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This Article Is About The Number. For The Year, See - For Other Uses, See and - "8th" Redirects Here. For Other Uses, See
This Article Is About The Number. For The Year, See - For Other Uses, See and - "8th" Redirects Here. For Other Uses, See
←7 8 9→
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 →
List of numbers — Integers
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Cardinal eight
Ordinal 8th
(eighth)
Factorization 23
Divisors 1, 2, 4,
Greek numeral Η´
Greek prefix octa-/oct-
Latin prefix octo-/oct-
Binary 10002
Ternary 223
Octal 108
Duodecimal 812
Hexadecimal 816
Greek η (or Η)
Arabic, Kurdish, Persian, Sindhi, Urdu ٨
Amharic ፰
Bengali ৮
Devanāgarī ८
Kannada ೮
Malayalam ൮
Telugu ౮
Tamil ௮
Hebrew ח
Khmer ៨
Thai ๘
Armenian Ըը
Contents
1In mathematics
o 1.1List of basic calculations
2Etymology
3Glyph
4In science
o 4.1Physics
o 4.2Astronomy
o 4.3Chemistry
o 4.4Geology
o 4.5Biology
o 4.6Psychology
5In technology
o 5.1In measurement
6In culture
o 6.1Currency
o 6.2Architecture
o 6.3In religion, folk belief and divination
6.3.1Hinduism
6.3.2Buddhism
6.3.3Judaism
6.3.4Christianity
6.3.5Islam
6.3.6Taoism
6.3.7Other
6.3.8As a lucky number
6.3.9In astrology
o 6.4In music and dance
o 6.5In film and television
o 6.6In sports and other games
o 6.7In foods
o 6.8In literature
o 6.9In slang
7See also
8References
9External links
In mathematics
8 is:
Multiplication 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Divis 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 15
ion 2
1. 1.142 0. 0.7 0. 0.615 0.571 0.5
8 ÷ x 8 4 2.6 2 1.6 1 0.8
3 857 8 2 6 384 428 3
Expon
entiati 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
on
6
2 65 39 167 576 167 1000 2143
8 5 4304 42998 81573
x 1 5 53 06 961 480 772 0000 5888
6 6721 1696 0721
6 6 25 6 1 16 0 1
1
Etymology
English eight, from Old English eahta, æhta, Proto-Germanic *ahto is a direct continuation
of Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓ(w)-, and as such cognate with Greek ὀκτώ and Latin octo-, both
of which stems are reflected by the English prefix oct(o)-, as in the ordinal
adjective octaval or octavary, the distributive adjective is octonary. The
adjective octuple (Latin octu-plus) may also be used as a noun, meaning "a set of eight items";
the diminutive octuplet is mostly used to refer to eight siblings delivered in one birth.
The Semitic numeral is based on a root *θmn-, whence Akkadian smn-, Arabic ṯmn-,
Hebrew šmn- etc. The Chinese numeral, written 八 (Mandarin: bā; Cantonese: baat), is
from Old Chinese *priāt-, ultimately from Sino-Tibetan b-r-gyat or b-g-ryat which also yielded
Tibetan brgyat.
