The Teacher

and the

School Curriculum

Prepared by:

BEED and BSEd-Major in Filipino/ III

Presented to:

Dr. Denis D. Belocura

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 I. The Philippine Basic Education Curriculum

Basic Education Curriculum (Old System)

The basic education curriculum in the Philippine contains mother-toungue base multilingual
education, universal kindergarten, college and livelihood readiness and specialized upper secondary
education. The curriculum also features spiral progression and contextualization and enhancement,
which helps make the curriculum more relevant to the students.

Basic Education Curriculum (New System)

K to 12 (also K-12) is an education system under the department of Education that aims to
enhance learner's basic skills, produce more competent citizens and prepare graduates for life long
learning and employment. ''K" stands for kindergarten and "12" reffers to the succeeding 12 years of
basic education (6 of Elementary Education, 4 years of Junior High School and 2 years of Senior High
School)

Old System

•Students lack mastery of basic competencies due to a congested ten-year basic education
curriculum

•Graduates of the old curriculum are younger than 18 year and are not legally ready to get a job
or start a business.

•Foreign countries percieve a ten-year curriculum as insufficient . They do not automatically

recognize Overseas Filipino workers (OFW's ) as professionals abroad.

•Kindergarten (a strong foundation for life long learning and total development) is optional and
not a pre-requisite for admission to Grade 1.

• Old education system offers a broad curriculum that does not include enough practical
applications

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 K-12 Education System

•The k-12 program offers a decongested 12 year program that gives students sufficient time to
master skills and absorb basic competencies

•Students of the new system will graduate at the age of 18 and will be ready for employment,
entrepreneurship, middle level skills development and higher education upon graduation

•K-12 program accelerates mutual recognition of Filipino graduates and professionals in there
countries

•Kindergarten is mandatory for five years old children a pre-requisite for admission to Grade 1.

•The new curriculum gives students the chance to choose among three tracks (Academic,
Technical, Vocational and Livelihood, and Sports and Arts) and undergo immersion, which provides
relevant exposure and actual experience in their chosen track.

(www.slideshare.net>Ihayzacuatrid)

II. TESDA

TESDA or the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority serves as the Philippines'
Technical Vocational Education and Training authority. As a government agency, TESDA is tasked to
both manage and supervise the Philippines' Technical Education and Skills Development in the
Philippines.

It was created by virtue of Republic Act 7796, otherwise known as the "Technical Education and
Skills Development Act of 1994. The said Act integrated the functions of the former National
Manpower and Youth Council (NMYC), the Bureau of Technical-Vocational Education of the
Department of Education, Culture and Sports (BTVE-DECS) and the Office of Apprenticeship of the
Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE).

(TESDA has the following vission, mission, value statement and quality policy)

Vission

The transformational leader in the technical education and skills development of the Filipino
workforce.

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Mission

TESDA sets direction, promulgates relevant standards, and implement programs geared towards a
guilty-assured and inclusive technical education and skills development and certification system.

Value Statement

We believe in demonstrated competence, institutional integrity, personal commitment, culture of

innovativeness and a deep sense of nationalism.

Quality policy

"We measure our worth by the satisfaction of the customers we serve"

Through:

Strategic decisions

Effectiveness

Responsiveness

Value added performance

Integrity

Citizen focus

Efficiency

*What are the courses in TESDA?

Based on TESDA records, these were the most popular courses:

• Shielded Metal Arc Welding (Course II)

• Cookery

• Food and beverage service

• Bread and pastry production

• Housekeeping

• Electrical Installation and Maintenance

• Shielded Metal Arc Welding (Course I)

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 •Computer Systems Servicing

* How long is TESDA hours?

Nominal duration:264 hours

This course is designed to enhance the knowledge, skills, positive attitude and work values of
the learners in accordance with the prevailing standards in the Technical-Vocational Education and
Training (TVET) sector.

TESDA is mandated to:

Approve skills standards and tests; Develop on accreditation system for institutions involved in middle
level mampower development. Fund programs and projects for technical education and skills
development; ans assist trainers training programs.

