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Chuvash-English Dictionary: The Dictionary Is Based Mainly On The Vocabulary by J. Krueger in His Chuvaš Manual
Chuvash-English Dictionary: The Dictionary Is Based Mainly On The Vocabulary by J. Krueger in His Chuvaš Manual
ĕlĕk formerly, once upon a time; ĕlĕkhithe former one, the one that was formerly
ĕlkĕr to get to, have time for; succeed
ĕmĕr life, age; century ĕmĕrehforever
ĕmĕtlen to dream
ĕne cow
ĕnen to believe
ĕnenü faith, belief
ĕner yesterday
ĕntĕ already, now
ĕş I work, business, matter, affair
ĕşcen adj.industrious, diligent
ĕşcen n.industrious person, labourer, worker
ĕşle to work
ĕşleken n. worker
ĕşletter to make work
ĕşsĕrlĕhunemplojment;
ĕş şynni worker, working man
ĕş II to drink;
ĕşkĕ beverage (alcoholic), drink; party
ĕşkĕ-şikĕ party
ĕşke often -şkeindeed, verily
-i interrogative particle
Iisus (Russ.) Jesus
ik, ikĕ, ikkĕ two;ikšerĕn two at a time
ikken it seems, as it were
ikercĕ a kind of waffle or pancake
il- to take, to buy
ilem beauty
ilemlĕ beautiful, having beauty;
ilemlĕ literaturabelles-lettres, literature in the artistic sense
ilt see itl-
im, i-mĕn Reallj! you don‘t say!
imĕš as it were
institut (Russ.) institute
inşe far, distant;inşetri far, distant, in the distance
intereslen (Russ.) to be interested (takes instrumental case) syn.kăsăklan
irĕk will, freedom, volition; irĕkkĕnvoluntarily, freely, at will
irĕl to melt, thaw
irt to occur, take place, pass, happen
irtĕncĕh playful cild
irhi morning; irhine in the morning
itle to listen, hear, obey
jal village
jalan always, continually;jalanah always, regularly, promptly
jalav banner, flag
jal-huşalăhagriculture
janăravla, janrato sound, make noise
janvar‘ (Russ. ) January syn.kărlac
japala thing, object
japala jacĕ noun
jar to send; to leave, let, release, let go name
jat name
jahăn postpositionapproximately
jăl-jăl smiling
jălăm meadow bank of the Volga
jălăn to ask, beg, request
jălkăš to burn, blaze brightly
jămra willow
jăpšan to lurk, hide
jăt to lift, carrj; hyrăm jăt- to be pregnant
jăvalan to roll
je or; je ... je either ... or
jem-ješĕl verj green
jen side, direction;jenĕpe on its side‘ = on behalf of, on the part of
jeple what sort of, how jepleskerwhat sort of a
jert to lead
jertüşĕ leader; host, announcer (on TV, radio)
ješĕl green
ješer to become green
jevĕr like, similar
jevĕrle immitate
jĕkel acorn
jĕm pants
jĕnercĕk saddle
jĕp needle
jĕp-jĕpe soaking wet
jĕpe wet
jĕpen to become wet
jĕpet to wet
jĕr I line, strip, trace, track
jĕr II to weep, cry
jĕrke order, row, regulation
jĕrkele to line up, bring to order; organize
jĕrkellĕ normal, regular, orderly
jĕven rein
jyšăn to appropriate, take over, occupy, accept
jytă dog
jyvăr heavy, difficult
jyvărlăhdifficulties
jyvăş tree
jul to remain
julaški last, final; remaining
jultaš comrade, fellow
jultašlăhcomradešip, fellowšip
jul" (Russ.) Julysyn. Ută
juman oak
jumanlăh oak grove
jumah tale, fairy tale, parable, riddle
jumăş sorcerer, fortune-teller, soothsayer, faith healer, šaman
jun blood
jun" (Russ.) Junesyn. şĕrtme
junkunWednesday
jupa pole, column
jur snow
jurat to love, like
juratu love
jură song
jurla to sing
jut strange, foreign
juh to flow (of liquids, rivers)
juhanšyv river
jünĕ ceap, inexpensive
jünel to ceapen
nacar bad
nagradăla (Russ.) to award, decorate
nakidka (Russ.) cloak
namăs šame
namăssăršameless, dišonorable
namăslan to be ašamed
Narspi Narspi, proper name; name of a beautiful Cuvaš maiden in the famous poem Narspi by
Konstantin Ivanov
nauka (Russ.) science
najan lazy
ni negative particle, no, not; nikam tano one; nimĕn tenothing; nimĕn cuhlĕ te seldom;nimĕnle
te no way;nimĕsker tenothing of the sort;nişta nowhere, to nowhere; nihăšĕno one; nijeple te
