Proceedings-Agile Technical Conference 2020

Proceedings of 1st
Agile Technical
Conference Online
(2020)
Engr. Qazi Arsalan Hamid

(Editor)
Thanks to almighty Allah for this
successfully arranged 1st ever On-
line Pakistan Based Technical Con-
ference in corona times, We com-
piled conference presentations in
this 1 volume, Read, learn and enjoy
TOOLS FOR
OVERHEAD &
UNDERGROUND LINE
SURVEY
MUBASHIR NOORANI
ELECTRICAL ENGINEER (DESIGN)
An investment in knowledge pays
the best interest.”
- BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
TOOLS FOR OH/UG LINE SURVEY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part – 1 Introduction [Slide – 4]
Part – 2 Purpose of Tools / Equipment [Slide – 5,6]
Part – 3 LiDAR SURVEY [Slide – 7-13]
Part – 4 Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) [Slide – 14-18]
Part – 5 Underground Utility Locator [Slide – 19-23]
Part – 6 GNSS System [Slide – 24-27]
Part – 7 Closing [Slide – 28]
Part – 8 QAs [Slide – 29]
PART – 1 INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this presentation is to give information & knowledge regarding some of the widely
used tools in the Electrical Industry for Overhead / Underground Line Survey.
The presentation will be focused & inclined towards the practical use of these equipment rather
than the working principles of these equipment to give a good understanding of the practical results
we can get
The presentation also serves the purpose to provide a motivation to Engineering Professionals that
these equipment can be learnt by any one having genuine interest to enter in the arena of Survey
/Line Design.
PART – 2 PURPOSE OF TOOLS / EQUIPMENT
The purpose of these tools & equipment is multi-dimensional depending in the Industry being used.
This presentation will mainly focus & emphasize on the usage of these equipment in the Electrical
Industry especially in the Distribution Utilities Infrastructure.
The tools can also be used to validate or verify the existing information present & increase the
confidence factor to plan for future works.
The limitations, restrictions, constraints will also be briefly discussed in the coming parts to have an
understanding where other measures will have to be applied to validate/verify existing information.
PART – 2 PURPOSE OF TOOLS / EQUIPMENT [CONTD.]
Primarily used for Overhead / Underground Lines Survey for any future planned / unplanned works
as part of
New Installations
Design
Modelling
Clearance / Spacing Requirements
Augmentation
Improvement Works
Maintenance
Etc.
PART – 3 LiDAR SURVEY
Acronym of Laser Imaging, Detection & Ranging (LiDAR)
Is a method for measuring distances (ranging) by illuminating the target with laser light and measuring the
reflection with a sensor. Differences in laser return times and wavelengths can then be used to make
digital 3-D representations of the target. It has terrestrial, airborne, and mobile applications.
LiDAR sometimes is called 3-D laser scanning, a special combination of a 3-D scanning and laser scanning.
LiDAR scanner that we used can scan and record up to 122,000 points per second with a range of up to
1km line of sight and 10mm accuracy. Each point has a 3D co-ordinate and can also include other attributes
such as colour and reflectance
The data can be prepared and presented for viewing and manipulation in different spatial computing
packages such as AutoCAD, MicroStation, PLS-CADD and 3D GIS platforms to meet Client requirements.
PART – 3 LiDAR EQUIPMENT – IMAGES OF LiDAR SCANNER
PART – 3 LiDAR EQUIPMENT – IMAGES OF LiDAR SCANNER IMAGING
PART – 3 LiDAR SURVEY [CONTD.]
Used for doing Laser 3D scan of the area, vicinity, locality with/without Electrical Networks.
Millions of Dots being stitched, connected, joined to give an image where you will be able to view
them on the LiDAR equipment software.
Can be operated directly with monitoring/control in scanner or via the tablet
The LiDAR file can be opened in AUTOCAD further use in any Project design or drafting.
The Distances, dimensions & measurements can be taken in scanner software or exported to CAD in a
3D format where it can be analysed.
PART – 3 LiDAR SURVEY PURPOSE [CONTD.]
3D Modelling of Network
Clearances & Spacing
Line Design
Geographical View
Surveying
Picking Up Assets
Sag & Spans measurements
Mid Spans Clearances
Etc.
PART – 3 LiDAR SURVEY SAMPLE [CONTD.]
PART – 3 LiDAR SURVEY CONSTRAINTS / RESTRICTIONS [CONTD.]
Obstructions can come in the imaging which can create issues in further analysis.
Is unable to pick below ground assets
Physical conditions might have change in the time if used after some time of imaging.
Can’t tell anything about the soil/ground conditions.
Is an expensive technology to use so difficult to prepare a business case justifying a purchase.
PART 4 – GROUND PENETRATING RADAR (GPR)
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a geophysical method that

consists in emitting short electromagnetic (em) pulses from the
radio spectrum (UHF and VHF frequencies, tens of MHz up to several
GHz) and detecting the reflected signals from subsurface structures.
The pulse (a few tens of nanoseconds long) propagates in a shape of
a cone. The technique is based on the determination of the
difference of speed of light in different type of materials. The
principles involved are similar to reflection seismology, except that
electromagnetic energy is used instead of acoustic energy, and
reflections appear at boundaries with different dielectric constants
instead of acoustic impedances.
PART 4 – GROUND PENETRATING RADAR (GPR)
Detecting and locating underground utilities, such as cables or pipes.
Measuring the depth of underground utilities.
Mapping underground utilities.
Surveying (underground utilities).
Recording raw data and computing coordinates using code signal from GNSS
satellites
(GNSS Systems).
Data communication with external appliances.
PART – GROUND PENETRATING RADAR (GPR) – IMAGES
GPR RADAR REFLECTIONS
GPR REPORT SAMPLE

