6 Design of Constant Dia RCC Chimney and Foundation 23052014 PDF

Prepared by : Date : Job no : Sheet No :
cont'd :
Verified by : Date : Revision note :
Calculation Sheet
Project :
Subject : Description : 4
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Note : Input data in yellow cells only and ensure all check boxes are displaying "ok" or "safe".
Design of RCC Chimney :-
1800 4.50 m
1) Dimensions of Chimney and Forces 200

4.10 m
Height of Chimney 72.00 m
25.00 m
External Diameter of Chimney 4.50 m
Fire Brick Lining 100 mm thk
Air Gap Between Wall & Fire Brick Lining (min) 100 mm
lining
Unit weight of Fire Brick Lining 19000 N/m3 100
thickness
Height of Fire Brick Lining above Ground 48.00 m
Level 3.90 m 300
1600
The temperature of gases above 200 ºC
surrounding air
Coefficient of expansion of concrete and 1.1E-05 per deg C
25.00 m
Steel
Grade of Steel fy = ( 250 or 415) 250 N/mm2
Allowable tensile stress in steel 140 N/mm2
Modulus of Elasticity of steel Es = 2.05E+05 N/mm2
Grade Concrete Mix M25 25 N/mm2
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete Ec = 2.85E+04 N/mm2 400
Thickness of chimney shell at top portion 200 mm
n/m2
1400
Height of top portion of Chimney 25.00 m
22.00 m
Thickness of chimney shell at middle portion 300 mm
of Chimney 100
Height of middle portion of Chimney 25.00 m fig 1
Thickness of chimney shell at bottom portion 400 mm Cross-Section of Chimney
of Chimney
Height of balance bottom portion of Chimney 22.00 m
Lining Support Distance @ every 6.00 m
1800 N/m2
Constant wind pressure intensity at top portion
Constant wind pressure intensity at middle 1600 N/m2

portion
Constant wind pressure intensity at bottom 1400 N/m2 Grade of Steel (N/mm2) 250 415
portion Allowable tebsile stress
140 230
Shape Factor 0.70 N/mm2
100As Permissible Shear Stress in Concrete Tc
bd N/mm2 for grade of concrete
Grade of conc (N/mm2) 15 20 25 30 35 40
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modular ratio m 18.67 13.33 10.98 9.33 8.11 7.18 15 20 25 30 35 40
Allowable compressive stress (Direct) N/mm2 4.00 5.00 6.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 0.25 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23
This program Designs

Allowable compressive stress (Bending) N/mm2 5.00 and 7.00 8.50 10.00 11.50 13.00 0.50 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32
Allowable tebsile stress (Direct) N/mm2 -2.00 -2.80 -3.20 -3.60 -4.00 -4.40
Optimises RCC Chimney and 0.75 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.38
1.00 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.42
Weight of Lining per meterFoundation. height = 1.25 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.46
Written and programmed 1.50 0.42 0.45 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.49
= Π *( 4.50 - 2 ( 0.4by+ 0.1 + 0.05 )) * 1.75 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.50 0.52 0.52
0.1 * 1.00 * 19000 2.00 0.44 0.49 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.55
:- 2.25 0.44 0.51 0.53 0.55 0.56 0.57
= 20295 N A B Quadri 2.50 0.44 0.51 0.55 0.57 0.58 0.60
www.abqconsultants.com 2.75
3.00
0.44
0.44
0.51 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62
0.51 0.57 0.60 0.62 0.63

abquadri@yahoo.com PTO
abquadri@gmail.com
Prep By : A B Quadri- Abq Consultants - 9959010210 - em-abquadri@yahoo.com-12-2-826/2 Royal Residency, Besides Amba talkies, Mehdipatnam , Hyderabad-500028-www.abqconsultants.com
Page 1 of 16
abquadri@gmail.com
9959010210
9959010211
Weight of Concrete per meter height
For 200 mm thk shell, w = Π [ 4.50 - 0.20 ] * 0.20 * 1.00 * 25000