nothing
nim, nimĕnnothing, no sort of;nimĕn ĕş te no sort of work, no work at all
nikĕs basis, fundamental
nojabr‘ (Russ. ) November syn. Cük
nu (Russ.) now, weil, then
numaj manj, muc; nummajccen for a long time, muc, a great deal
nürĕ damp, moist
-pa with, at, in the company of, together with, etc.;palabeing in company with and, along; -
palanpostpositionfor (plus instrumental case)
pallă sign, caracteristic, mark; famous, reknown, known;pallă jacĕadjective
padezh (Russ.) case (grammatical)
pakša squirrel
palla to know, recognize; pallaš- to know one another, to be acquainted
paha dear, valuable; good, fine
pahca garden
paj part, unit
pajla divide
pajlan to be parted; divided
pajan today; now
pajărka bundle, šeaf; rays
pajtah enough, rather, quite; pajtacen for a long time
pancen šortened colloq. ofpatĕncen from sb"s place, from the location of something
panulmi apple
par to give, present
parankă potatoessyn. şĕr ulmi
parappan (Russ.) drum
parămtransgressions, debts; obligation
parta \`part:ă\ (Russ.) student‘s desk
parti \`part:i\ (Russ.) party (political)
paru dative case; tax
pasar bazaar, fair, market
paşărtanpa for a long time, since long
pat postpositionside, towards;patne to its side, to, towards, e. g. ‚un patne towards him, to
him;patĕncenfrom the side, from beside;pirĕn patra(pirĕn patămărta) at our place, at the side of us
patša ruler, king, paša, padišah, tsar;patšalăhstate, kingdom
pattăr brave, courageous; hero, epic hero,pattărrănheroically, bravely;
pattărla heroically
pavuska (Russ.) cart, wagon
păca only in the phrase aca-păca“cildren“
păr I ice
păr II to turn, wind, bend, bore;părăn to turn oneself
părah to throw
părahut (Russ.) steamšip
părăş pepper;sară părăş "yellow pepper" = mustard
părkăcă šaft-poles of a cart or wagon
părtak a little, some, a bit
păs steam; păslanto steam, rise up in mist
păh to watc, observe; wait, await; take care of
pedagogika(Russ.) pedagogy, teacing methods, education
pek suc, suc a, like;şavăn pek like this, suc a; şakăn peklike this, suc a
-pele same as -pala
pepke baby, infant
per to šoot, throw
pereketabundance, excess, savings
pĕccen alone
pĕcĕk small;pĕcĕkşĕ small;pĕcĕkkĕn little by little, gradually
pĕl to know, experience; pĕlterinform, to make known, mean; pĕlüknowledge, things known
pĕlĕt sky, cloud
pĕltĕr last year
pĕr one, a; pĕrpĕrsome, one or another; pĕri one of;pĕrer one eac;pĕr pĕrinpe to one another
pĕrcĕ grain, crop; particle
pĕrle ‘having one‘ = as one, together, e. g. ‚ unpa pĕrle together with him; pĕrleleh instrumental
(case); pĕrleš- to make one, unite, unifj; pĕrleštĕr— to be united
pĕrmaj continually
pĕrpek ‘like one,‘ alike, similar, identical
pĕrre same as pĕr;pĕrre ... tepre now ... now
pĕşer to cook, make boil
pĕt to end, finiš, lose; give out, run out; pĕter to end, use up
pĕtĕlen to become pregnant (about animals)
pĕtĕm all
picce uncle, elder brother
picĕke barrel, tub, vat
picet (Russ. ) press; seal
pilĕk waist
pillĕk, pilĕk five;pilĕkşullăh five-jear plan
pin thousand
pirĕn our (genitive of epir ‘we‘)
pirki postpositionbj means of, on account of
pirvaj first of all
piş to cook, boil;pişnĕ cooked, boiled, ripe; mature, experienced
pit face, side; picĕits side
pitĕ very
pyr I throat
pyr II to go, walk, come, travel
pysăk large, great, big; pysăklat to enlarge, make bigger, grow
pytan to secrete, hide oneself, take refuge; pytar to hide, conceal, secrete (transitive)
plan (Russ.) plan
ploşadka (Russ.) square, court, platform
plug (Russ.) plow
pogranicnik(Russ.) border guard
povest‘ (Russ. ) story, narrative
pojezd, pujăs(Russ.) train
praşnik (Russ.) holiday, vacationsyn. ujav
pravleni (Russ.) direction, management