ZONE SUBSTATION
GPR SCANNING IN
PART 4 – GROUND PENETRATING RADAR (GPR) – CONTD
Consists of two radars one for shallow & one for deep assets
reflections.
Can be used in two methods one with GPS & one without GPS in XY
Grids.
Can pick any assets within ground regardless of metallic or non-
metallic
Control Panel Tablet can store all the information including radar
grams & route on which GPR has performed scanning.
Has multiple display modes to reflect the scanning results of GPR
Radars
Targets can be marked with relevant asset names e.g. water, telecom
etc.
Results can be transferred as CAD files to use for design, drafting,
asset locating, asset verification purpose.
PART 4 – GROUND PENETRATING RADAR (GPR) – CHALLENGES CONTD
Struggles to pick the below ground assets where soil saturation is
high.
Can’t work independently without the absence of any underground
plans i.e. difficult to interpret which asset is running below ground.
Has to be worked in conjunction with existing plans, existing physical
assets e.g. pits, covers, lids to pick the assets.
Doesn’t work effectively when the assets diameter is too thin (e.g.
Control Cables, Fibre Optic Cables)
Route on which GPR runs doesn’t give true results when GPR is
connected with GPS on high interference zones e.g. transmission lines
PART – 5 UTILITY LOCATOR
 Works on the principle of Electromagnetic Induction to located
underground utilities services & metallic pipes
The fundamental principle which this illustrates is that of
electromagnetic induction: any change of magnetic flux linking a
conductor will induce a voltage in it.
Alternating flux is constantly changing, and so induces a
corresponding alternating voltage. We use this principle in two ways:
 a. To impose a signal onto a buried conductor by subjecting it to a magnetic field set
up by an AC signal transmitter in the vicinity,
 b. To detect a signal in a buried conductor by amplifying the tiny voltages induced by
its field in the aerials of a receiver.
PART – 5 UTILITY LOCATOR - USES /PURPOSE
 Detecting and locating underground utilities, such as (electric,
communication, control) cables or metallic pipes.
 Measuring the depth of underground utilities (electric,
communication, control) cables or metallic pipes
 Surveying (underground utilities).
Data communication with external appliances.
Modes: Active / Passive Mode
 Active : Locator uses the signal induced by Signal Generator to detect the UG
Assets
 Passive: Locator used the natural signal present in the UG Assets to pick the
signals in UG Assets.
PART – 5 UTILITY LOCATOR - LOCATING RESULTS
PART – 5 UTILITY LOCATOR - [CONTD]
Active Modes has 3 (three) modes to pick signal in UG Asset
 Induction Mode [Last Preference]
 Clamp Mode [ First Preference]
 Direct Connection Mode . [Second Preference]
Peak with Arrows Response Mode
Modes to view results of UG Locating on locator screen
 Peak
 Null
 Broad Peak
 Delta – Null
 Peak with Arrows
 Peak with Arrows Response Mode
PART – 5 UTILITY LOCATOR CHALLENGES- [CONTD]
Can only pick Metallic Pipes not non-metallic
Has severe distortion in results due to earth grid running near by.
Can’t pick Fibre Optic Cables
Results difficult to pick in assets running extremely near.
If clamping is not possible induction mode method doesn’t reflect
good results.
In Direct Connection getting good earth is important to have good
results.
Existing Plans are very important to verify the results of locator.
PART – 6 GNSS SYSTEM
A global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is a group

of synchronized satellites working in concert
(collectively called constellations) used for Position
Navigation and Time (PNT) solutions on a global basis.
It consists of many global constellations of satellites
transmitting radio signals used for PNT solutions. The
main constellations are Global Positioning System
(GPS) (USA) - Glonass (Russia) - Galileo (EU) and
Beidou (China).
PART – 6 GNSS SYSTEM PURPOSE [CONTD.]
Can be used to pick up all the GPS UTM Co-ordinates above Ground Assets markers &
below ground markers (traced by UG locator/GPR).
The PNT solutions provided by these GNSS are used for a wide and growing variety of
applications including, but not limited to, vehicle location and navigation (Aviation
Maritime, Road and Rail). - Timing synchronisation for electrical and communication
networks, Surveying, mining, construction and agriculture Location Based Services
(LBS).
Can be exported in CAD format for drawings purpose, refining & reflecting the assets
on the plans.
PART – 6 GNSS SYSTEM PURPOSE [CONTD.]
PART – 6 GNSS SYSTEM PURPOSE CHALLENGES
Struggles to sync with Satellites during overcast conditions, nearby buildings,

boundary walls etc.
3G/4G Signals are necessary to operate this GNSS Device.
Poor reception causes the GNSS Device to Struggle to pick up the points.
Old GNSS Systems have a big difference in terms of connection with satellites as
compared to new GNSS Systems.
Some times the coordinates will be picked up by GNSS but on the points file it will
show at wrong location.
PART – 7 CLOSING REMARKS
All these equipment’s/tools mentioned below have enormous uses/benefits when

used efficiently & effectively but every company has it’s own dynamic which will play
a crucial role in deciding which tools will be most helpful.
Despite the use of all of this technology common sense should prevail & at the end
of the day judgment should prevail in case of any doubtful result from these
equipment.
The companies offering these products offer customized solution & they can modify /
tweak to suit your needs.
The sky is the limit for getting expertise & knowledge in these equipment/ tools.
Thank You For Your Time & Patience
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

TUSEEF AHMED KHAN
MEM(Energy) NED
B.E(Electrical),NED
PMP,SSYB
Design thinking professional from IBM
Sustainable energy from Arizona state university USA
6years experience in advance power distribution in Saudi

electricity company
4years experience in K-Electric Pakistan
2 years utility plant experience Pakistan
Completed various distribution improvement projects in Pakistan

successfully completed Advance distribution management system
projects (smart grid) in Riyadh
My Expertise in ADAS, load flow studies ,smart grid and distribution

1
automation and distribution planning ,operation and control
Contact: 00966580628788 engr.tuseefahmed@gmail.com

Conventional feeders operation
Automated Feeders operation
Why?
“Its time to change”
Distribution Consultant :Tuseef Ahmed Khan 2