= 67544 N/m

= 98960 N/m

= 128805 N/m
2) Stress at Section 25.00 m below top
Let the vertical reinforcement be 1.00 % of the concrete area ok

place at a cover of 50 mm ok
As =
1 * Π * ( 4.50 ^2 - 4.10 ^2 ) * 1000000
100 4
= 27018 mm2
Nos of 16 mm Φ bars = 27018 = 135
201
Hence provide 140 bars of 16mm Φ suitably placed along the circumference ok
Actual As = 28149 mm2 > 27018 mm2 ok
Equivalent thickness of steel ring placed at the centre of the shell

thickness ( R = 2.25 - 0.1 = 2.15 m ) is
Ts = 28149 = 2.08 mm
2ΠR
Horizontal steel (hoops) may be provided @ 0.2 % of sectional area ok
Area of steel per metre height of chimney 0.2 * =
200 * 1000 = 400 mm2
100
Hence pitch s of 12 mm Φ bar hoops = 1000 * 113 = 282.5 mm
400
Provide these at 250 mm centre ok
W = 25.00 * 67544 = 1688606 N
P1 = 0.7 * 1800 ( 4.50 * 25.0 ) = 141750 N acting at 12.5 m below top
.: M = 141750 * 12.5 = 1771875 N.m
.: Eccentricity e = M = 1771875 = 1.049 m = 1049 mm

W 1688606
For M 25 concrete , m = 10.98
.: Eqivalent area = A = Π/4 * ( 4.50 ^2 - 4.10 ^2 ) * 1000000 +

( 10.98 - 1 )* 28149
= 2982693 mm2
Eqivalent moment of inertia = I = (Π / 64) ( D 4 -d 4 )+(m-1) Π R ts (R) 2
= Π * ( 4.50 ^ 4 - 4.10 ^ 4 ) * 1000 ^ 4 +
64
( 10.98 - 1 ) * Π * 2150 * 2.08 * 2150 ^ 2
4
= 6.9073E+12 mm
PTO
Page 2 of 16
For no tension to develop, allowable eccentricity = 2I = 2 * 6.9073E+12
AD 2982693 * 4500
= 1029.2 mm
The actual eccentricity is 1049 mm. Hence some tension will be developed in the leeward side.
The maximum and minimum stresses are given by σ = W ± MD

A 2I
= 1688606 ± 1771875 * 1000 * 4500

2982693 2 * 6.9073E+12
= 0.566 ± 0.577
Compressive stress = 1.143 N/mm2 < 8.5 N/mm2 allowable (Safe)

Tensile stress = -0.011 N/mm2 < -0.8 N/mm2 allowable (Safe)
Thickness of shell = 300 mm

As =
1 * Π * ( 4.50 ^2 - 3.90 ^2 ) * 1000000
100 4
= 39584 mm2
Nos of 20 mm Φ bars = 39584 = 126
314
Actual As = 40841 mm2 > 39584 mm2 ok

thickness ( R = 2.25 - 0.15 = 2.10 m ) is
Ts = 40841 = 3.10 mm
2ΠR
Area of steel per metre height of chimney 0.2 * =
300 * 1000 = 600 mm2
100
600
W = 25.00 * 67544 + 25.00 * 20295 +
25.00 * 98960 = 4669977 N
P1 = 0.7 * 1800 ( 4.50 * 25.0 ) + 0.7 * 1600 ( 4.50 * 25.0 )

= 141750 + 126000.00 = 267750.00 N
.: M = 141750 * 37.5 + 126000 * 12.5 = 6890625 N.m

W 4669977
PTO
Page 3 of 16

( 10.98 - 1 )* 40841
= 4365997 mm2
Eqivalent moment of inertia = I = ( Π/64 ) ( D 4 -d 4 ) + ( m-1 ) Π R ts (R) 2
= Π * ( 4.50 ^ 4 - 3.90 ^ 4 ) * 1000 ^ 4 +
64
( 10.98 - 1 ) * Π * 2100 * 3.10 * 2100 ^ 2
4
= 9.6716E+12 mm
AD 4365997 * 4500
= 984.5 mm

A 2I
= 4669977 ± 6890625 * 1000 * 4500

4365997 2 * 9.6716E+12
= 1.070 ± 1.603

Tensile stress = -0.533 N/mm2 < -0.8 N/mm2 allowable (Safe)
Thickness of shell = 400 mm