*Benefits of taking TESDA courses

One way of improving yourself is through learning and acquiring new sets of skills. Nowadays, it is
easy to learn new skills because there are various online and face-to-face classes available for you to
enroll in.

The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority or TESDA, for example, offers a long list
of free or affordable courses that will help expanding our knowledge in a specific subject. Established
in accordance with the Republic Act No. 7796 or the Technical Eduamcation and Skills Development
Actof 1994, TESDA provides hands-on training or online instruction. It aims to help individuals in
developing their skills through a rigorous training program that will boost their chances of
employability.

-Skills:

It is important to invest in yourself through self-improvement.

Gaining skills from finishing a TESDA course will help you be better in your chosen field or may
potentially make you earn more money.

-National Certificate or Certificate of Competency

TESDA assesses and certifies mid-level skilled workers through the Philippine TVET Competency
Assessment and Certification System.

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 -Employment opportunities

TESDA helps their students land jobs upon graduation.

III. The commission on higher Education (CHED)

The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) was created on May 18, 1994 through the
passage of Republic Act No. 7722, or the Higher Education Act of 1994. CHED, an attached agency to
the Office of the President for administrative purposes, is headed by a chairperson and four
commissioners, each having a term of office of four years. The Commission En Banc acts as a
collegial body in formulating plans, policies and strategies relating to higher education and the
operation of CHED.

The creation of CHED was part of a broad agenda of reforms on the country’s education system
outlined by the Congressional Commission on Education (EDCOM) in 1992. Part of the reforms was
the trifocalization of the education sector into three governing bodies: the CHED for tertiary and
graduate education, the Department of Education (DepEd) for basic education and the Technical
Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) for technical-vocational and middle-level
education.

In 1997, Republic Act (RA) No. 8292, otherwise known as the “Higher Education Modernization Act of
1997” was passed to establish a complete, adequate and integrated system of higher education. The
said law also modified and made uniform the composition of the Governing Boards of chartered state
universities and colleges (SUCs) nationwide in order to:(a) achieve a more coordinated and integrated
system of higher education;(b) render them more effective in the formulation and implementation of
policies on higher education;(c) provide for more relevant direction in their governance; and (d)
ensure the enjoyment of academic freedom as guaranteed by the Constitution

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 Trifocalization

The trifocal education system refocused DECS' mandate to basic education which covers
elementary, secondary and non-formal education, including culture and sports. TESDA administers
the post-secondary, middle-level manpower training and development while CHED supervise tertiary
degree programs.

Trifocalization in the Philippine educational system?

Trifocalization of the Philippine Education, the primary, secondary and non-formal basic
education systems. The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority, also known as TESDA,
spearheads the. countrys technical and vocational trainings, typically in two-year post-secondary
programs. The basic education curriculum in the Philippines contains mother tongue- based
multilingual education, universal kindergarten, college and livelihood readiness and specialized upper
secondary education.

What is the difference between DepEd and CHED?

Commission on Higher Education (CHED) regulates and/or supervises Higher Education institutions,
and State Universities and Colleges. While Department of Education (DepEd) on the other hand is
mostly dedicated to basic education, the basic education in the Philippines includes Kindergarten,
Elementary, to High School.

Is tesda a non formal education?

Philippine Technical Vocational Education and Training System. The education system in the
Philippines embraces formal and non-formal education. It is closely related to the American mode of
education but differs in the number of school years as other countries have 12 years basic education.

Why CHED is created?

The CHED was established on May 18, 1994 through Republic Act No. 7722 or the Higher Education
Act of 1994 which was authored by Senator Francisco Tatad. The creation of CHED was part of a
broad agenda for reforms in the country's education system, outlined by the Congressional
Commission on Education (EDCOM) in 1992.

What is the role of Tesda in K to 12 curriculum?

The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (Tesda) is working on improving high
school students' academic standing by initiating a review of its vocational training programs as part of
its adoption of K+12 (Kindergarten to 12 years), the Aquino administration's flagship education
program.