Distribution planning is facing significant challenges in planning and
development of electricity networks due to various factors .
The most influential factors are change of economic environment and regulation
models, climate and weather patterns, implementation of new technologies,
multiple customer choice and transition of distribution networks from passive to
active and more sustainable models. In the last few years we have seen
dramatic changes in the network nature and technologies such as electric cars,
distributed generations ,smart homes, AI etc.
Distribution planning need integration with conventional planning and advance

distribution management systems for curtailing the modern era.
Distribution feeders operational automation defines a self - healing network
equipped with dynamic optimization techniques that use real - time operation
and control with real time measurements to minimize network losses, maintain
voltage levels, increase reliability, and improve asset management. The
operational data collected by the feeders automation and its sub - systems
will allow system operators to rapidly identify the best strategies
“Feeders automation is essential for smart distribution and a leading part of

Smart Grid”

Smart distribution is the most important part for achieving
smart grid power system
Normal power distribution can be converted in Smart

distribution by using high level of distribution automation,
smart grid methodology, smart meters, advance sensors and
communication technologies
High level of available data and remote control capability

provide better operation and control
Smart power distribution is a must do thing in near future for
all utilities companies due to rapid technological
advancement like distributed generation ,AI ,AR, smart
devices, electric cars ,electric storage etc.
Smart distribution is reliable ,safer , smarter, self-healing and

“cost-effective”

Normal Feeders operations Automated Feeders operations
Low system reliability High system reliability
Manual operations Auto operations
Manual Fault management Self healing
Poor SAIDI Improved SAIDI(up to 90%)
Conventional load management Smart load management
One way power flow and Two way power flow and metering
metering
Conventional meters Smart meters
High risk Low risk
Capital cost high Cost effective
Running cost High 7
Distribution Consultant :Tuseef Ahmed Khan

8
Connecting smart grids, feeders automation, load flow studies and smart meters etc
Ref: Schneider ADMS and Cymdist by CYM

9

1.Data quality and GIS data synchronization
2.Conversion of available distribution system into smart distribution
2.Distributed generations and modernization with bi directional power

flow and its integration
5.Skilled work force ,Education, Training and R&D
6.Cyber security
7.Creation of Smart eco system across utility company in all domain

THANK YOU for your valuable time
Reach me out @
engr.tuseefahmed@gmail.com
Whatsapp me for more discussions :
00966580628788
Regards,
Engr. Tuseef Ahmed khan-PMP

Saudi Electricity company

IEEC 2019
4th INTERNATIONAL ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CONFERENCE
Electric Vehicle (EV) a Sustainable Policy

Recommendation for Zero GHG Emission in
Pakistan
AUTHORS
Syed Atif Naseem, Riaz Uddin, Athar Rashid, Syed Owais Ali Chishti, Syed
Wasif Naseem
(syedatifnaseem@gmail.com, riazuddin@neduet.edu.pk, athar.gs@gmail.com, soac@outlook.com,
wasif_25@hotmail.com)
AGENDA
• Introduction
• Objective
• Electrical Vehicles
• Policies
• Conclusion
• References
IEEC 2019 – 4TH INTERNATIONAL ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CONFERENCE January 23, 2019 2
INTRODUCTION
• Electricity storage have improved.
• Electric vehicle (EV)
• Overcome Carbon-dioxide gas emission
• Internal charging station
• Charging stations
• Parking Station
• Charge and discharge EV
• Bi-directional charger
OBJECTIVE
• Overview of Renewable energy source
• Exchange of energy with grid station
• To develop policies to promote EV
ELECTRIC VEHICLES
• Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)
• To major source; Fuel and Battery
• Plug-In Electric Vehicle (PEV)
• Charging from external source
• Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)
• Exchange energy between grid and vehicle
RENEWABLE ENERGY SCENARIO
• Economy Survey 2018
• Total installed power plant; 29k MW
• Government of Pakistan encourage in its energy policy
• 1,200 MW wind project
• 600 MW solar project
• 19 projects in last 5 years
• Fuel Consumption
• 58% Transport
• 33% Electricity
• 10% Other
•
POLICIES
A. Reduce Carbon-dioxide gas emission by implementing tax
• Clear policy to reduce greenhouse gas
B. Electric Vehicle manufactured in Pakistan
• Establish, own manufacturing plant
C. Established charging station at Parking, hotels, mall, commercial area
and garage
• Connected with grid stations
D. Photo Voltaic Plant and Wind Plant established for energization the
charging station of EV
• Renewable energy technologies
POLICIES (Con’t)
E. Reduce the import of fossil fuel for transportation sector
• Establish Charging Station through RES
• Reduce the direct investment
F. Reduce the cost of Battery’s eventually reduce the EV price
• Subsidy for cheaper battery
CONCLUSION
• Huge investment in importing of fossil fuel

• GoP should promote culture of EV
• Installation of charging stations
• Parking area
• Hospital
• Shopping mall
THANK YOU!
REFERENCES
• Zhou, B. W., T. Littler, and H. F. Wang. "The impact of vehicle-to-grid on electric power systems: a review."
(2013): 2-46
• Zhou, Y., and A. Vyas. "Keeping plug-in electric vehicles connected to the grid-Patterns of vehicle use."
Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT), 2012 IEEE PES. IEEE, 2012
• Yilmaz, Murat, and P. Krein. "Review of charging power levels and infrastructure for plug-in electric and hybrid
vehicles and commentary on unidirectional charging." PowerPoint Presentation], 2012 IEEE International
Electrical Vehicle Conference (IEVC'12). 2012
• Sarlioglu, Bulent, et al. "Driving toward accessibility: a review of technological improvements for electric
machines, power electronics, and batteries for electric and hybrid vehicles." IEEE Industry Applications
Magazine 23.1 (2017): 14-25
• Ribberink, Hajo, and Evgueniy Entchev. "Electric vehicles—A ‘one-size-fits-all’solution for emission reduction
from transportation?" Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS27), 2013 World. IEEE, 2013
• Lulhe, Anurag M., and Tanuja N. Date. "A technology review paper for drives used in electrical vehicle (EV) &
hybrid electrical vehicles (HEV)." Control, Instrumentation, Communication and Computational Technologies
(ICCICCT), 2015 International Conference on. IEEE, 2015
REFERENCES (Con’t)
• Zhdanov, Dmitry. "Electric vehicles: Policy and research implications." Smart Grid Technology, Economics and
Policies (SG-TEP), 2012 International Conference on. IEEE, 2012.
• Zhang, Xiang, et al. "Study on the policy of new energy vehicles in China." Vehicle Power and Propulsion
Conference, 2009. VPPC'09. IEEE. IEEE, 2009.
• “Big bets coming on local assembly of electric” cars. https://www.dawn.com/news/1413157
• Yannick, Perez, Petit Marc, and Kempton Willett. "A public policy strategies for electric vehicles and for vehicle
to grid power." Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS27), 2013 World. IEEE, 2013.
Power System Studies with major
emphasis on Insulation
Coordination
Presented by Atiq ur Rehman
Electrical Engineer
Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical

