34 MANALO, Rachel Ann S.

4CMT
LEGEND:
 AHG – Agg reactions enhanced in IATs or by gel technology or solid phase red cell adherence assays
 RT – Agg reactions observed at room temp or lower or with buffered gel card
 HTR – Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction
 HDN – Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
 Warm – in vivo antibody binding temperature is at 37C
 Cold – in vivo antibody binding is at room temperature or lower
 Enzyme activity : Antibody reaction with reagent red cells treated with papain and ficin
o → - no significant change
o ↑ - enhanced activity
o ↓ - decreased activity
o V – variable reaction
o X – no effect with reagent red cells treated with papain and ficin

NATURE OF ANTIGEN NATURE OF ANTIBODIES

ISBT Chrom RBC Enzym Immunoglobulin Reaction Optimal Clinical
Blood Group Antigen ISBT Frequency Antigen Dosage Stimulate
Syste Gene -osome Expressio e Class Phase Temperature Significance
System Name Name Distribution Exhibition d by
m No. location Whites Blacks n at Birth Activity IgM IgG (in vivo) (in vitro) HTR HDN
Lea LE1 22% 23% RBC or rare
Lewis 007 FUT3 19p null no ↑ Non-RBC ✅ RT/AHG warm/cold no
Leb LE2 72% 55% plasma no
I weak RBC, WBC,
I 027 GCNT2 6p platelets, no ↑ non-RBC ✅ RT cold no
ABO RELATED

i strong
body fluids
P1 P1PK 79% 9% variable ✅ RT cold no
RBC, WBC,
GLOB yes
P Platelets Rare
1
P 003 A4GALT 22q moderate ↑ Non-RBC
100% RBC, no ✅ ✅ RT/AHG warm/cold
Pk P1PK3 platelets, rare -
fibroblasts
NON-ABO RELATED

Jka JK1 77% 91%

yes
Kidd 009 SLCI4A1 18q JK2 73% 43% strong RBC only ↑ RBC ✅ AHG warm yes
Jkb
JK3 100% no
K KEL1 9% rare
K KEL2 98.8% 100%
Kpa KEL3 2% rare
✅
Kell 006 KEL Kpb KEL4 99.9% 100% strong occasionally →/ X RBC AHG warm yes
Jsa KEL6 0.01% 20%
RBC only
17q Jsb KEL7 99.9% 99%
Kx - 99%
Lua LU1 8% 5% non-RBC RT no very mildly
yes ✅ ✅
Lutheran 005 LU 19q b LU2 weak → warm/cold
Lu 99.8% 99.9% RBC AHG yes mildly
LU3 no
Duffy 008 DARC 1q Fya FY1 65% 10% strong RBC only yes X RBC ✅ AHG warm yes
Fyb FY2 83% 23%
 FY3
FY5 present
100% 32% no
on cord
FY6
cells
M MNS1 78% 74%
X non-RBC ✅ RT/AHG rare
GYPA, N MNS2 72% 75%
yes
MNS 002 GYPB,GYP 4q S MNS3 55% 31% strong RBC only warm
V ✅ AHG
E s MNS4 89% 93% RBC yes
U MNS5 99% no

References:
Harmening, D.M (2012). Modern Blood Banking and Transfusion Practices (6th Edition). Philadelphia, P.A: F.A. Davis Company
Howard, P.R. (2017). Basic and Applied Concepts of Blood Banking and Transfusion Practices. (4th Edition). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier, Inc