As =
1 * Π * ( 4.50 ^2 - 3.70 ^2 ) * 1000000
100 4
= 51522 mm2
Nos of 25 mm Φ bars = 51522 = 105 nos
491
Actual As = 58905 mm2 > 51522 mm2 ok

thickness ( R = 2.25 - 0.15 = 2.10 m ) is
Ts = 58905 = 4.46 mm
2ΠR
Area of steel per metre height of chimney = 0.2 * 400 * 1000 = 800 mm2
100
800
PTO
Page 4 of 16
W = 25.00 * 67544 + 25.00 * 20295 + 25.00 * 98960 +
22.00 * 20295 + 22.00 * 128805 = 7950177 N
P1 = 0.7 * 1800 ( 4.50 * 25.0 ) + 0.7 * 1600 ( 4.50 * 25.0 )

0.7 * 1400 ( 4.50 * 22.00 )
= 141750 + 126000 + 97020 = 364770 N
.: M = 141750 * 59.5 + 126000 * 34.5 + 97020 * 11.0

= 13848345 N.m

W 7950177
( 10.98 - 1 )* 58905
= 5740082 mm2
Eqivalent moment of inertia = I = ( Π/64 ) ( D 4 -d 4 ) + ( m-1 ) Π R ts (R) 2
= Π * ( 4.50 ^ 4 - 3.70 ^ 4 ) * 1000 ^ 4 +
64
( 10.98 - 1 ) * Π * 2100 * 4.46 * 2100 ^ 2
4
= 1.2225E+13 mm
AD 5740082 * 4500
= 946.6 mm

A 2I
= 7950177 ± 13848345 * 1000 * 4500

5740082 2 * 1.2225E+13
= 1.385 ± 2.549

2
Tensile stress = -1.164 N/mm2 >= -0.8 N/mm allowable Check further
The eccentricity is quite high. Due to this, tensile stresses in

2
the windward side are expected to be greather than 0.8 N/mm
resultingin cracking of concrete. Hence it is assumed that only
steel will take the tensile stresses and concrete in the tensile
zone will be ignored. Thus, the method of analysis used at
25.00 m and 50.00 m will not be applicable.
We shall analyse the section for stresses by method
discussed in § 8.3.
Tc = 400 mm R= 2.25 - 0.20 = 2.05 m

Ts = 4.46 mm eccentricity e = 1.742 m
m = 10.98
In order to find the position of N.A., use equation 8.3 :
e = R
[ (Tc-Ts) {
sin2Φ
4
+
Π-Φ
2 } +
mΠ Ts
2 ] fig 2
[ (Tc-Ts) { sinΦ + (Π-Φ) cosΦ } mΠ Ts cosΦ

]
PTO
Page 5 of 16
e = 205 * [ ( 40.00 - 0.45 ) * {
sin2Φ
4
+
Π-Φ
2 } +
10.98 * Π
2
*
0.45
]
[ ( 40.00 - 0.45 ) * { sinΦ + (Π-Φ) cosΦ } + 10.98 * Π * 0.45 * cosΦ ]
Now adjust the value of angle Φ in such a way that the value of eccentricity e is >= 1.742 m
Assume Φ = 86.00 ºC = 1.5010 radians
.: e = 6922.40 + 1578.44 = 8500.84

43.98 + 1.074 45.058
= 1.887 m not ok which is slightly more than the actual value
.: consider Φ = 0.00 ºC
The maximum stress c1 in concrete is found from Eq.8.1
W =
2Rc1
1+cosΦ [ (Tc-Ts) { sinΦ + (Π-Φ) cosΦ } + mΠ Ts cosΦ ]
.:
7950177 =
2 * 2050
1 + 0.06976
* c1
[ ( 400 - 4.46 ) *
{ 0.9976 + 1.6406 * 0.0698 } + 10.98 * Π * 4.46 * 0.0698 ]

1726917 c1
=
.: Compressive stress 7950177 2 2
in Concrete
c1 =
1726917
= 4.6037 N/mm < 8.5 N/mm safe
Tensile stress in Steel, assuming concrete to be fully cracked.

t1 = m * c1 *
1 - cosΦ
1 + cosΦ
= [ ] 43.96 N/mm
2 < 140 N/mm
2
safe
(b) Stress in horizontal reinforcement
Area of steel per metre height of chimney = 0.2 * 400 * 1000 = 800 mm2
100