https://www.linkedin.com/in/atiq-ur-rehman-electricalengineer/
Why to do Power System Studies ?
When Power system analysis techniques applied to industrial
power systems, can contribute heavily to fulfill the goals of
industrial system design, such as
➢ Safety
➢ Reliable Service
➢ High Power Quality
➢ Low initial and operating cost.

IEEE/IEC Standards
IEC
60071

Power System Studies

Power System Studies(Contd.)
 Computer tools to analyze the steady state and
transient behavior of any electrical system.
Classification
Steady State Analysis Programs Transient Analysis Programs
Load flow analysis Transient stability study
Short circuit analysis Dynamic stability study
Harmonic analysis Electromagnetic transient analysis
Relay coordination Sub synchronous resonance
Long term load forecasting
Voltage instability study

Load Flow Analysis
Voltage magnitude &

Network Parameter angle
Load
Generation Schedule
Flow Real and Reactive
Power Flow
Analysis
Real and Reactive
Load Schedule Power loss

Short Circuit Analysis
Fault MVA
Network Parameter
Short
Generator Xd”, Xd’
Circuit Fault Current
Analysis
Post Fault bus voltage
Vector Groups &
Motor data

Relay Coordination

Relay Coordination (Contd.)

Harmonic Analysis
 Quality of Power Supply: Voltage and Frequency
 Effect of Harmonics: Over heating, Increased losses, mal
operation of relays, mal functioning of control circuits.
 Non-linear loads, electronic gadgets, thyristor drives, SVC are
those loads which generate harmonics.
 Generated at load points, which migrate to other parts of the
system and get absorbed at shunts like motors, generators, grids
etc.
 At PCC (Point of Common Coupling) harmonic current injection
and voltage distortion should be minimum with in acceptable
limits as per standards.
 Filters need to be provided, which are basically R,L,C components,
which provide low impedance to harmonic current at the
resonance frequency.

Stability Studies
 Stability problem
 Voltage instability
 Angular instability
 Now a days most of the grid collapse has been attributed
to voltage instability rather than angular instability due
to insufficient reactive power supply in the system.
 Normally occurs in long radial EHV lines, meeting the
radial load, controlled by OLTC.

Why do we study Short Transient
Period ?
 Mainly to protect major equipment from insulation failure.
 Ensure that main station equipment are protected from
lightning induced voltage surges.
 Ensure satisfactory operation of circuit breakers.
 Design surge arresters.
 Identify the ‘worst case’ (magnitude and duration of
transient).
 Identify and design mitigation methods.

Insulation Coordination Studies (ICS)
 The objective of the insulation coordination is to bring the
insulation strengths of electrical equipment into the proper
relationship with expected over voltages and with the
characteristic of surge protective devices.
 The different types of over voltages that may occur on a
power system are:
➢ Temporary Overvoltage (TOV)
➢ Slow-Front Over voltages (SOV)
➢ Fast-Front Over voltages (FFO)
➢ Very Fast Front Over voltages (VFTO)

Basic Elements Of ICS Study
 There are three basic elements of insulation
coordination study, which are:-
➢ Determining the overvoltage stresses from the system
by modeling the network using EMTDC/PSCAD software.
➢ Knowing the strength of the insulation of specific
equipment in the substation. The insulation criteria have
to be fulfilled against all possible over voltages.
➢ Selecting surge arrester ratings and locations to ensure
the system-imposed over voltages do not exceed the
insulation strength of the equipment including an
appropriate protective margin.

System Modeling
Depending on the type of over voltage study, the level
of detail required in the system model is different. Some
general features of the models are listed below:
➢ The substation equipment, the parasitic elements
(capacitances) and other details should be included in
the detailed station model.
➢ Surge arrester characteristics should be modeled as per
adequate detail based on industry accepted techniques.
The location of surge arrester should be considered.
Such detail is essential for switching and lightning over
voltage studies.
➢ Frequency dependent modeling will be used to
represent transmission line and cables.
System Modeling (Contd.)
➢ For the lightning over voltage study, the tower structures
close to the station (few spans) will be modeled with
adequate detail(back flashover investigation). The tower
footing resistance will be considered as 20 Ohms.
➢ Detailed model of surge arrester V-I Characteristics.
➢ System equivalent will be based on short circuit and load
flow data.
➢ Gas Insulated Substation- detailed representation of GIS,
cables and other equipment.

System Modeling (Contd.)
 CIGRE Concave wave shape  Frequency dependent model
for Lightning Current for Surge Arrester

Standards For ICS
 IEC Std-60071-2, Insulation coordination part 2 : Application
guide
 IEC Std-60071-4, Insulation coordination part 4 :
Computational guide to insulation coordination and
modeling of electrical networks.
 CIGRE WG33.0; Guide to procedure for estimating the
lightning performance of transmission lines, CIGRE Brochure
63.
 “Modeling of Metal Oxide Surge Arrester”, IEEE working
Group 3.4.11 Application of Surge Protective Devices
Subcommittee Surge Protective Devices.