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What is the role of TESDA in the Philippine educational system?

TESDA is mandated to provide Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in the Philippines.
TVET provides education and training opportunities for students and clients in preparation for
employment.

What is basic education program?

Basic Education Program. The Basic Education Program (BEP) is the overarching set of regulations for
the Rhode Island public education system. It sets basic standards to help ensure that high-quality
education is available to all public school students, regardless of where they live or go to school.

Why does the Philippines need the K 12 education system?

The K-12 Basic Education Program aims to provide every Filipino child with the education
s/he needs to compete in a global context. The goal of the new curriculum is to give Filipino students
enough time to master skills and concepts so that they are ready for tertiary education when the time
comes.

(Isreal Juanmarti, General Last Updated: 22nd April, 2020)

IV. Duties, Programs, Services of DepEd, TESDA and CHED

DepEd

Formulates the national framework for all learner support services and issue policies and
standards to guide the programs for the holistic development of learners that complement the
curricular offerings. The focus of these developmental programs are on the:

Improvement of learner readiness in terms of physical health and proper nourishment.

Character formation and preparation of the youth towards leadership roles and civic service.

Development of mental discipline, psychomotor skills and social values through after-school sports
programs.

Provides technical and resource support to program implementers in the field.

PROGRAM MANAGEMENT SERVICE

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This office generally performs functions such as (but not limited to) the management, coordination,
monitoring and evaluation of capital intensive and large scale projects that involve two or more units
or agencies. Specific functions include:

Develops the strategic framework, guidelines and standards on program/project development,

management, monitoring and evaluation.

Develops and installs measures, systems and structures to ensure the continuous and sustained
implementation of programs and projects which have been/can be integrated in the regular structure.

Provides support and mobilizes resources to the different units to ensure efficient planning,
application and optimum use of resources to program and project operations and implementation.

Develops processes and mechanisms to assess the effectiveness of the programs/projects/initiatives

for the purpose of policy formulation, long- and medium-term planning and (re)designing of programs
and projects.

TESDA

Enterprise-Based Training Program

There are three training modalities being implemented in partnership with companies/establishments.
These are:

• Apprenticeship Program – a training and employment program involving a contract between an

apprentice and an employer on an approved apprenticeable occupation. Generally, it aims to provide
a mechanism that will ensure availability of qualified skilled workers based on industry requirements.
The period of apprenticeship covers a minimum of four (4) months to a maximum of six (6) months.
Only companies with approved and registered Apprenticeship Program under TESDA can hire
apprentices.

• Learnership Program – is a practical training on-the-job for approved learnable occupations for a
period not exceeding three (3) months. Only companies with TESDA approved and registered
Learnership Program can hire learners.

• Dual Training System - The DTS is a unique and most suitable training modality as the training
takes place in the school/training center and in the partner-company within a period of one and a half
to two years. It is a type of training modality that employs an active partnership between the
business enterprises and technical vocational schools, thereby ensuring a steady supply of best job-fit
and ready workers to the industry. Its legal basis is RA 7686, or the DTS Act of 1994.

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Under the DTS, the training is tailor-fit based on the actual needs of the accredited partner industries,
including their employment requirements (physical and behavioral domain of workers). Participating
companies are assured of savings and returns in their investments thru tax incentives and less labor
costs apart from having desirable and competent workers who are trained in accordance to their
needs, standards, and facilities.

MANDATE AND FUNCTION

TESDA is mandated to:

1. Integrate, coordinate and monitor skills development programs.

2. Restructure efforts to promote and develop middle level man power.
3. Approve skills standards and tests
4. Develop an accreditation system for institutions involved in middle level man power
deveploment.
5. Fund programs and projects for technical Education and skills development and
6. Assist trainers training programs.

AT THE SAME TIME TESDA is expected to;

1. Devolve training functions to local governments

2. Reform the apprenticeship program
3. Involve industry\ employers in skills training
4. Formulate a skills development plan
5. Develop and administer training incentives
6. Organize skills competitions and
7. Management skills development funds

Overall TESDA formulates man power and skills plan, sets appropriate skills standards and tests,
coordinates and monitors manpower policies and programs and provides policy directions and
guidelines for resource allocation for the TVET institutions in both the private and public sectors.

