DIFFERENT NURSING THEORIES

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 Nursing Theories
-is an organized
framework of concepts
and purposes designed
to guide the practice of
nursing.

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 FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
Theory: Environmental Adaptation Theory

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BORN-May 12, 1820 – Aug 13, 1910 Founder of modern
nursing
 serving as a nurse during the Crimean War, where she
tended to wounded soldiers.
 known as "The Lady with the Lamp" after her habit of
making rounds at night.
 Nightingale laid the foundation of professional nursing
with the establishment of her nursing school at St
Thomas' Hospital in London. It was the first secular
nursing school in the world, now part of King's College
London. TheNightingale Pledge taken by new nurses was
named in her honour,
 On 13 August 1910, at the age of 90, she died peacefully
in her sleep in her room at 10 South Street, Mayfair,
London.
 10/5/2020
statue of Florence Nightingale in Waterloo
asn Place, 4
 FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE

nursing "is an act of

utilizing the
environment of the
patient to assist him in
his recovery"

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 FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
5 Factors for a Healthy Environment: –
• Pure or fresh air
• Pure water
• Efficient drainage
• Cleanliness
• Light, especially direct sunlight

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 FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
Theory: Environmental Adaptation Theory

Environmental factors affecting health

Pure fresh air

-"to keep the air he breathes as pure as the external air
without chilling him."

Pure water-
"well water of a very impure kind is used for domestic
purposes. And when epidemic disease shows itself, persons using
such water are almost sure to suffer."

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 FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
Theory: Environmental Adaptation Theory

Environmental factors affecting health

Effective drainage-
- "all the while the sewer maybe nothing but a laboratory
from which epidemic disease and ill health is being installed into the
house."

Cleanliness-
-"the greater part of nursing consists in preserving
cleanliness."

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 FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
Theory: Environmental Adaptation Theory

Environmental factors affecting health

Light(especially direct sunlight)-

- "the usefulness of light in treating disease is very
important."

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 FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
Theory: Environmental Adaptation Theory

Environmental factors affecting health

Sufficient food supply

Health of houses
• Presence of fresh air
• Pure water
• Efficient drainage
• Cleanliness

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 Ernestine Wiedenbach

CLINICAL NURSING- A HELPING ART MODEL

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 Ernestine Wiedenbach
• Born in August 18, 1900,
in Hamburg, Germany.
• KEY ELEMENTS
• proposes 4 main
elements to clinical
nursing.
– a philosophy
– a purpose
– a practice and
– the art.
CLINICAL NURSING- A HELPING ART MODEL
 Born August 18, 1900, in Hamburg, Germany
 1996 passed away
 1958 she wrote “Family Centered Maternity Nursing”
 Clinical practice areas included nurse-midwife and public
health
 Wiedenbach established the nurse-midwifery program at Yale
University
 She taught at Yale along with Ida Orlando and Virginia
Henderson

Wiedenbach believed that there were 3 essential components

associated with a nursing philosophy( study of ideas,knowledge )
1.Reverence for life
2.Respect for the dignity, worth, autonomy and individuality
of each human being and…
3.Resolution to act on personally and professionally held
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asn
beliefs.
 Ernestine Wiedenbach
The patient
• "Any individual who is receiving help of some kind, be it care,
instruction or advice from a member of the health profession
or from a worker in the field of health.“

• any person who has entered the healthcare system and is

receiving help of some kind, such as care, teaching, or advice.

• The patient need not be ill since someone receiving health-

related education would qualify as a patient.

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 2013 Guinness world of record

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 Ernestine Wiedenbach

Wiedenbach believed that there were 3 essential

components associated with a nursing philosophy

• Reverence for life

• Respect for the dignity, worth, autonomy and
individuality of each human being and
• Resolution to act on personally and professionally
held beliefs.

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 Ernestine Wiedenbach
4 main elements to clinical nursing.

The Philosophy

The nurses' philosophy is their attitude and belief about life

and how that effected reality for them.

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 Ernestine Wiedenbach
4 main elements to clinical nursing.

The Purpose

what the nurse wants to

Nurses purpose is that: accomplish through what she does

all of the activities directed towards the overall good of the

patient.

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 Ernestine Wiedenbach
4 main elements to clinical nursing.

The Practice

Practice are those

observable nursing actions that are affected by beliefs and

feelings about meeting the patient’s need for help.

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 Ernestine Wiedenbach
4 main elements to clinical nursing.
The Art
The Art of nursing includes:

• understanding patients needs and concerns

• developing goals and actions intended to enhance
patients ability
• directing the activities related to the medical
plan to improve the patients condition

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 Ernestine Wiedenbach
4 main elements to clinical nursing.

The Art

The Art of nursing includes:

• The nurses also focuses on prevention of

complications related to reoccurrence or
development of new concerns

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