Temporary Over voltages
 These are short duration over voltages,
usually at the power frequency. Since
the duration of such over voltages can
be over a few cycles they can place a
burden on surge arrester energy
dissipation.
 System grounding practice employed

will also play a role in determining the
severity of TOV’s.
 Some events that can trigger TOV’s are:

➢ System Faults.
➢ Load rejection
➢ Resonance and ferro-resonance
events.
➢ Ferranti Effect.
TOV for SLG Fault
Switching Over Voltages
 The simulation study will investigate the
switching events that are likely to induce
the maximum stress. Studies will be
performed to identify the worst case.
 Some of the likely investigations will
include:
➢ Breaker closing on to a line with
‘trapped charge’. (line energizing and
re-energizing).
➢ Fault clearance.
➢ Breaker re-strike near capacitor
banks or cables (if applicable). SOV and arrester energy
➢ Transformer energizing. absorption for breaker
➢ Other switching actions (capacitors, reclosing case.
reactors). Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical
Fast Front Over Voltages
 The FTO/lightning induced over voltage can be a
result of direct strike on to a phase conductor
(shielding failure) or due to a ‘back flashover’
resulting from lightning strike on a shielding (ground
wire) wire.

Very Fast Front Overvoltage
 Slow operation of disconnectors in already de-energized
segments of a GIS can lead to multiple re-strikes as a result of re-
distribution of trapped trapped charge in stray capacitances. This
will lead to travelling waves with very steep fronts.
 The travelling waves will get reflected at discontinuities and can
result very steep voltages of significant magnitude near
equipment terminals.
 This has the potential for insulation failure of such equipment
including transformers or minor internal faults in capacitive
graded bushings.
 Such internal faults may lead to progressive degrading of bushing
insulation.

Transient Recovery Voltage (TRV)
 Transient Recovery Voltage (TRV) is the voltage that
appears across the terminals of a pole of a circuit breaker
immediately following current interruption.
 TRV is the difference in the power system response voltages
on the source side and on load side of the circuit breaker.
 The nature of TRV is dependent on the nature of the circuit
being interrupted.

Transient Recovery Voltage (Contd.)
 The operating scenarios has to be considered for the

study are:
➢ Interrupting normal reactor current (if any)
➢ Fault clearance – close in faults (fault on substation
buses)
➢ Fault clearance – ‘short line’ faults.
➢ Fault clearance – remote faults

How to execute Insulation
Coordination Study Project
What are the data inputs required from client.
How to start modeling of the network
What are the different scenarios for each type of Study

Data Inputs required for ICS
 Network Data
 Transformer Details
 Surge Arrester Data
 GIS Details
 Cables Data
 OHTL Data

Network Data
 Single Line Drawing (SLD) around the substation
 Transmission Line lengths
 Short Circuit levels
 3-phase fault (max)
 3-phase fault (min)
 L-G fault (max)
 L-G fault (min)
➢ Impedance Diagram
➢ Load flow data and Short circuit level information

Transformer Data
 Name Plate Data
 Capacitance value HV-TV, LV-TV & HV-LV with
diagrams showing the capacitance and its values
 Capacitance value TV-earth with diagrams showing
the capacitance and its values
 Capacitance value HV-earth with diagrams showing
 Capacitance value LV-earth with diagrams showing

Surge Arrester Data
 Technical Specification
 Insulation levels
 Maximum Energy absorption capability (kJ/kV)
 Lightning Impulse Protection level of Arrester
 V-I Characteristics

Modeling of the Network
 Equivalent source modeling
 Active and Reactive Power Flow matching
 Short circuit level matching
 Fault logic creation

Scenarios of TOV Study
 Load rejection by opening of breakers.
 1-phase-to-ground fault close to Substation.
 Load rejection by opening of breakers and then
1-phase-to-ground fault close to Substation.
 1-phase-to-ground fault close to Substation and then
Load rejection by opening of breaker.
 Load rejection by opening of breakers and then 2-
phase-to-ground fault close to Substation.
 2-phase-to-ground fault close to Substation and then
load rejection by opening of breakers.

Scenarios of SFO Study
 Energization of line
 Re-energization of line
 3-phase to ground fault at line close to bus of
substation.

Scenarios of FFO Study
 Direct strokes to Phase conductors.
Direct stroke to the phase conductors of a shielded
transmission line occur typically when lightning
strokes of low magnitude (a few kA) bypass the
overhead shielding wires (shielding failure).
 Back flashovers.
Back-flashover occurs when lightning strikes the
tower or the shielding wire, and the resultant tower
top voltage is large enough to cause flashover of the
line insulator from the tower to the phase conductor.
Scenarios of VFFO Study
 Switching of line disconnector, Shortest GIB

 Switching of line disconnector, Longest GIB
 Switching of transformer disconnector

PSCAD Model

PSCAD Model

PSCAD Model

THANKS

Engr. Amjad Ali
Surge Arrester Modelling and

implementation in PSCAD
WHAT IS SURGE WHY SURGE POWER FAILURES, POWER SYSTEM
ARRESTER ? ARRESTER IS USED? WHY? PROTECTION
SURGE ARRESTER
METAL OXIDE SURGE SELECTION APPLICATIONS

ARRESTER (MOSA)
REFERENCES
IEC 60099-4
IEC 60099-5
IEC 62155
IEC 60060-1
ANSI/IEEE C62.11
NORMAL LOAD FLOW
SURGE MODELED
SURGE
SURGE STRIKING ON 1 PHASE
AFFECT OF SURGE SKRIKE
SURGE ARRESTER MODELING
SURGE ARRESTER PLACED
CONCLUSION
SAFETY RELAIBILITY DURABILITY CONTINUITY FRUGALITY