800
As = 113.1 mm2
in pitch s = 140 mm centre, if the cover is 40 mm then
D1 = 4500 - 80 = 4420 mm
p * s 364770 * 140 2
.: t1 = = = 51.079 N/mm < 140
2 * As * D1 2 * 113 * 4420
N/mm2
allowable
Safe
PTO
Page 6 of 16
(c) Stress on leeward side due to temperature gradient
fig 3
fig 4
Thickness of shell Tc = 400 mm Thickness of lining Tl = 100 mm

Thickness of steel Ts = 4.46 mm
.: aTc = 400 - 50 = 350 mm
Cover to vertical steel = 50 mm
a = 350 = 0.875
c1 = 4.6037 N/mm 2 400
Es = 2.05E+05 N/mm2 Ec = 2.05E+05 = 1.867E+04 N/mm2

10.98
p = Ts = 4.46 = 0.01116 α = 1.10E-05 per º C Concrete

Tc 400 Temperature
Co-efficient
Temperature difference = 200 ºC ok
Let us assume that 80 % of temperature drops through the lining and shell. ok
Drop in temperature = 200 * 0.8 = 160 ºC
Asssuming that drop in lining is 5 times more than that in shell, per unit thickness, ok
the drop of temperature through concrete is given by,
Tº = 160 400 = 71.11 ºC

*
400 + 5 * 100
To locate -neutral axis in the shell thickness, use Eq. 8.10
c1 [1 + ( m -
2
1 ) * p ] = α * T * Ec
0.5 * k - m * p * (a - k)
.: 4.6037 * [ 1 + ( 10.98 - 1 ) * 0.01116 ) ] = 1.1E-05 * 71.11 *

2
0.5 * k - 10.98 * 0.01116 * ( 0.875 - k ) 1.867E+04
or 10.2329 = 14.6043
2
k + 0.24509 * k - 0.21445
2
k + 0.245 * k - 0.915 = 0
solving for k k = 0.8419
PTO
Page 7 of 16
.: Compressive a * α * Tº * Ec
c = = k * α * Tº * Ec
Stress in Concrete a - k
1 +
k
= 0.842 * 1.1E-05 * 71.11 * 1.867E+04
= 12.295 N/mm
2
Since wind stresses are taken into account,
Permissible 4 2
= * 8.5 = 11.33 N/mm
Stress in Concrete 3
Thus the compressive stress more than the permissible--not ok
The above analysis is based on the assumption that the tension caused by temperature variation
cannot be taken by concrete, and it is taken entirely by steel.
Stress in Steel = t = mc a-k = 10.98 * 12.295 * ( 0.875 - 0.842 )

k 0.842
= 5.308 N/mm2
(d) Stresses on windward side, due to temperature gradient
p * t1 = α * Tº * Ec
2
m * p * ( a - k ) - 0.5 * k
where t1 = 43.956 N/mm

2 p = 0.01116071 a = 0.875 m = 10.98
α = 0.000011 Tº = 71.11 ºC Ec = 18670 N/mm2
.: 0.01116 * 43.956 0 = 0.000011 * 71.11

2
10.98 * 0.01116 * ( 0.875 - k ) - 0.5 * k * 18670
0.490581772 14.604
or 2 =
0.107226563 - 0.122544643 k - 0.5 * k
2
0.10723 - 0.12254 k - 0.5 * k = 0.0336
solving k = 0.2803
.: Compressive c = α * Tº * Ec * k = 4.0937 N/mm

2
Stress in Concrete
Tensile stress in Steel, assuming concrete to be fully cracked. fig 5
t = m c a - k = 10.98 * 4.0937 * ( 0.875 - 0.2803 )

k 0.2803
= 95.36 N/mm
2 < 140 N/mm
2 ( safe )
(e) Stresses on the Neutral axis .(i.e. temperature effect alone)

k2 = -mp + √2mpa + m2p2
where m = 10.98 p = 0.01116 a = 0.875
α = 0.000011 Tº = 71.11 ºC Ec = 18670 N/mm
2
or k2 - 10.98 * 0.01116 + √ 2 * 10.98 * 0.01116 * 0.875

=
+ 10.98 * 10.98 * 0.01116 * 0.01116
PTO
Page 8 of 16
k2 = 0.35648596
.: Compressive c2 = α * Tº * Ec * k2 = 5.2062 N/mm

