Name: Dumayao Jershell

Section: 3-A

Course: ME 317 HEAT TRANSFER

Title: Heat Conduction Problems: Composite Walls 2

BTU
Problem: The wall of a furnace is made up of 9 in firebrick k =.72 hr ft ° F , 5 in of

BTU BTU
insulating brick k =.08 and 7.5 in of red brick k =0.5 . The inner and
hr ft ° F hr ft ° F
outer temperature t1 and t4 of the wall are 1500°F and 150°F respectively.
Neglecting the resistance of the mortar joints, compute the rate of heat flow
BTU
through 1 m² of the wall in hr .

Given:

Steel:

1 ft
X1 = 9∈× 12∈¿=.75 ft ¿

BTU
k1 = .72 hr ft ° F

Insulation Brick:

1 ft
X2 = 5∈× 12∈¿=.4166666667 ft ¿

BTU
k2 = .08 hr ft ° F

Red Brick:

ft
X3 = 7.5∈×1 12∈¿=.625 ft ¿
 2 10.76 f t 2 2
Area (A) = 1 m × 2
=10.76 f t
1m

Temperature:

T1 = 1500 °F

T4 = 150 °F

Required :

BTU
Heat flow rate (Q) in hr

Solution:

BTU
Heat flow rate (Q) in hr

ΔT x
Q = Rtotal where Rtotal= kA

ΔT
Q= x
kA

ΔT × A
Q= x
k

(T 1−T 4 )× A
Q = x1 + x 2+ x3
k1 k2 k3

( 1500 ° F−150 ° F ) × ( 10.76 f t 2 )

.75 ft .4166666667 ft .625 ft
Q= + +
BTU BTU BTU
.72 .08 .5
hr ft ° F hr ft ° F hr ft ° F

1350 ° F ×10.76 ft ²
Q = 7.50000000042 f t 2 ° F hr
BTU
 BTU
Q = 1936. 79999988973 hr

BTU
Q = 1936.80 hr

Problem: A pipe with an outside diameter of 2.5 in is insulated with 2 in layer of

¿
asbestos k =.396 BTU ∈ hr f t 2 ° F ¿ , followed by a layer of cork 1.5 in thick

k =0.30 BTU ∈ ¿ ¿ . If the temperature of the outer surface of the cork is 90 °F,
hr f t 2 ° F

BTU
calculate the heat lost in hr per 328.1 meters of insulated pipe.

Given:

Pipe outside diameter = 2.5 in

2.5
r1 = 2 =1.25∈¿

Layer of Asbestos = 2 in

r2 = r1 + 2 in = 3.25 in

¿
k1= .396 BTU ∈ hr f t2 ° F ¿

Layer of Cork = 1.5 in

r3 = r2 + 1.5 = 4.75

¿
k2 = .30 BTU ∈ hr f t 2 ° F ¿

Length
 ¿ 1f t2 f t2
L = 328.1 m×1∈ × =89.7036308 ¿ ¿
.0254 m 144∈²

Temperature Difference:

ΔT = 90 °F

Required:

BTU
Heat lost in ( hr ¿

Solution:

ΔT
⁡
R2 R3
Q = ln ( ) ln R 2
R1
+
( )
k 1 L2 π k 2 L2 π

ΔT
⁡
R 2 ln R 3
Q=
1
[
ln (
R1
)
+
( )
R2
]
2 πL k1 k2

90° F
Q= 1 ¿
2 π¿¿

90° F
Q= 1 ¿
2 π¿¿

90 ° F BTU
¿ 13792.26712
Q = 6.525395661×10−3 hr hr
BTU

BTU
Q = 13,792.27 hr
Problem: One insulated wall of a cold storage apartment is 8m long by 2.5m high
W
and consist of an outer steel plate (k =45 m K )18 mm thick and an inner wood wall

W
( k =0.18 m K ¿ 22.5 mm thick. The steel and the wood are 90 mm apart to form a

W
cavity which is filled with cork ( k =0.045 m K ¿ . If the temperature drops across the

kJ
extreme faces of the composite wall is 15°C, calculate the heat transfer rate hr

through the wall and the temperature drop across the thickness of the cork in °C.

Given:

Firebrick:

1m
X1 = 18 mm × 1000 mm =.018 m

W
k1 = 45 m K

Cork:

1m
X2 = 90 mm × 1000 mm =.09 m

W
k2 = 0.045 m K

Wood:

1m
X3 = 22.5 mm × 1000 mm =.0225 m

Area (A) = 8 m× 2.5 m=20 m ²

Change in Temperature:
ΔT = 15 ° C or 15° K

Required :

KJ
Heat flow rate (Q) in hr

Temperature Drop across the Cork in °C

Solution:

Heat Flow Rate

ΔT x
Q = Rtotal where Rtotal= kA

ΔT
Q= x
kA

ΔT × A
Q= x
k

Q = ¿¿

( 15 K ) × ( 20 m² )
.018 m .09 m .0225 ft
Q= + +
W W W
45 .045 .18
mK mK mK

300 K m²
Q = 2.1254 m2 K
W

J kJ 36000 s
Q = 141.1399012 W( s ×1 1000 J × 1 hr ¿

kJ
Q = 508.1396443 hr
 kJ
Q = 508.14 hr

Temperature Drop in the Cork :

ΔT × A
Q = x2
k2

.09m
141.1499012W ×
x2 W
ΔT = Q× k 2 .045
mK
= =14. 11499012 ° C
A 20 m2

W
Problem: A furnace wall consist of 35 cm firebrick k =1.557 m K , 12 cm insulating

W W
refractory k =0.346 m K and a 20 cm common brick k =0.692 m K covered with 7 cm

W
steel plate k =45 m K . The temperature at the inner surface of the brick is 1,230°C

and the outer surface of the steel plate is 60°C. Atmospheric temperature is 27 °C.
What is the value of the combined coefficient for convection and radiation from
W
outside wall in m K ?

Given:

Brick

1m
X1 = 35 cm× 100 cm =.35 m

W
k1 = 1.557 m K

Refractory:
 1m
X2 = 12 cm× 100 cm =.12 m

W
k2 = 0.316 m K

Common Brick:

1m
X3 = 20 cm× 100 cm =.2 m

W
k3 = .692 m K

Steel Plate:

1m
X4 = 7 cm × 100 cm =.07 m

W
k3 = 45 m K

Temperature:

T (inner) = 1230 °C

T (outer) = 60 ° C

T (atmosphere) = 27 ° C

Required :

Coefficient outaide the wall for convection and radiation (hout)

Solution:

T ( inner ) −T ( outer)
Q=
Rtotal

T ( inner ) −T ( outer)
Q= x
kA
 T ( inner ) −T ( outer)
Q
A
= x
k

ΔT Q
Q where =h ( out ) × [T ( outer )−T ( atmosphere ) ]
A
= x A
k

Q
So: hout = A
T ( outer )−T ( atmosphere )

Q
Solving for A

T ( inner ) −T ( outer)
Q
A
= x1 x2 x 3 x 4
+ + +
k1 k 2 k3 k 4

1230 ° C−60° C
Q .35 m .12 m .20 m .02 m
A
= +
1.557 W .346 W
+
W
+
45 W
.692
mK mK mK mK

1170 K
Q
A
= 0.8621849711 m2 K
W

Q W
= 1357.017391
A m2

Solving for hout

Q
hout = A
T ( outer )−T ( atmosphere )

1357.017397 W
hout = m2
( 60−27 ) K
 W W
hout = 41.12173912 2
=41.12 2
m K m K