SON for LTE Networks

Peter Merz
Head Radio Systems
Nokia Siemens Networks
11th July 2011 – Research Days

1 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Nokia Siemens Networks:
A global company with a rich heritage

• Joint Venture of Nokia and Siemens,

recently acquired Motorola’s wireless networks infrastructure business
• Started operations on April 1, 2007
• €12.7 bn net sales in 2010
• 120+ years of telecom experience
• ~73,000 employees
• ~46,000 service professionals (including externals)
• > 80 out of the top 100 operators worldwide
• 150+ countries
• 3 billion mobile subscribers and ¼ of world’s voice households served
2010 Wireless infrastructure revenues

Ericsson NSN Huawei ALU ZTE NEC Cisco

& Nortel + Motorola

Notes: Wireless networks revenues include Radio, Core and MWR

Source: NSN SBD IPS estimates; financial statements; Huawei revenue estimated based on its 2010 report

2 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
 Load and Service Based HO
within U900 & U2100
Example of manual
PrxTarget = 8dB
Prxoffset = 2dB
PrxTargetPSMax = 8dB
PrxLoadMarginDCH = 4dB
PrxLoadMarginEDCH = 0dB
PrxLoadMarginMaxDCH = 0dB
PrxMaxTargetBTS = 12dB
PtxTarget = 42dBm (20W LPA)
PtxOffset = 1dB
PtxTargetPSMax = 42dBm
LHOPwrOffsetUL = -1 dB
SLHOUseBackgroundPSNRTData = 1 (LB HO)
SLHOUseConvCSSpeech = 1 (LB HO)
SLHOUseConvPSRTData = 0 (none)
parameter
SLHOUseConvPSSpeech = 0 (none)
settings needed in establishing
SLHOUseInteractivePSNRTData = 1 (LB HO)
U900 SLHOUseStreamCSNTData = 0 (none)
Base Station adjacencies.
SLHOUseStreamPSRTData = 0 (none)
Reservation of SF128 codes in the
cell (including only min HS-PDSCH
LHOResRateSC = 90% codes (5) SLHOprofileConvCSspeech = 4
Averaging of code tree usage (WCDMAmacro)
LHOWinSizeONResRateSC = 15s measurements to decide overload
If averaged code tree usage measurements SLHOprofileConvCSTdata = 2 (WCDMA)
LHOWinSizeOFFResRateSC = 5s are above overload threshold fort his amount
overload state is decided SLHOprofileConvPSspeech = 2 (WCDMA)
LHOHystTimeResRateSC = 2s If averaged code tree measurements are
below the over load thresholds then system
SLHOprofileConvPSRTdata = 2 (WCDMA)
LHODelayOFFResRateSC = 30s will wait this long until this cell status is SLHOprofileStreamCSNTdata = 2 (WCDMA)
LHONumbUEInterFreq = 2 changed back to “not over loaded”
How long time PS R99 NRT has to be active
SLHOprofileStreamPSRTdata = 2 (WCDMA)
LHOMinNrtDchAllocTime = 20s before it can be as a target for LB HO SLHOprofileInteractivePSNRTdata = 4
NCHOThrComLoadMeasDRNCCell = 80 (WCDMAmacro)
NCHOHystComLoadMeasDRNCCel = 3s SLHOprofileBackgroundPSNRTdata = 4
Have you ever tried to manage
NCHOFilterCoeffComLoadMeasDRNCCell = 15
SLHOHandlingOfCellLoadMeasNotActRNC = 0 (if U2100
(WCDMAmacro)
SLHOCmAllowedNRT = 1
PS R99 NRT users are
allowed to use Compressed
Mode for LB HO