pravo (Russ.) right, rights, law, justice
predlozheni(Russ.) clause, sentence
predsedatel‘(Russ.) cairman, presiding officer, president
premĕk,pĕremĕk (Russ.) gingerbread
premi (Russ.) prize
produkci (Russ.) production
proliv (Russ.) straits
promyšlennost", promyšlennoş(Russ.) industry
protez (Russ.) prosthesis, artificial limb
pul to be, to become
pulapostposition for, owing to
pulă fiš; pulăşăfišer, fišerman
pulăš to help, aid;pulăšu help, aid, assistance
pulĕ it is possible;pulin "let it be" concessive verb form; pulin tealthough; pulsanconditional verb
form;pulsan taalthough, even if;pultar to cause to be, to be able
puple to speak
puplev speec (the faculty)
pur there is, there are, there exists
purăn to live;purănăş life;purănmalăh to live on
purşăn silk
purccĕ past ofpur: there was, there were
purtă axe
purte all, every, eac
pus to press, step, to puš
pusan = pulsan;pusan ta =pulsan ta
pusmăroppression, force
puş head; beginning
puşĕlĕh pillow, cušion, headrest
puşla to begin
puşlamăš the beginning
puşne postpositionexcept
puşşap to implore, beg
puştar to collect, gather
puš Marc
pušă empty, vacant; pušan to empty oneself, unload oneself;puš-hir desert, desolate place
put to sink
putăk valley, ravine
putek joung ewe, lamb
put‘eh probablj, indeed
puh to assemble, gather (transitive);puhăn to assemble, to come together in a
gathering;puhumeeting
pujan ric, wealthy, ric man; pujanlăhwealth, ricness
pülĕm room
Pülĕh a sort of god or spirit
pürne finger
pürt house, residence, living room (usuallj, the central heated room of a small but, as opposed to an
entire dwelling or house)
ta and, or
ta particle makes interrogatives indefinite
tabak (Russ.) tobacco
takam someone, anjone
taka ram
takăr even, flat
talăk day (a period of twenty-four hours; night and daj), a cicle
tan-tan-tanonomatopoetic word
tan even
tanlaštar to compare
tapran to move oneseif
tar I sweat
tar II to flee
taran postpositionup to
tarăn deep;tarănăš deepness, depth
tarla to sweat
tarşă servant
tasa clean; tasal to clean oneself tasatto clean;tasalăhcleanliness
taşta somewhere;taştalla to somewhere
tašă dance; tašlato dance
tat to rip, pluck, snap, tear; pick(flowers, etc.)
tata and, still yet;tatah again, moreover, too
tatăk piece; ripped, torn
tavar goods, wares
tavăr to turn around; to take revenge; tavrăn to return;tavărăn- to come back, return
tavlaš to quarrel
tavlăk See talăk
tavra postposition: around
tavşăr to perceive, understand, presume
tavşărullăingenious
tahăşĕ someone
tahăşan sometime
taj to weigh
tăk to pour, to inflict (a loss)
tătăh widow, widower
tăn consciousness
tăpra ground, soil, dust, earth
tăr to stand, be located; to be; to get up
tăran to satiate, eat one‘s fill
tără top, summit, apex
tărăš to try, strive; busy oneself, be industrious, diligent; tărăšnistriving, endeavour
tărat to cause to stand; to move, propose
tărăh postposition: along, by, according to
tări skylark, lark
tărri toppostposition upon, above, on top of
tăs to stretc out to, extend; tăsat to extend
tăšman enemy
tăv see tu
tăvan native indigenous
tăvar salt
tăvattă, tăvată, tăvat four;tăvatkal square, quarter
tăvăl storm, windstorm
tăvu accusative case
tăhăn to put on, to don
tăhărvună, tăhărvunnăninety
tăhhăr, tăhărnine
te I or, indeed (often emphasizes the preceding)
te II to say, to have an opninon
tek onlj, just
telej luck, fortune, happiness
temĕn something, somewhat; temĕn cuhlĕ so muc, so many; temĕnleany, some
sort;temĕskersomeone, a certain one
temişe somewhat
tempek however muc
temtĕrlĕ no small amount, quite a bit, greatlj, verj; not at all
tenkĕ ruble;tenkĕlĕh an amount of rubles, — rubles worth
tepĕr next, other
teple somehow
tepre see pĕrre... tepre...