Today, TESDA has evolved into an organization that is responsive, effective and efficient in delivering
myriad services to its clients.

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 V. Tracks offered in the Senior High School

Each student in Senior High School can choose among three tracks: Academic; Technical-
Vocational-Livelihood; and Sports and Arts. The Academic track includes three strands: Business,
Accountancy, Management (BAM); Humanities, Education, Social Sciences (HESS); and Science,
Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM).

What are the core subjects in SHS?

There are 15 core subjects that all SHS students will take. Two of these are different if you
are under the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) strand. These core
subjects include Language, Humanities, Communication, Mathematics, Science, Social Science,
Philosophy, and PE and Health subjects.

(© AskingLot.com LTD 2020)

VI. Courses offered in CHED

List of Priority Courses aligned with global innovation platforms of Science, Technology,
Engineering, Agri-fisheries and Mathematics(STEAM):

A. Science

 Physics/applied Physics
 Biochemistry
 Biology
 Botany
 Chemistry
 Meteorology
 Doctor of dental Medicine
 Criminology
 Forensic sciences
 Industrial security
 Administration
 Geology
 Human biology
 Molecular biology and biotechnology
 Marine biology
 Marine science

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 Environmental science
 Disaster risk
 Management/climate change
 Zoology

B. Technology
 Civil technology
 Mechatronics Engineering Technology
 Electronic Technology
 Mechanical Technology
 Electrical Technology
 Industrial Technology
 Engineering Technology
 Cyber security
 Information Technology
 Computer Science
 Information System
 Library and Information science
 Entertainment and Multimedia Computing
 Automotive Technology
 Aviation Technology

C. Engineering

 Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering

 Architecture
 Ceramic Engineering
 Chemical Engineering
 Civil Engineering
 Computer engineering
 Electrical Engineering
 Electronics
 Engineering/Electronics and Communications Engineering
 Food Engineering
 Geodetic Engineering
 Industrial Engineering
 Manufacturing/Production engineering
 Marine Engineering

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  Marine Transportation
 Materials Engineering
 Mechanical Engineering
 Mechatronics Engineering
 Metallurgical Engineering
 Mining engineering
 Petroleum Engineering
 Robotics Engineering
 Sanitary Engineering
 Structural Engineering

D. Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries

 Agriculture Technology
 Agriculture and its hybrid Programs
 Agro-forestry
 Animal husbandry
 Animal science
 Doctor veterinary Medicine
 Fisheries
 Food Technology/Science
 Forestry
 Horticulture

E. Mathematics
 Statistics/Applied statistics
 Math/applied Math

Other Priority courses:

 Business Administration with Specialization/major/track in business analytics
 Business Administration with Specialization/major/track in business processing outsource
 Hospitality Management/Hotel and restaurant Management
 Tourism/travel Management

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References:

https://sites.google.com/site/tesdaisabela/NULL

https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk03Rbiwgg4q-
D2byG_rjWJ91hACGhQ%3A1602734999343&ei=l8uHX6G7FI2Gr7wP_8eq-
As&q=Different+Tracks+on+CHED&oq=Different+Tracks+on+CHED&gs_lcp=ChNtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXd
pei1zZXJwEAMyBAgjECcyBggAEBYQHjIGCAAQFhAeMgYIABAWEB4yBggAEBYQHjIGCAAQFhAeMgYIAB
AWEB4yBggAEBYQHlC_WVj8fGDqgAFoAXAAeAKAAfQTiAH8QJIBBzctMS4xLjKYAQCgAQHAAQE&sclient
=mobile-gws-wiz-serp#sbfbu=1&pi=Different%20Tracks%20on%20CHED

https://www.google.com.ph/search?ei=dbKHX8KuEJSXr7wP5YKWsAs&q=The+Philippine+basic+Educ
ation+Curriculum+%28DepEd%29

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