2
Stress in Concrete
Tensile stress in concrete, assuming concrete to be fully cracked.
t2 = m c a - k2 = 10.98 * 5.2062 * ( 0.875 - 0.35649 )

2
k2 0.35649
= 83.15 N/mm2 < 140 N/mm2 ( safe )
(b) Stress in horizontal reinforcement due to temperature :
p' = AΦ = 113.10 = 0.00202

S Tc 140 * 400
a' = 360 = 0.900

400
From Eq. 8.13.
k' = -mp' + √2mp'a + m2p'2
or k' - 10.98 * 0.00202 + √ 2 * 10.98 * 0.00202 * 0.900

=
+ 10.98 * 10.98 * 0.00202 * 0.00202
k' = 0.17883981
.: Compressive c' = α * Tº * Ec * k' = 2.6118 N/mm

2
Stress in Concrete
Tensile stress in concrete, assuming concrete to be fully cracked.
t2 = m c' a' - k' = 10.98 * 2.6118 * ( 0.900 - 0.17884 )

k' 0.17884
= 115.64 N/mm
2 < 140 N/mm
2 O.k
These stresses are due to temperature effect alone. To this we must add the stresses due to wind.
Hence total stress in steel
= 115.64 + 51.079 = 166.72 N/mm
2
Since wind is also acting, permissible t = 4 * 140 = 186.67 N/mm

2 Safe
allowable tensile stress in steel 3
PTO
Page 9 of 16
5. Flue Opening :
Provide a flue opening 1.5 m wide and

2.0 m high at bottom. ok
The boundary of the opening is thickened and
reinforced as shown in Fig A. The vertical
steel bars are bent on either side of the
opening as shown
fig 6
6. Force acting at 0.00 level for Foundation Design :
P P = 7950177 N
M = 13848345 N .m
M
V M V = 364770 N
0.00 level
PTO
Page 10 of 16
7. Design of Cirrcullar Chimney Foundation :
P
e 7950.18
364.77 1742
Data FFL H
Concrete Grade fc' = 25 N/mm2
200
A
Steel Grade fy = 415 N/mm2 FGL
S.B.C of Soil Qs = 200 Kn/m2 Soil filling inside
Density of soil Ws = 18 Kn/m3
Axial Load P= 7950.18 Kn
1700
Moment M= 13848.345 Kn . M D
eccentricity e = M/P = 1.742 m
4000
Totd
Horizontal load H= 364.77 Kn
Outer dia of chimney d= 4.50 m
Thickness of chimney wall t= 400 mm
14.00 m
2300
Dia of Footing OD =
T
A= 200 mm
Level of footing below ground Totd = 4000 mm
Depth of Soil D= 1700 mm 4500
Depth of Footing T= 2300 mm d
Footing Reinforcement dia Φ= 32 25 mm 14000
Reinforcement cover c = 75 mm OD
14000
Axial load at the base of footing

OD
= 7950.18
P' = P + Weight of Chimney Wall + Soil Filling inside
of wall + Weight of soil + Self weight of footing
= 7950.18 + Π ( 4.50 ^2 - 4.10 ^2 )
4
* ( 1.70 + 0.2 ) * 25
+ Π ( 4.10 ^2 ) * 18
4 fig 7
+ Π ( 14.00 ^2 - 4.50 ^2 ) * 18 * 1.70
4
+ Π ( 14.00 ^2 ) * 2.30 * 25
4
= 7950.18 + 128.33 + 237.65 + 4223.83 + 8851.44
= 21391.43 kn
M' = 13848.345 + H * ( D + T + A )
= 13848.345 + 364.77 * ( 2.30 + 1.70 + 0.2 )
= 15380.38 Kn . M
.: e' = M' = 15380.38 = 0.7190 < [ OD = 1.75 m ]

P' 21391.43 8
Ok
2 4 4
Axx = Π * OD Ixx = Π * OD = 1885.74099 m
4 64
2
= 153.94 m
3 3
Zxx = Π * OD = 269.39157 m
32
PTO
Page 11 of 16
The maximum and minimum base pressures are given by σ = P' ± M'
A Zxx
fig 8
= 21391.43 ± 15380.38
153.94 269.39
196.05
81.87
= 138.961 ± 57.093
σ max = 196.05 Kn / m2 < 200 Kn / m2 allowable Ok
σ min = 81.87 Kn / m2 > 0 Kn / m2 allowable Ok
Factor of Safety against overturning = Stabilising Moment = P' * OD

