KINDS OF FERTILZER

Organic and Inorganic Sources :   Fertilizers  may  be  divided  into  two  broad  groups: 1. organic,
and 2. inorganic,  or chemical.

An organic fertilizer is derived from a living plant or animal  source.   Nitrogen in an organic fertilizer
is slow in becoming available for plant use because the organic nitrogen (NH2) must be reduced by micro-
organisms to ammonium (NH4) or nitrate  (NO3).

Chemical  fertilizers are either mixed  or  manufactured and  have  the advantage of low  cost.  
Consequently, most fertilizers  used  today are from  chemical  sources.   Urea is about 45 percent  N, a
concentration which makes it a very economical source.   In moist media at a temperature above 60
degrees F.

Slow Release Fertilizers: Slow  release  fertilizers  may be either  inorganic  or organic.   They are
characterized by a slow rate of release, long residual,  low burn potential, low water solubility and they
cost more than water soluble fertilizer.

TYPES:

Sodium Nitrates- are also known as Chilates or Chilean nitrate. The Nitrogen contained in Sodium Nitrate
is refined and amounts to 16%. This means that the Nitrogen is immediately available to plants and as
such is a valuable source of Ammonium Sulphate

Ammonium Sulphate-This fertilizer type comes in a white crystalline salt form, containing 20 to 21%
ammonia cal nitrogen. It is easy to handle and it stores well under dry conditions. However, during the
rainy season, it sometimes, forms lumps.

Ammonium Nitrate-This fertilizer type also comes in white crystalline salts. Ammonium Nitrate salts
contains 33 to 35% nitrogen, of which half is nitrate nitrogen and the other half in the ammonium form.

Ammonium Sulphate Nitrate-This fertilizer type is available as a mixture of ammonium nitrate and
ammonium sulphate and is recognizable as a white crystal or as dirty-white granules.

Ammonium Chloride-This fertilizer type comes in a white crystalline compound, which contains a good
physical condition and 26% ammoniac nitrogen.

Urea-This type of fertilizer usually is available to the public in a white, crystalline, organic form. It is a
highly concentrated nitrogenous fertilizer and fairly hygroscopic

Ammonia-This fertilizer type is a gas that is made up of about 80% of nitrogen and comes in a liquid
form as well because under the right conditions regarding temperature and pressure,

Organic Nitrogenous Fertilizers-Organic Nitrogenous fertilizer is the type of fertilizer that includes plant
and animal by-products.
KINDS OF INORGANIC FERTILIZER:

1. Urea
2. DAP
3. MOP
4. SSP
5. Adhor (NPK with Micronutrient)
 ORGANIC:

1. Dhartikhol

2. Godrej Vikas Neem

3. Godrej Vikas (Special)

4. Adhor Organic Manure

5. Mahalaxmi Organic Manure

6. Neemshield

BIO:

1. Neemaphos

2. Azotobacter

3. Azospirillum

4. Rhizobium

METHODS:

SOLID FORM:

Placement

Inserting or drilling or placing the fertilizer below the soil surface by means of any tool or implement at desired
depth to supply plant nutrients to crop before sowing or in the standing crop is called placement.

Broadcast

This method refers to the uniform application of fertilizers across the entire soil surface. This may be done before
the land is ploughed, immediately before planting, or while the crop is standing.

LIQUID FORM:

Foliar Application

This refers to the spraying on leaves of growing plants with suitable fertilizer solutions.

Starter Solutions

The use of liquid fertilizers as a means of fertilization has assumed considerable importance in foreign countries.
Solutions of fertilizers, generally consisting of N, P2O5, K2O in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 : 2 are applied to
young vegetable plants at the time of transplanting.

Application through irrigation water

 Fertilizers are allowed to dissolve in the irrigation stream. The nutrients are thus carried into the soil in solution.

Application Timing

Fertilizer should be applied when plants need it, when it will be most effective, and when plants can readily take it
up. Late summer and early fall fertilization may stimulate new growth that is not winter hardy, and summer
drought may interfere with nutrient uptake, but spring, fall, and winter applications are acceptable. A split
application may be beneficial, applying half the yearly rate in early spring and the rest in the fall as or after plants
go dormant. If water is unavailable, do not fertilize at all - plants will be unable to absorb the nutrients