LHOPwrOffsetDL = -2 dB 30.000 elements with hundreds

supports load measurements this could be set to 1=blocked)
LHOWinSizeONInterference = 15s
LHOWinSizeOFFInterference = 5s
LHOHystTimeInterference = 2s
LHODelayOFFInterference = 30s
Lowest HSPA loaded U2100
layer based on U2100 HSPA
load sharing
Main HSPA layer and
secondary R99 layer
3 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Averaging of interference measurements to decide overload
measurements (if the terminal
InterFreqMinSLHOInterval = penetration for dual receiver
terminals is high enough this
30s (not really applicable) could be set to 0)
of parameters each by hand?
If averaged interference measurements are
above overload threshold fort his amount AdjiHCSpriority = 3 (lowest priority WCDMAm)
Load measurements not available then the
whole frequency is NOT blocked (not
overload state is decided known if U2100 RNC as DRNC delivers the
AdjiHandlingBlockedCellSLHO = 1
If averaged interference load measurements load information), if load info is delivered
AdjiComLoadMeasDRNCCellNCHO = 0 (not activated), if then the parameter value can be changed
are below the over load thresholds then system
supported by U2100 then 1 to 0
will wait this long until this cell status is
changed back to “not over loaded” AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO = 10s
AdjiMinRscpNCHO = - 102dBm (macro), -92 (micro), -90dBm AdjiHCSpriority = 0 (highest priority
U2100 f1 (indoor)
AdjiMinEcNoNCHO = -12dB (macro), -8 (micro), -8 (indoor)
WCDMA macro)
AdjiHandlingBlockedCellSLHO = 1
AdjiTxPwrDPCH = 24dBm AdjiComLoadMeasDRNCCellNCHO = 0
AdjiEcNoOffsetNCHO = 3dB AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO = 10s
AdjiMinRscpNCHO = - 102dBm
U2100 f3 (macro), -92 (micro), -90dBm (indoor)
AdjiMinEcNoNCHO = -12dB (macro), -8
(micro), -8 (indoor)
AdjiHCSpriority = 1 (2nd highest priority WCDMA macro)
AdjiTxPwrDPCH = 24dBm
AdjiHandlingBlockedCellSLHO = 1
AdjiEcNoOffsetNCHO = 3dB
AdjiComLoadMeasDRNCCellNCHO = 0
AdjiPenaltyTimeNCHO = 10s
U2100 f2 AdjiMinRscpNCHO = - 102dBm (macro), -92 (micro), -90dBm (indoor)
AdjiMinEcNoNCHO = -12dB (macro), -8 (micro), -8 (indoor)
G900 AdjiTxPwrDPCH
SON for LTE Networks – Research Days = 24dBm
2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
AdjiEcNoOffsetNCHO = 3dB
Drivers for Self Organizing Networks

• Saturated markets, revenue per bit is dropping

• Parallel operation of LTE with 2G and 3G networks
• Large and complex number and structure of
network parameters
• Expanding number of Base Stations (HetNet)

• OPEX reduction – reduce human interaction

• Configure & optimize the network automatically

• But allow the operator to be the final control instance

4 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
Operator Motivation for Self Organizing Networks
(Source: Deutsche Telekom)
Question

w/o SON with SON

5 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
Drivers for SON are Quality and OPEX
- decisive push through NGMN

sustained
network
quality

faster adopt to
rollout & netw. subscriber
extensions behavior

SON
drivers “it is of vital interest to
operators to minimize
simplify reduce operational effort by
network OPEX
operation introducing self-organizing
minimize mechanisms “
effort for
addl. LTE NGMN White Paper,
operation Dec. 2006

6 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
Main Functionality of Self Organizing Networks

Self-healing: automatic detection, localization

and removal of failures
• Alarm correlation
• Root cause analysis
• Sleeping-cell detection
Self- • Cell outage compensation
Self-optimisation: auto-tune the network with healing
the help of UE and eNB measurements on local
• Coverage and capacity optimization
eNB level and/or network management level Self- • Inter-cell interference coordination
optimization • Energy saving

Self-configuration: automated network • Auto-connectivity / -configuration

Self-
integration of new eNB by auto connection configuration
• Dynamic radio configuration
• Automatic neighbor cell
and auto configuration, core connectivity (S1) configuration
and automated neighbour site configuration (X2)

Configure & optimize the network automatically, but

allow the operator to be the final control instance

7 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
LTE Network Management Architecture

Network Management
SON
Itf-N Itf-N

Domain Domain Domain

Management Management Management
SON SON

Itf-S Itf-S Itf-S

X2
X2
X2
eNB eNB eNB eNB
SON SON SON SON

S1
MME
Single vendor domain
SAE-GW
Connected via open interfaces to
SON de-centralized SON functionality
systems from other vendors
SON centralized SON functionality

The colour of a box denotes a vendor. Straight lines denote open interfaces.

8 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
Implementation challenge:
Where to allocate SON functions best ?
Large High
SON function execution:

size of statistical database

decision complexity
function allocation?
Centralized
= large number of cells
involved

Distributed
< SON function >
~ 2 cells involved
(e.g. Hand Over optim.)

reaction speed
Local
= single cell scope
pre-operational in operation

Fast
Optimization criteria
9 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
NSN’s view on optimized function allocation

SON function
execution • Handover Relation Opt. (multiRAT)
• Phy. Cell ID assignment • Coverage and Capacity Optim.
centralized • Cell Outage Compensation
• Automatic Neighbor Relations
• Energy Saving

• Phy. HO Optimization (Hyst.)