QUESTIONS
THANKS
CONTROL AND PROTECTION SCHEME
INTRODUCTION
 What is a scheme?
 WHY STUDY THE SCHEME ?
 Verification
○ Testing and Commissioning
○ Operations and Maintenance
 Breaker testing
 Understanding the controls and protections
schematics (110 KV HYOSUN AND 380 KV
ABB GIS)
MAIN COMPONENTS
 LIST OF CONTENTS
 DRAWING PRINCIPLES
 SYMBOL LIST
 LIST OF DEVICES
 MOTOR CIRCUIT
 CLOSING CIRCUIT
 TRIPPING CIRCUIT
 TRIP CIRCUIT SUPERVISION
 POLE DISCREPANCY
LIST OF CONTENTS
DRAWING PRICIPLES
SYMBOLS LIST
LIST OF DEVICES
MOTOR CIRCUIT
CLOSING CIRCUIT
 CONCEPTS
 ANTI SLAM
 ANTI PUMPING
 CIRCUIT SUPERVISION
CLOSING CIRCUIT
CLOSING CIRCUIT - 2
TRIPPING CIRCUIT
 CONCEPTS
 WHY 2 COILS?
 GENERAL AND LOCK OUT RELAY TRIP
 CIRCUIT SUPERVISION
 POLE DISCREPANCY
 CIRCUIT BREAKER FAILURE
TRIPPING CIRCUIT
TRIPPING CIRCUIT
 WHY?
 HOW?
POLE DISCREPANCY
 WHY?
 HOW?
 WHY?
 HOW?
KNOWLEDGE AREAS
 PROJECT MANAGEMENT
 POWER SYSTEM DESIGN
 POWER SYSTEM TESTING AND
COMMISSIOINING
 POWER SYSTEM OPERATIONS AND
MAINTENANCE
 HIGH, MEDIUM AND LOW VOLTAGE
SYSTEMS
 PROTECTION RELAYS TESTING
QUESTIONS?
Contact details:
shehab1798@gmail.com
00966 561093400 (Whatsapp)
How to Implement Artificial Intelligence to
Automate MS Excel Worksheets?
Presented By:
Muhammad Rizwan
Topics
1. Artificial Intelligence - Introduction
2. An Overview of VBA for MS Excel
3. Practical
4. Implemented Project
Muhammad Rizwan
Electrical Engineer | MBA | PMP | Prince2 | LSSGB
https://www.linkedin.com/in/engmrk
Email: eng.rizwan.m@gmail.com
Web: https://engmrk.com
2
Artificial Intelligence - Introduction
What: Any system that exhibits behavior that could be interpreted as human intelligence.
When: 1955 - Dartmouth Professor John McCarthy coined the term artificial intelligence.
3
Chinese Room Argument
4
Siri
5
6
MS Office Worksheets (Excel)
• a spreadsheet developed by Microsoft for Windows, macOS, Android and iOS.
• Calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language

called Visual Basic for Applications.
7
Visual Basic for Application (VBA)
• Programmers may write code

directly using the Visual Basic
Editor (VBE), which includes a
window for writing code,
debugging code, and code
module organization
environment.
8
• The user can implement

numerical methods as well as
automating tasks such as
formatting or data organization
in VBA and guide the
calculation using any desired
intermediate results reported
back to the spreadsheet.
9
• Macro Recorder
10
Practical
11
12
Application for Bus Bar Switching
Automation
- First person will prepare switching.
- Second person will Review by execution in
study case.
13
Thanks for your Time
Any Question?
IEEC 2019
4th INTERNATIONAL ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CONFERENCE
Intelligent Control System to Identify Fault in

Distribution Network of Smart Grid through
Neural Network
AUTHORS
Syed Owais Ali Chishti, Syed Atif Naseem, Riaz Uddin, Muhammad Hammad
Saleem, Syed Wasif Naseem
(soac@outlook.com, syedatifnaseem@gmail.com, riazuddin@neduet.edu.pk,
engr.hammadsaleem@gmail.com, wasif_25@hotmail.com)
AGENDA
• Introduction
• Objective
• Electric Faults
• Parameter
• Neural Network
• Result
• Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
• Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)
• Provide insights of power system
• Deployed in distribution network
• Collects parameters of Network
• Communication between PMU
• For identification of problem.
• Helps determining location of fault
• Provide backup protection
OBJECTIVE
• Review Electric faults of power stations
• To predict electric faults
• Improve SAIDI and SAIFI
ELECTRIC FAULT TYPES
A. Single Line to Ground Fault (SLG Fault)
B. Line to line Fault (LL Fault)
ELECTRIC FAULT (Con’t)
C. Double line to Ground fault (DLG Fault)
D. Three Phase Fault (3-phase Fault)
E. Single Phase Open Circuit Fault (POC Fault)
NEURAL NETWORK
• Neural network is a collection of artificial neurons.
• Modeled against human brain’s neurons
• Neurons are weights
• Learn the problem
INPUTS FOR NEURAL NETWORK
1. Voltage (V)
2. Current (I)
3. Reactive Power (Var)
4. Watt (Var)
5. Apparent Power
6. Frequency
7. Power Factor
Output: Fault Type
PROCESSING
1. Preprocessing
• Scaling
• Binary class; NN understands
2. Neural Network Layers
3. Activation Functions
4. Gradient Descent
RESULTS
1. Our neural network was evaluated and
achieved 100% efficient and accurate
2. Determining the fault types
• Useful for line men and crew
3. Finding the fault location
4. Improving the SAIDI and SAIFI of the
distribution network of Smart Grid.
CONCLUSION
• PMU plays and important role
• measuring the voltage and current phasors
• steady state condition and fault condition in real time
• Teaching a neural model can provide
• Insights of the problem
• In-depth solution
• Real-time updates
THANK YOU!
REFERENCES
• S. Savulescu, Real-time stability in power systems: techniques for early detection of the risk of blackout:
Springer, 2014
• A. G. Phadke and J. S. Thorp, Computer relaying for power systems: John Wiley & Sons, 2009
• M. Zima, T. Krause, and G. Andersson, "Evaluation of system protection schemes, wide area monitoring and
control systems," 2003.
• S. Horowitz and A. Phadke, "Third zone revisited," IEEE Transactions on power delivery, vol. 21, pp. 23-29, 2006.
• M. Adamiak, A. Apostolov, M. Begovic, C. Henville, K. Martin, G. Michel, et al., "Wide area protection—
Technology and infrastructures," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 21, pp. 601-609, 2006
• Vicol, Bogdan, et al. "Synchrophasor measurement method for overhead line parameters estimation in MV
distribution networks." Proc. 16th Int. Conf. on Harmonics and Quality of Power (ICHQP). 2014
• Naseem, Syed Atif, Raheleh Eslampanah, and Riaz Uddin. "Probability estimation for the fault detection and
isolation of PMU-based transmission line system of smart grid." 2018 5th International Conference on
Electrical and Electronic Engineering (ICEEE). IEEE, 2018
• Tianshu Bi, Jinmeng Chen, Jingtao Wu, Qixun Yang, "Synchronized phasor based on-line parameter
identification of overhead transmission line," Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power
Technologies, 2008. DRPT 2008. Third International Conference on, pp. 1657 - 1662, April 2008
REFERENCES (Con’t)
• E. Janecek, P. Hering, P. Janecek, A. Popelka, “Transmission line identification using PMUs,” Environment and
Electrical Engineering (EEEIC), 2011 10th International Conference on, pp. 1 - 4, May 2011
• Marija Bockarjova, Goran Andersson, "Transmission line conductor temperature impact on state estimation
accuracy", IEEE Power Tech, Lausanne, Switzerland, July 1-5, 2007
• J. Chen and S. Chang, "A neural network approach to evaluate distribution system reliability," IEEE International
Conference on Systems Engineering, Kobe, Japan, 1992, pp. 487-490.
AIM STANDARDS
ENGR. KALEEMULLAH CCNA|CNID

