NAME: ESHA

REG NO: 1277-FBAS/BSBT/F19

ASSIGNMENT: FUNCTIONS OF COMPLEX
LIPIDS
SUBMITTED TO: DR. NAUREEN
DATE: 30TH OCT, 2020

INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY

ISLAMABAD
 PHOSPHOLIPIDS

1) GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS:
 Phosphatidylethanolamine:

 The second most abundant phospholipid in mammalian membranes

is phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), which is enriched in mitochondrial inner
membranes (~ 40% of total phospholipids) compared to other organelles (15–25% of
total phospholipids).
 Phosphatidylethanolamines are found in all living cells, composing 25% of all
phospholipids.
 They are found particularly in nervous tissue such as the white matter of brain, nerves,
neural tissue, and in spinal cord, where they make up 45% of all phospholipids.
 Play a role in membrane fusion and in disassembly of the contractile
ring during cytokinesis in cell division.
 Regulates membrane curvature.
 An important precursor, substrate, or donor in several biological pathways metabolism
of phosphatidylethanolamine is thought to be important in the heart. When blood flow
to the heart is restricted, the asymmetrical distribution of phosphatidylethanolamine
between membrane leaflets is disrupted, and as a result the membrane is disrupted.
 Plays a role in the secretion of lipoproteins in the liver.
 Able to propagate infectious prions without the assistance of any proteins or nucleic
acids, this is a unique characteristic of it.
 Play a role in blood clotting, as it works with phosphatidylserine to increase the rate
of thrombin formation by promoting binding to Factor V and Factor X, two proteins
which catalyze the formation of thrombin from prothrombin.
 Principle phospholipid in bacteria. One of the primary roles for
phosphatidylethanolamine in bacterial membranes is to spread out the negative charge
caused by anionic membrane phospholipids.
 In the bacterium E. coli, it plays a role in supporting lactose permeases active transport
of lactose into the cell, and may play a role in other transport systems as well.
 Enables bacterial multidrug transporters to function properly and allows the formation
of intermediates that are needed for the transporters to properly open and close.

 Phosphatidylcholine:

 Phosphatidylcholine might help to protect the wall of the large

intestine in people with a type of inflammatory bowel disease
(ulcerative colitis).