distributed
• Automatic Neighbor Relation • Real-time Load Balancing

• RACH optimization
• Auto configuration
local • CQI adaptation
• Node Authentication
• Load balancing
• Auto connection
• …..

pre-operational in operation

10 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
SON Principle: From Observations to Root Cause
Detecting the Root Cause of a Problem
• from a large vector of input data
• while multiple changes impact the network concurrently
• ambiguity of observations
• trial-and-error in a live NW is prohibitive due to the risk of negative performance
impact, effort and required time
Observation

Ping-Pong Capacity
RLF
HO Problems
Cause

Wrong Too Late Too Early High Cell Cell

Cov. Hole
Cell HO HO Overlap Overload
Mobility Robustness Load Balancing

Coverage & Capacity Optimization

RLF: Radio Link
Failure
Function

HO: Handover
SON

Power / Tilt HO Parameter

Optimization Optimization

11 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
Nokia Siemens Networks enabled products
... its about orchestration
eNB EMS/NMS MME & SAE-GW

Flexi Multimode BTS NetAct OSS5.2 CD 2 Flexi Network Server

NetAct Unify ( E/2011) Flexi NS
SON
SON

Entry level configuration:

Rack mounted servers

SON
SON
Flexi Network
Gateway
Flexi-NG
Certification Authority
Nokia Siemens Networks entity
Management System for
Public Key Infrastructure
Medium &
SON large configuration:
Blade servers

12 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
SON Use cases in 3GPP
RAN SA 5

SON Conflict Resolution Rel.10

Self-healing •Cell Outage Compensation Rel.10

Self- • Mobility Robustness Optimization

optimization • Mobility Load Balancing
Rel.10
Rel.10 extensions • Coverage and Capacity Optimization
• 3G ANR

• Mobility Robustness Optimization

Self- • Mobility Load Balancing Rel.9
Rel.9 optimization • Energy Saving
• RACH Optimization Rel.10

Self- • SON Plug and Play

Rel.8 configuration • Automated Neighbor Relations Management (also Self-Opt) Rel.8
• Automatic SW Mgmt and Automatic Radio Configuration (R9)

Rel.10 Minimization of Drive Tests Rel.10

13 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
What’s next: … SON for LTE-A / Beyond 4G

Key ingredients
Carrier Aggregation
up to 100 MHz

… Carrier 5
Carrier 1Carrier 2Carrier 3
Backward
MIMO compatible
8x 4x to LTE
Smooth
Migration
Cooperative Systems
to LTE-A

Relaying
Mobility

Heterogeneous
Networks

14 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
SEASON
System Experience of Advanced SON

 Realtime multi user, multi-cell radio real time or faster

network emulator supporting dozens
of sites and more than 1000
terminals
2D/3D
 System requirements: display mode real world
Windows @ standard laptop deployments
 Interactive control via graphical I/F available
 Timescale: 100 ms mid 2011
 Designed for evaluation and
visualization of SON features:
(Multi-RAT) ANR, LB, CoC, Tilt Opt.,
MRO, MDT, Energy Saving
 Traffic Steering: Multi-RAT and
Multi-Layer scenarios cell specific site
 LTHE: Multi-Flow Operation configuration
 Cognitive Radio: Multi operator
frequency sharing (’licensing light’)
 Version 2: Support of Real World
deployments (Munich City Center) SON feature
configurable dependent aggregated
UE reports control window KPI plots

15 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
 SEASON Demos
1. Tilt Optimization
2. Cell Outage Compensation (COC)
3. Load Balancing (LB)
4. Automatic Neighbor Relations (ANR) rural area
inter site distance: 3.5 km
urban area
inter site distance: 1.2 km

16 © Nokia Siemens Networks

Commercial Break

• NSN Editors & Authors

• Publication: 01/2012
• Hardback, ~448 pages
• ISBN 978-1-119-97067-5
• Table of Contents:
1. Introduction
2. LTE Overview
3. Self-Organizing Networks (SON)
4. Self-Configuration (“Plug-and-Play”)
5. Self-Optimization
6. Self-Healing
7. Supporting function: Minimization of Drive
Tests
8. SON for Core Networks
9. SON operation
10. SON for Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet)
11. Future Research Topics

17 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz
 Thank you
www.nokiasiemensnetwork.com
Nokia Siemens Networks GmbH & Co. KG
St-Martin-Str. 76
81541 Munich
Germany

Peter Merz
Head Radio Systems
peter.merz@nsn.com
Mobile +49 160 97206676
Phone +49 89 5159 31087

18 © Nokia Siemens Networks SON for LTE Networks – Research Days 2011 – 11.07.2011 – Peter Merz