TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES – MANILA

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN

CE 511

PLATE # 5
(10 COMMON STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN TERMINOLOGIES)

RATING

SUBMITTED BY:
STUDENT NUMBER GULAPA, MICHAEL P. SIGNATURE
1812871
CE51S1

SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. JOEVANNIE EMMANUEL C. LUMAGAS

DATE SUBMITTED:
6 NOVEMBER 2020
 Footings
Footings are an important part of
foundation construction. They are typically
made of concrete with rebar reinforcement
that has been poured into an excavated
trench. The purpose of footings is to
support the foundation and prevent settling.
Footings are especially important in areas
with troublesome soils.

Purlins
In steel construction, the
term purlin typically refers to roof framing
members that span parallel to the
building eave, and support the roof
decking or sheeting. The purlins are in
turn supported by rafters or walls.

Archspan
A proprietary REIDsteel name
for a patented form of tied
arch, with pitched or parabolic
roof slopes which can be
used to span large spans cost
effectively.
 Wind Bracing
Wind on a building gives
horizontal loads and uplift loads
that must be resisted. The
rafters resist the uplift; and
sometimes the main frames
themselves can resist the
sideways sway loading on the
stanchions; and sometimes this
sway loading is resisted by end
to end bracing at roof level.

Columns
A column or pillar in architecture
and structural engineering is a structural
element that transmits,
through compression, the weight of the
structure above to other structural
elements below. In other words, a column
is a compression member.

Circular Hollow Sections

Are hollow steel tubes that are round. CHS.
Hot rolled tubes are made from red-hot flat which
is rolled into a circle then welded along a seam;
Cold rolled tubes are made from a cold flat which
is forced into a circle and welded. This has
consequences as the cold rolled tube has large
built in stresses so is generally not so good as hot
rolled.

Flashings
where bits of sheeting meet, at doors, at
windows, at corners, at ridges, at the join
between wall sheet and masonry, there is
always a need for flashings, purpose made
shapes of coated steel to trim the edges.
Gable Posts: Usually the end of a building rises to
a ridge, and this is called the ‘Gable End’. The
rafter on the gable end is supported by the gable
posts, which carry the wind loads from the
sheeting rails into the bracing structure.
 Ridge Vents and Wall Vents: In hot climates, if people are working in a building, it is good
practice for the comfort of the workers to have good ventilation. Hot air rises so to prevent heat build-up high in
the building we must let the air escape at the ridge (or Apex).

Zed Sections: Very light load carrying sections can be made from thin flat coil, which is passed through rollers
to bend it into a variety of near Z shapes. These are used for purlins, sheeting rails, and light floor joists.