It has been argued that, as the cardinal number 7 is the highest number of item that can
universally be cognitively processed as a single set, the etymology of the numeral eight might
be the first to be considered composite, either as "twice four" or as "two short of ten", or
similar. The Turkic words for "eight" are from a Proto-Turkic stem *sekiz, which has been
suggested as originating as a negation of eki "two", as in "without two fingers" (i.e., "two short
of ten; two fingers are not being held up");[12] this same principle is found in Finnic *kakte-ksa,
which conveys a meaning of "two before (ten)". The Proto-Indo-European
reconstruction *oḱtṓ(w)- itself has been argued as representing an old dual, which would
correspond to an original meaning of "twice four". Proponents of this "quaternary
hypothesis" adduce the numeral 9, which might be built on the stem new-, meaning "new"
(indicating the beginning of a "new set of numerals" after having counted to eight). [13]
Glyph
Evolution of the numeral 8 from the Indians to the Europeans
The modern 8 glyph, like all modern Arabic numerals (other than zero) originates with
the Brahmi numerals. The Brahmi numeral for eight by the 1st century was written in one
stroke as a curve └┐ looking like an uppercase H with the bottom half of the left line and the
upper half of the right line removed. However the eight glyph used in India in the early
centuries of the Common Era developed considerable variation, and in some cases took the
shape of a single wedge, which was adopted into the Perso-Arabic tradition as ٨ (and also
gave rise to the later Devanagari numeral ८); the alternative curved glyph also existed as a
variant in Perso-Arabic tradition, where it came to look similar to our glyph 5.[year needed]
The numerals as used in Al-Andalus by the 10th century were a distinctive western variant of
the glyphs used in the Arabic-speaking world, known as ghubār numerals (ghubār translating
to "sand table"). In these numerals, the line of the 5-like glyph used in Indian manuscripts for
eight came to be formed in ghubār as a closed loop, which was the 8-shape that became
adopted into European use in the 10th century.[14]
Just as in most modern typefaces, in typefaces with text figures the 8 character usually has
In science
Physics
The atomic number of oxygen.[19]
The most stable allotrope of a sulfur molecule is made of eight sulfur atoms arranged in a
rhombic form.[20]
The maximum number of electrons that can occupy a valence shell.
The red pigment lycopene consists of eight isoprene units.[21]
Geology
In technology
A byte is eight bits.[31]
Many (mostly historic) computer architectures are eight-bit, among them the Nintendo
Entertainment System.
Standard-8 and Super-8 are 8 mm film formats.[32]
Video8, Hi8 and Digital8 are related 8 mm video formats.[33]
On most phones, the 8 key is associated with the letters T, U, and V, but on
the BlackBerry it is the key for B, N, and X.
An eight may refer to an eight-cylinder engine or automobile.[34] A V8 engine is
an internal combustion engine with eight cylinders configured in two banks (rows) of
four forming a "V" when seen from the end.
A figure-eight knot (so named for its configuration) is a kind of stopper knot.[35]
The number eight written in parentheses is the code for the musical note in Windows
Live Messenger.
In a seven-segment display, when an 8 is illuminated, all the display bulbs are on.
In measurement
The SI prefix for 10008 is yotta (Y), and for its reciprocal, yocto (y).
In liquid measurement (United States customary units), there are eight fluid ounces in
a cup, eight pints in a gallon and eight tablespoonfuls in a gill.[36]
There are eight furlongs in a mile.[37]
The clove, an old English unit of weight, was equal to eight pounds when measuring
cheese.[38]
An eight may be an article of clothing of the eighth size.
Force eight is the first wind strength attributed to a gale on the Beaufort scale when
announced on a Shipping Forecast.[39]
In culture
Currency
Sailors and civilians alike from the 1500s onward referred to evenly divided parts of
the Spanish Dollar as "pieces of eight", or "bits".
Architecture
Also known as Ashtha, Aṣṭa, or Ashta in Sanskrit, it is the number of wealth and
abundance.
The Goddess of wealth and prosperity Lakshmi has eight forms which is known as Ashta
Lakshmi and worshipped as:
"Maha-lakshmi, Dhana-lakshmi, Dhanya-lakshmi, Gaja-lakshmi,
Santana-lakshmi, Veera-lakshmi, Vijaya-lakshmi and Vidhya-lakshmi"[40]
There are eight nidhi, or seats of wealth according to Hinduism.
There are eight Guardians of the directions known as Astha-dikpalas.[41]
There are eight Hindu monasteries established by
saint Madhvacharya in Udupi, India popularly known as the Ashta Mathas of Udupi.[42]
Buddhism
In Buddhism, the 8-spoked Dharmacakra represents the Noble Eightfold Path
The religious rite of brit milah (commonly known as circumcision) is held on a baby boy's
eighth day of life.[45]
Hanukkah is an eight-day Jewish holiday that starts on the 25th day of Kislev.[46]
Shemini Atzeret (Hebrew: "Eighth Day of Assembly") is a one-day Jewish holiday
immediately following the seven-day holiday of Sukkot.[47]
Christianity
The spiritual Eighth Day, because the number 7 refers to the days of the week (which
repeat themselves).