Overturning Moment 2
M'
= 21391.43 * 14.00
2
15380.38
= 9.74 > 1.5 safe
Design of Footing slab
Assume initially 1 Layer of 32 mm Φ bars 120 nos spaced radially along the
+ 25 mm Φ bars As = 1295 mm2 circumferance
Φ = 3.00 º = 0.0524 radians

Radius of Chimney = ro = 2250 mm
Radius of Foundation = fro = 7000 mm
Bar Spacing at ro = 118 mm Length of segment 'PQ'
Bar Spacing at fro = 367 mm Length of segment 'RS'
Uniform pressure
= 139.0 Kn / m2
under area 'PQRS'
Pressure due to
= 57.1 Kn / m2
Moment at 'RS'
R
Pressure due to
= 18.4 Kn / m2 Main Reinforcement
Moment at 'PQ'
b1 Area covered by
S one unit of Main
Area of Segment 'PQRS' = 1.15028 m2 a1 Reinforcement
CG of Segment 'PQRS' P b2
= 2.782 m fro Critical Section
from 'PQ' ro
Φ a2 for Moment
Q
Footing
Outer Dia
A rp
A
Chimney
rs Outer Dia
Line of Punching Shear
Line of Shear
fig 9
PTO
Page 12 of 16
C / L of foundation
2250 2500 2250

r Straight portion Sloping portion
16 Φ top radial reinforcement 1.61
1
c/L of Foundation
Shear Stirrups (if required)
2300
Main Radial reinforcement Circullar reinf
900
32 Φ 120 nos 16 Φ @ 200 c/c
1112.5 75 cover
critical punching shear section

2225 critical shear Section
7000
C/L
Section A - A fig 10
.: Moment at 'PQ' Mf = 503.33 + 70.56 = 573.89 Kn .m
fy = 415 N/mm2 .: fyall = 230 N/mm2 m = 10.98

fc' = 25 N/mm2 .: fc'all = 8.5 N/mm2
.: k = 10.98 * 8.5 = 0.289

10.98 * 8.5 + 230
j = 1 - k = 1 - 0.289 = 0.90378
3 3
R = 1 fc'all j k = 1 * 8.5 * 0.904 * 0.289
2 2
= 1.109
Hence d = Mf = 573.89 * 1000000 = 2096.08 mm

√ 1000 * R
√ 118 * 1.109
.: adopt T = 2300 mm cover = 75 mm d = 2300 - 75

.: d = 2225 mm effective depth ok
2
As = M = 573887856 = 1241 mm
Fyall * j * d 230 * 0.90378 * 2225
.: Provide 32 Φ + 25 Φ AΦ = Π * ( 32 ² + 25 ² )
1 dia bars. 4
2 2
layer of Main radial reinforcement = 1295 mm > 1241 mm
ok
Provide 16 Φ @ 200 c/c p% = 1295 * 100 = 0.494 %
distribution steel 118 * 2225
PTO
Page 13 of 16
Punching Shear : Check Punching shear at ro + d/2 from the c/L
r = 2250 d = mm 1112.5 mm r + d = 3363 mm

2 2
Φ = 3.00 º = 0.0524 radians
Radius of Punching shear = rps = 3363 mm
Radius of Foundation = fro = 7000 mm
Bar Spacing at rps = 176 mm Length of segment 'a1a2'
Bar Spacing at fro = 367 mm Length of segment 'RS'
Uniform pressure Area of Segment 'PQa1a2' = 0.98682 m2

= 139.0 Kn / m2
under area 'PQRS' CG of Segment 'PQa1a2'
= 2.032 m
Pressure due to from 'a1a2'
= 57.1 Kn / m2
Moment at 'RS'
Pressure due to
= 27.4 Kn / m2
Moment at 'PQ'
.: Punching Shear at 'a1a2' F = 164.19 + 14.64 = 178.83 Kn
Allowable Punching Shear stress = fck = 0.16 * 25 = 0.8 N/mm2