TECHNICAL CONSULTANT
Agenda
• Structural Cabling
• AIM Standards
HOW WELL DO YOU KNOW
YOUR CABLING
INFRASTRUCTURE?
HOW DOES THIS IMPACT YOUR BUSINESS?
83% Network documentation

and compliance reporting
requires manual effort
10% error rate in manual data

entry due to typing and
transcribing errors
80% Doubt that their
network is compliant
Sources:
• Network complexity, change, and human factors are failing the business – Veriflow, 2016
• Striving to Achieve 100% Data Accuracy: The Challenge for Next Generation Asset Management - Watson & Fulton, 2009
49% biggest concern for IT

administrators is
manageability of virtualized
and cloud environments
Increased complexity of network connectivity
• Increased number of connections
• Increased number of connected devices
Sources:
• Tintri’s 2016 State of Storage for virtualized enterprises survey.

15 in unplanned outages are

caused by human error
8.8 Average duration of

hrs unplanned outages per
year
$926 Average cost of
outage per minute
Sources:
• 2016 Cost of Data Center Outages Report - Ponemon Institute
• 2016 datacenter failures highlight growing complexity, high-profile consequence – 451 Research
The Ideal Solution
WOULD PROVIDE THE ABILITY TO KNOW, IN
REAL TIME,
WHAT IS CONNECTED TO THE NETWORK,
HOW IT IS CONNECTED,
WHERE CONNECTED DEVICES ARE LOCATED,
AND WHEN CHANGES ARE MADE…..
Automated Infrastructure
Management (AIM) can
provide that and more ..
AUTOMATED INFRASTRUCTURE
MANAGEMENT
STANDARDS
What is an Automated Infrastructure Management (AIM) System?
ISO/IEC 18598 –AIM Standard (October 2016)
AIM is an integrated system Automatic Detection the Management and real-time

consisting of hardware & insertion and removal of monitoring of connectivity
software components cords changes
Network Device Discovery

API for Integrations with
and their location
other systems
information
AIM STANDARD – DOCUMENT STRUCTURE
Data Exchange Framework

Functional Requirements Intrinsic Benefits
API
Auto-documentation of
Extrinsic Benefits RESTful Web Services
physical layer connectivity
Management and monitoring of
Data Framework
connectivity changes
Location Information
Basic Set of Commands
for connected devices
Discovery of devices connected
to the network
THE ISO/IEC 18598 STANDARD
BUSINESS BENEFITS - INTRINSIC
 Accurate documentation
 Asset Management
 Capacity Management
 Change Management
 Incident Management
THE ISO/IEC 18598 STANDARD New device plugged in
6.2.2 ASSET MANAGEMENT: NETWORKED DEVICE
Link-up SNMP trap received
DISCOVERY
Connectivity trace discovered
Device location identified
Device properties obtained

Device location and information can
now be obtained in NMS, Web
Browser, asset management
applications
Select location
THE ISO/IEC 18598 STANDARD Select outlet or device for new service
6.2.4 CHANGE MANAGEMENT: INTELLIGENT PROVISIONING

(IB)
Select service
Select service to be provided
e.g. LAN, Voice, etc.
Schedule service
Available service port selected,
connectivity path determined,
electronic work orders issued
Automatic confirmation
Correct service activation detected,
service tickets closed
Select server template

Template includes size, power,
6.2.4 CHANGE MANAGEMENT: INTELLIGENT PROVISIONING weight, ports, required services
(DC) Select rack and position
Selection based on available
rack units, power, maximum load
Schedule deployment
Connectivity paths determined
electronic work orders issued
Deploy server
Technicians guided to complete
Electronic work orders
Automatic confirmation
Correct service activation detected,
service tickets closed
THE ISO/IEC 18598 STANDARD Cord disconnected in error
6.2.5 INCIDENT MANAGEMENT: REAL-TIME EVENT Controller detects event
NOTIFICATIONS
Local visual/audible alerts
Event sent to server
Unscheduled event logged
Alarms issued
Recovery instructions issued
Instructions sent to controller
Visual and audible guidance
Circuit reconnected
Event detected by controller
Database updated
Audit trail completed
EXTRINSIC BENEFITS OF AIM WHEN LINKED TO OTHER SYSTEMS
• IT Related Systems
• IP Telephony Management
• Network Management Systems
• Helpdesk Applications
• Information Security Management Systems
• Notification of unauthorized changes
• Critical Network circuits
• Building Management Systems