The number of Beatitudes.[48]
1 Peter 3:20 states that there were eight people on Noah's Ark.[49]
The Antichrist is the eighth king in the Book of Revelation.[50]
Islam
Ba Gua[52]
Ba Xian[53]
Ba Duan Jin
Other
In Wicca, there are eight Sabbats, festivals, seasons, or spokes in the Wheel of the Year.[54]
In Ancient Egyptian mythology, the Ogdoad represents the eight primordial deities of
creation.[55]
In Scientology there are eight dynamics of existence.[56]
As a lucky number
A note played for one-eighth the duration of a whole note is called an eighth note, or
quaver.[62]
An octave, the interval between two musical notes with the same letter name (where one
has double the frequency of the other), is so called because there are eight notes between
the two on a standard major or minor diatonic scale, including the notes themselves and
without chromatic deviation.[63] The ecclesiastical modes are ascending diatonic musical
scales of eight notes or tones comprising an octave.
There are eight notes in the octatonic scale.
There are eight musicians in a double quartet or an octet.[64] Both terms may also refer to
a musical composition for eight voices or instruments.[65]
Caledonians is a square dance for eight, resembling the quadrille.
Albums with the number eight in their title include 8 by the Swedish
band Arvingarna, 8 by the American rock band Incubus,[66] The Meaning of 8 by Minnesota
indie rock band Cloud Cult and 8ight by Anglo-American singer-songwriter Beatie Wolfe.
[67]
"8" is the eighth song on the album When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go? by Billie
Eilish.[77]
In film and television
Eight-ball pool is played with a cue ball and 15 numbered balls, the black ball numbered
8 being the middle and most important one, as the winner is the player or side that
legally pockets it after first pocketing its numerical group of 7 object balls (for other
meanings see Eight ball (disambiguation)).
In chess, each side has eight pawns and the board is made of 64 squares arranged in an
eight by eight lattice. The eight queens puzzle is a challenge to arrange eight queens on
the board so that none can capture any of the others.
In the game of eights or Crazy Eights, each successive player must play a card either of the
same suit or of the same rank as that played by the preceding player, or may play an eight
and call for any suit. The object is to get rid of all one's cards first.
In association football, the number 8 has historically been the number of the Central
Midfielder.
In Australian rules football, the top eight teams at the end of the Australian Football
League regular season qualify for the finals series (i.e. playoffs).
In baseball:
o The center fielder is designated as number 8 for scorekeeping purposes.
o The College World Series, the final phase of the NCAA Division I tournament, features
eight teams.
In rugby union, the only position without a proper name is the Number 8, a forward
position.
In rugby league:
o Most competitions (though not the Super League, which uses static squad numbering)
use a position-based player numbering system in which one of the two starting props
wears the number 8.
o The Australia-based National Rugby League has its own 8-team finals series, similar
but not identical in structure to that of the Australian Football League.
In rowing, an "eight" refers to a sweep-oar racing boat with a crew of eight rowers plus
a coxswain.[87]
In the 2008 Games of the XXIX Olympiad held in Beijing, the official opening was on
08/08/08 at 8:08:08 p.m. CST.
In The Stanley Parable Demonstration, there is an eight button that, when pressed, says
the word eight.
In Mario Kart:
o The Crazy Eight item in Mario Kart 8 allows the player to use eight items at once.
o The number of characters in the starting grid in most games except for Mario Kart
Wii and Mario Kart 8.
In foods
Nestlé sells a brand of chocolates filled with peppermint-flavoured cream called After
Eight, referring to the time 8 p.m.[88]
There are eight vegetables in V8 juice.
In literature