0.16
√ √
.: Depth required for punching shear do = F = 178831
fck * 176 0.8 * 176
0.16
√
= 1270 < 2225 mm provided OK
Shear : Check shear at r + d from the c/L, End of Straight portion,

and at three points at sloping portion.
distance from c/L mm 2250 4475 4750 5500 6250 7000

Reinforcement Spacing mm 116 234 248 286 326 366
Effective depth mm 2225 2225 2225 1758 1292 825
Bar dia mm 32 + 25 32 + 25 32 + 25 32 + 16 32 + 16 32 + 0
As mm2 1295 1295 1295 1005 1005 804
p% 0.5018 0.2488 0.2347 0.1999 0.2387 0.2664
ok ok ok not ok ok ok
Uniform pressure kn/m2 139.0 139.0 139.0 139.0 139.0 139.0
Pressure due to moment @ rs kn/m2 57.1 57.1 57.1 57.1 57.1 57.1
Pressure due to moment at section kn/m2 18.35 36.50 38.74 44.86 50.98 57.09
Area of Segment 'PQxx' m2 1.150 0.759 0.692 0.491 0.260 0.000
CG of Segment 'PQxx' m 2.79 1.36 1.20 0.78 0.38 0.00
M actual / bar Kn.m 575 194 157 73 19 0
M allowable / bar Kn.m 599 599 599 367 270 138
ok ok ok ok ok ok
p% for Shear 0.50 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
Shear Stress tc N/mm2 0.31 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23
Shear allowable Kn 80 120 127 116 97 69
Shear actual Kn 181 133 123 90 49 0
Shear Reinf Reqd Reqd Not Reqd Not Reqd Not Reqd Not Reqd
Shear - Vs per main bar Kn 101 13 1 1 1 1
Shear - MS bar dia fyall 140 12 12 1 1 1 1
spacing mm 349 2638 245 193 142 91
Minimum shear s = 2.5Asvfy/b mm 341 169 1 1 1 1
.: Provided spacing = mm 175 175
ok not ok ok ok ok ok
PTO
Page 14 of 16
Check Deflection of Chimney :
Data :
Top Portion :
Height of Top portion of Chimney = 25.00 m
Wind intensity of top portion of Chimney = 1800 N/m2
Concrete Area of Top Portion of chimney = 2982693 mm2
Moment of Inertia of Top portion of Chimney = 6.9073E+12 mm4
Wind Moment at the base of Top Portion = 1.7719E+06 N.m
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete = 2.8500E+04 N/mm2
M / Ei = 9.0008E-09 1/mm
Area of M / Ei of top portion = 1.1251E-04
C.g of Area of M / Ei of top portion = 1.6667E+04 mm
Moment of Area of M / Ei from top portion = 1.8752E+00 (1)
Partial Deflection of Top Portion δtop = 1.875 mm

wrt bottom of top portion
Ratio L / δ = L / 13332 > L / 200
ok
Middle Portion :
Height of Middle portion of Chimney = 25.00 m
Wind intensity of Middle portion of Chimney = 1600 N/m2
Area of Middle Portion of chimney = 4365997 mm2
Moment of Inertia of Middle portion of Chimney = 9.6716E+12 mm4
Wind Moment at the base of Middle Portion = 6.8906E+06 N.m
M / Ei = 2.4999E-08 1/mm
Area of M / Ei of Middle portion = 4.2499E-04
C.g of Area of M / Ei of Middle portion from top = 3.7500E+04 mm
Moment of Area of M / Ei of Middle portion = 1.7812E+01 (2)
Partial Deflection of Top Portion δtop = 17.812 mm

wrt bottom of middle portion
Ratio L / δ = L / 2807 < L / 200
ok
PTO
Page 15 of 16
Bottom Portion :
Height of Bottom portion of Chimney = 22.00 m
Wind intensity of Bottom portion of Chimney = 1400 N/m2
Area of Bottom Portion of chimney = 5740082 mm2
Moment of Inertia of Bottom portion of Chimney = 1.2225E+13 mm4
Wind Moment at the base of Bottom Portion = 1.3848E+07 N.m
M / Ei = 3.9746E-08 1/mm
Area of M / Ei of Bottom portion = 7.1219E-04
C.g of Area of M / Ei of Bottom portion from top = 6.1000E+04 mm
Moment of Area of M / Ei of Bottom portion = 6.1256E+01 (3)
Total Deflection of Top Portion δtop = 61.256 mm