• Energy Management Systems
• Lighting Management Systems
• Building Security
• Access control
• DCIM
• CMDB applications
AIM EXTRINSIC BENEFITS
6.3.2.2 NETWORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Complete end-to-end view of Physical Connectivity
Alarms and alerts for connectivity status changes
Device location information
AIM Extrinsic Benefits
6.3.2.4 Information Security Management Systems
IP Camera monitors AIM detects unscheduled event
1 critical patching connections 2 - triggers camera to ‘post-event’ mode
!
Pre-event images Post-event images
Pre- and post-event image

3 sequence sent to storage server
AMENDMENT 1 TO ISO/IEC 14763-2
USAGE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CUSTOMER CABLING PREMISES
AIM
AIMisisaanice
MUSTtohave!
have
SUMMARY
 AIM Standard ISO/IEC 18598:2016 was published in October of 2016
 Validation that AIM systems are becoming mainstream
 Multiple references to AIM technology in other standards provide best practice guidelines for using AIM technology
 Standards provide consistent and credible way for specifying AIM systems in tenders
SERVICES
 Design and Review of your Passive network Infrastructure.
 Data center Designing and reviewing of the design.
 Implementation of AIM Solutions(Imvision by Commscope or formerly known as Ipatch).
 Product recommendations(Commscope, Panduit, Corning and many more).

THANK YOU
ENGR.KALEEMULLAH CCNA| CNID
CONTACT: +971552143890
Protection Of Transmission Lines
Engr. Soomar Umrani

Voltage Levels used in PAKISTAN
• Primary Transmission Line (220 & 500kV)

• Secondary Transmission Line (132kV & 66kV)
• Distribution Lines (11kV)
Types
• Distance Protection
• Line Differential Protection
• Over current Protection
• Breaker Failure Protection
Concept Of Parallel Protection
• For 220kV and above transmission lines parallel protection is

used to ensure the isolation of the fault
• They are fed from two different DC supply sources
• Parallel operation increases the probability of discriminate
tripping of the line
Distance Protection
• The impedance/reactance of transmission line is

proportional to its length.
• A relay capable of measuring the impedance/reactance up to
a given point can be used to protect transmission line.
• The relay compares the current flowing and the voltage at
relay point
Distance Protection
• In case of fault on transmission line, the current flowing to

fault point increases & the voltage at relay point decreases
• The relay see this as fall in impedance & if this is below a
pre-fixed setting, the relay operates
Distance Protection
• In case of fault on transmission line, the current flowing to

fault point increases & the voltage at relay point decreases
• The relay see this as fall in impedance & if this is below a
pre-fixed setting, the relay operates
Type of Faults
WHAT IS MEANT BY ZONES
IN DISTANCE PROTECTION? ?
PLC Schemes
• Used to increase coordination between relays

• A telecommunication line is used for communication
between relays
• Use to decrease tripping time from both ends
PLC Schemes
• DIT (Direct Inter Trip)

• Permissive Intertrip Overreaching
• Step Acceleration (Reach Extension)
Intertrip Schemes
• In this scheme, the relay having a fault in its Zone-1 trips and
send trip signal to remote end.
• Remote end breaker trips only if the distance relay picked in
Zone-2
Permissive Intertrip
• The two relays are set at about 120% of the length of line
• The tripping is allowed only on the receipt of trip signal from remote
end
• Also known as Directional Comparison Scheme
Line Differential Relay
 Works on principle of Difference Current
In simple words: A Line Differential Relay monitors
Input Current = Output Current

Practical Demonstration on PSCAD
Questions Please?
Thanks for your time for studying
our efforts and work in this confer-
ence.
Complete Conference presentations
are available at below mention link.
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=3cPaoL9Ct84

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Engr. Qazi Arsalan Hamid

Can be operated directly with monitoring/control in scanner or via the tablet

Is unable to pick below ground assets

Can’t tell anything about the soil/ground conditions.

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a geophysical method that

GPR RADAR REFLECTIONS

GPR REPORT SAMPLE

A global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is a group

Struggles to sync with Satellites during overcast conditions, nearby buildings,

All these equipment’s/tools mentioned below have enormous uses/benefits when

QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

6years experience in advance power distribution in Saudi

Completed various distribution improvement projects in Pakistan

My Expertise in ADAS, load flow studies ,smart grid and distribution

Contact: 00966580628788 engr.tuseefahmed@gmail.com

Automated Feeders operation

“Its time to change”

Distribution Consultant :Tuseef Ahmed Khan 2

Distribution planning need integration with conventional planning and advance

“Feeders automation is essential for smart distribution and a leading part of

Distribution Consultant :Tuseef Ahmed Khan 4

Normal power distribution can be converted in Smart

High level of available data and remote control capability

Smart distribution is reliable ,safer , smarter, self-healing and

Distribution Consultant :Tuseef Ahmed Khan 6

Distribution Consultant :Tuseef Ahmed Khan

Distribution Consultant :Tuseef Ahmed Khan

Distribution Consultant :Tuseef Ahmed Khan

2.Conversion of available distribution system into smart distribution

2.Distributed generations and modernization with bi directional power

5.Skilled work force ,Education, Training and R&D

7.Creation of Smart eco system across utility company in all domain

Distribution Consultant :Tuseef Ahmed Khan 10

Engr. Tuseef Ahmed khan-PMP

Distribution Consultant :Tuseef Ahmed Khan 11

Electric Vehicle (EV) a Sustainable Policy

• Huge investment in importing of fossil fuel

Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical

Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical

Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical

Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical

Steady State Analysis Programs Transient Analysis Programs

Load flow analysis Transient stability study

Short circuit analysis Dynamic stability study

Harmonic analysis Electromagnetic transient analysis

Relay coordination Sub synchronous resonance

Long term load forecasting

Voltage instability study

Voltage magnitude &

Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical

Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical

Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical

Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical

Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical

Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical

Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical

Atiq ur Rehman-Team Lead Electrical