Specification for Nickel
 B106-08: Standard Test Methods for Felicity of Thermostat Metals
 B117 : Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
 B154-05: Standard Test Method for Miraculous Nitrate Test for Copper Alloys.
D:
 ASTM-D86: Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
 ASTM-D1003: Standard Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent
Plastics
 ASTM-D543: Chemical Resistance
 ASTM-D570: Water Absorption
 ASTM-D1056: Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials Sponge or Expanded Rubber
 ASTM-D1708: Tensile Strength
 ASTM-D1894: Coefficient of Friction
 ASTM-D2240: Hardness
 ASTM-D3566: Standard Practice for Rubber—Determination of Bromine in the Presence of
Chlorine by Oxygen Combustion
E:
 ASTM-E8: Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
 ASTM-E18: Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of
Metallic Materials
 ASTM-E31: Healthcare Informatics
 ASTM-E96: Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials
 ASTM-E112: Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size

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 ASTM-E460: Practice for Determining Effect of Packaging on Food and Beverage Products
During Storage
 ASTM-E779: Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan
Pressurization
 ASTM-E1417: Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing
 ASTM-E1444: Standard Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing
 ASTM E2500: Standard Guide for Specification, Design, and Verification of Pharmaceutical
and Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing Systems and Equipment
F:
 ASTM-F86: Standard Practice for Surface Preparation and Marking of Metallic Surgical
Implants
 ASTM-F136: Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium ELI
(Extra Low Interstitial) Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications
 ASTM-F436: Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers.
G:
 G-1: Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens
 G-3: Standard Practice for Conventions Applicable to Electrochemical Measurements in Corrosion
Testing
 G-7: Standard Practice for Atmospheric Environmental Exposure Testing of Nonmetallic Materials
 G-11: Standard Test Method for Effects of Outdoor Weathering on Pipeline Coatings
 G-15: Standard Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Testing
 G-21: Standard Practice for Determining Resistance of Synthetic Polymeric Materials to Fungi
 G-30: Standard Practice for Making and Using U-Bend Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens
 G-73: Standard Practice for Liquid Impingement Erosion Testing
 G-74: Standard Test Method for Ignition Sensitivity of Materials to Gaseous Fluid Impact
 G-75: Standard Test Method for Determination of Slurry Abrasively (Miller Number) and Slurry
Abrasion Response of Materials (SAR Number)
 G-187: Standard Test Method for Measurement of Soil Resistivity Using the Two-Electrode Soil
Box Method.
Objective:
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Flexibility-Users may desire to incorporate sustainable aspects within the scalable framework
throughout any or all phases of the cleanup, or any size of site.
 For simplicity the term cleanup is used in the guide when referring to any of the cleanup phases, for
example site assessment, remedy selection, remedy design and8implementation, remedy
optimization, operation, maintenance and monitoring, and closure.
 Implementation of the guide is site-specific. The user may choose to customize the implementation
of the guide for particular types of sites, for example, UST sites, dry cleaner sites, or particular
phases of cleanup. Customization may be particularly relevant for groups of small, non-complex
sites. Considerations— the information provided in this guide provides a framework to evaluate
sustainable aspects in the context of site cleanup.
 The guide helps users identify factors and activities they may want to consider in cleanup projects,
while protecting human health and the environment. Sustainable Performance Criterion—Based on
the sustainable objectives identified for the site, users should implement one or more best
management practices that substantially benefit each of the sustainable aspects (environmental,
social and economic), see Section 6 for details.
 The user should demonstrate these benefits through publicly available documentation. Substantial
benefits must be over and above those achieved by existing regulatory requirements, unless a
regulatory agency adopts this guide for cleanup sites. In that case the regulatory agency will
determine what constitutes substantial benefits under its own regulations. Transparency Goal—the
user should document the activities and evaluations performed while using this guide. The
documentation is needed to demonstrate the sustainable benefits through public disclosure and
transparency. See Section 8 for more information.| 9Stakeholder Involvement—the user should
engage stakeholders as early as possible in the cleanup process.
 The planning and scoping phase of the project should identify the perspectives and values of the
stakeholders and use that information to inform decision-making. Elimination of Uncertainty—
Professional judgment, interpretation, and some uncertainty are inherent in the process, even when
exercised in accordance with objective scientific principles. In addition, new concepts and methods
for integrating sustainable objectives into cleanup results will develop in the future.
 Not every property will warrant the same level of evaluation of alternatives or approaches for
integrating sustainable objectives in cleanup. The appropriate level of assessment and evaluation

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should be guided by the complexity of the cleanup project, the extent of impacts, the relative costs
and benefits of various cleanup options and sustainable improvements, the potential limitation of
resources for the cleanup, the future use of the site, other considerations associated with the site and
affected community, and the regulatory requirements.
 Worker health and safety issues are one of many considerations in the site cleanup decision-making
process. If two approaches are equally protective of human health and the environment and fully
meet regulatory requirements, then the one that is expected to provide greater worker safety should
generally be preferred. Worker health and safety should not be used as a rationale for avoiding
cleanup at sites.

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