wrt bottom of bottom portion
Ratio L / δ = L / 1175 < L / 200

ok
PTO
Page 16 of 16

6 Design of Constant Dia RCC Chimney and Foundation 23052014 PDF

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Ref Calculation Output

1) Dimensions of Chimney and Forces 200

Height of Chimney 72.00 m

Thickness of chimney shell at top portion 200 mm

Constant wind pressure intensity at middle 1600 N/m2

This program Designs

1.00 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.42

= 20295 N A B Quadri 2.50 0.44 0.51 0.55 0.57 0.58 0.60

0.51 0.57 0.60 0.62 0.63

For 200 mm thk shell, w = Π [ 4.50 - 0.20 ] * 0.20 * 1.00 * 25000

For 300 mm thk shell, w = Π [ 4.50 - 0.30 ] * 0.30 * 1.00 * 25000

For 400 mm thk shell, w = Π [ 4.50 - 0.40 ] * 0.40 * 1.00 * 25000

2) Stress at Section 25.00 m below top

Let the vertical reinforcement be 1.00 % of the concrete area ok

Actual As = 28149 mm2 > 27018 mm2 ok

Equivalent thickness of steel ring placed at the centre of the shell

P1 = 0.7 * 1800 ( 4.50 * 25.0 ) = 141750 N acting at 12.5 m below top

.: M = 141750 * 12.5 = 1771875 N.m

.: Eccentricity e = M = 1771875 = 1.049 m = 1049 mm

.: Eqivalent area = A = Π/4 * ( 4.50 ^2 - 4.10 ^2 ) * 1000000 +

The maximum and minimum stresses are given by σ = W ± MD

= 1688606 ± 1771875 * 1000 * 4500

Compressive stress = 1.143 N/mm2 < 8.5 N/mm2 allowable (Safe)

2) Stress at Section 50.00 m below top

Thickness of shell = 300 mm

Let the vertical reinforcement be 1.00 % of the concrete area ok

Actual As = 40841 mm2 > 39584 mm2 ok

Equivalent thickness of steel ring placed at the centre of the shell

P1 = 0.7 * 1800 ( 4.50 * 25.0 ) + 0.7 * 1600 ( 4.50 * 25.0 )

.: M = 141750 * 37.5 + 126000 * 12.5 = 6890625 N.m

.: Eccentricity e = M = 6890625 = 1.476 m = 1476 mm

.: Eqivalent area = A = Π/4 * ( 4.50 ^2 - 3.90 ^2 ) * 1000000 +

The maximum and minimum stresses are given by σ = W ± MD

= 4669977 ± 6890625 * 1000 * 4500

Compressive stress = 2.673 N/mm2 < 8.5 N/mm2 allowable (Safe)

3) Stress at Section 72.00 m below top

Thickness of shell = 400 mm

Let the vertical reinforcement be 1.00 % of the concrete area ok

Actual As = 58905 mm2 > 51522 mm2 ok

Equivalent thickness of steel ring placed at the centre of the shell

P1 = 0.7 * 1800 ( 4.50 * 25.0 ) + 0.7 * 1600 ( 4.50 * 25.0 )

.: M = 141750 * 59.5 + 126000 * 34.5 + 97020 * 11.0

.: Eccentricity e = M = 13848345 = 1.742 m = 1742 mm

The maximum and minimum stresses are given by σ = W ± MD

= 7950177 ± 13848345 * 1000 * 4500

Compressive stress = 3.934 N/mm2 < 8.5 N/mm2 allowable (Safe)

The eccentricity is quite high. Due to this, tensile stresses in

Tc = 400 mm R= 2.25 - 0.20 = 2.05 m

In order to find the position of N.A., use equation 8.3 :

[ (Tc-Ts) { sinΦ + (Π-Φ) cosΦ } mΠ Ts cosΦ

Assume Φ = 86.00 ºC = 1.5010 radians

.: e = 6922.40 + 1578.44 = 8500.84

The maximum stress c1 in concrete is found from Eq.8.1

{ 0.9976 + 1.6406 * 0.0698 } + 10.98 * Π * 4.46 * 0.0698 ]

Tensile stress in Steel, assuming concrete to be fully cracked.

Horizontal steel (hoops) may be provided @ 0.2 % of sectional area ok