teri see şav teri
tert need, distress;tertlĕ to be in need, distress
tese in order to, so that
tesen if
tetrad‘ (Russ.) notebook
tevet a Cuvaš native garment, worn by girls to weddings
tehnik (Russ.) tecnician
tehnikum (Russ.) tecnicum, a Rossian higher tecnical scool
tĕl place, spot; tĕl pul- to meet, encounter
tĕlĕk dream
tĕlĕn to be astonišed, surprised, amazed
tĕlĕr to doze, drowse
tĕmeske hillock
tĕnce world
tĕp ground, base, cief, stem, root; tĕplĕn basicallj
tĕpce to question in detail, to examine, survey
tĕrlĕ various, different; tĕrlĕren various, different, variegated
tĕs color, form; pĕr tĕslĕ with one form, identical
tĕš grain, kernel;tĕštyră huşalăhagriculture
tĕtĕm smoke
tĕtre cloud, mist, fog tĕtrellĕ misty, foggy
tĕttĕm dark, darkness
tilĕ fox
timĕr iron (metal);timĕrşĕ smith
tin just, then, only, not until; tin şeşjust now
tinĕs sea
tip to dry out; tipĕdry
tip pyr windpipe
tirpejlĕ orderly, carefully
tisker-kajăkpredator (bird or beast)
tiv to concern, touc, fall to one‘s lot;tivĕşlĕ fitting, proper, obliged
tije to load (a wagon or cart)
tymar root
tyră grain; tyrkas ground-squirrel;tyrpul harvest, crop
tyt to hold, seize, set on, catc; tytănto get ready, to start, be on point of
traktor (Russ.) tractor
trest (Russ.) trust (financial)
trusy (Russ.) underclothes, slips, šorts
tu I mountain
tu (tăv) to do, make, finiš, build; tutar- to have made, produce
tula out, outwards, outside, exterior; tulašĕnci external
tulăh ric, abundant, plentiful
tultar to fill, fulfill
tumalli what is to be done, imminent, at hand
tumlan to dress
tumtir clothes, garments
tuna stalk, stem
tuntikun Monday
tup to find
tupsăm reason, existence, answer, solution
turam piece, bit
turat branc, twig
Tură God, god
turt to pull, draw; to smoke; turtnipulling, drawing, smoking; turtăn to strive pull toward
turtă šaft, pole
tus friend; tuslăh friendšip
tuta lip
tută well, adequatelj, contentedlj, filled
tutăr cloth, šawl, kercief
tuh to go out, come out; to rise (of the sun)
tuhtăr (Russ.) doctor
tuhu ablative case
tuj to feel, notice
tuja stick, staff, pole
tüle to pay
tülev pay
tüpe rooftop, ceiling, summit
türem even, smooth
tüs to stand, endure
vak small; vakla to make small;vaklan to break up into small pieces, to cop up
vak-kuşĕ ice-hole
valli postpositionfor, for the sake of
Van‘uk proper name Johnny (from Ivan ‘John‘)
var valley, center, midst
vara since, after, indeed, so thus, so that
vaska to hurrj, hasten; vaskat- to drive
vată old, oldster
văkăr ox, bull
văl he, še, it, that
vălta fišhook
văran to wake up, waken; vărat to wake
vără seed; bandit
vărăm long
vărlăh seed, grain
vărman forest
vărş to fight, quarrel, war; vărşă war
vărttăn secretly
văta middle, center; vătalăhmiddle; vătamcentral, average
vătăr thirty
văhăt time, instance
văj strength; văjlăstrong
văjă games, dances and singing
vĕltlet to flaš, zip, whiz (past);vĕltĕrtet flutter, flaš, hover
vĕren rope, line
vĕren to study, learn; vĕrenekendisciple, student;vĕrenüstudies; vĕrent to teac; vĕrentekenteacer
vĕri hot, heat
vĕr-şĕnĕ brand-new
vĕsem they (plural of văl); vĕsen their
vĕş I end; vĕşe-hĕrri-sĕr "without its end and edge" = infinite
vĕş II to fly;vĕşen-kajăk flying creature, bird
vĕşer to unfasten;vĕşerĕn to unfasten oneseif
vĕtĕ small, tiny
vil to die
vintovkă (Russ.) rifle
vir‘jal upper dialect of Cuvaš
viş to measure
viş, vişĕ, vişşĕthree; vişşĕn three together, three at a time
vit to cover; vitĕnto cover oneseif
vitĕr postposition: through
vitre (Russ. ) pail, bucket
vyljăh livestock
vylja- to plaj
vyr to reap
vyrăn place, spot,; bed; vyrnaş to be located, situated;virnaştar- to settle
(transitive); vyrăn(padezhĕ) locative case
vyrăs Russian
vyrsarnikunSunday
vyrt to lie
vystavka (Russ.) exposition, fair syn.kurav
vyş to be hungrj;vyşă hungry
vyşlăh nounstarvation
vyşlăh adj. greedy
vlast" (Russ.) authority
vula to read; vulakan reader, one who reads;vulakanreading;vulattar to make read, to have read
vun, vună, vunnăten
vut fire
vută firewood
vutăš water sprite