CLICK ON 3 ¥ WORKBOOK Student's Virginia Evans - Neil O'Sullivan SN Express PublishingContents Busy Days eee eee eee What a Story. (On the Move .... Out and About .. Tasty Treats . Al Work and No Play Nature's Warning . One Good Turn Deserves Another ssvaesststnssiseststsertstrtstrtet ‘A Healthy Mind in a Healthy Body .... (Our Changing World Click on Grammar UNIT 1 Present Simple, Adverbs of Frequency, Present Continuous, Relatives, Relative Clauses, Like - As UNIT 2 Past Simple, Past Continuous, Personal Pronouns, Possessives, The Possessive Case UNIT 3 Present Perfect, Ever ~ Never, Already - Yet - Just, For - Since, Present Perfect Continuous, Prepositions of Movement... UNIT 4 — Comparatives, Superlatives, Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous, Clauses of Purpose UNIT 5 Countable / Uncountable Nouns, Will - Going to, Reflexive Pronouns, Conditionals Type 0 and Type 1, Result Clauses ..s.crusenreene UNIT 6 Infinitive - ing Form, Modal Verbs, Tenses of the Infinitive, Must ~ Can’ [ossumptions) ... seeeitneeneessen UNIT 7 The Passive, Shall - Will/Would UNIT 8 — Question Tags, Short questions, Reported Speech, Could - Was able to UNIT 9 Reported Questions, the Imperative, Reporting the Imperative, Exclamations UNIT 10 Conditionals Type 2 and Type 3, Wishes, So ~ Neither - Nor - None - Either ~ AID acscnseanenensee Irregular Verbs... Progress Tests... 10 16 22 28 34 42 48 54 60 66 72 78 84 90 98 106 12 118 122 128 129f __ mal Busy Days Vocabulary ] 0} Look at the pictures. Use the suffixes -er, -of,-ian, -r,-istto write each person's job. conduct, biology a 6 manage ing b) Use the prompts below fo say what each person does. © conduct an orchestra * catty out scientific research © play musical instruments * investigate crimes © run an office «© perform tricks © take pictures '* make bread and cakes c} Which of these people work outdoors/ indoors/both? Which jobs are well-paid? Which involve travelling? 2. a} Match the jobs tothe qualities. Then make sentences, as in the example, giving reasons for your choice. You can use your own ideas. Joss (QUALITIES nurse pholographer alive actress. * cccurate police officer * brave accountant * enletaining clown * observant scientist * patient teacher * confident dentist * polite secretary * energetic shop assistant * caring fief ghter A nurse has to be caring because she treats sick people. b) Which of the above jobs would you choose to do? Why? Use the prompts as well as your own ideas. « highlypaid * (not) wellpaid * parkiime * fulltime * regular houts ® interesting * satisfying | think | would like to be a teacher. I's nice to work with children and | am patient. Teachers are wellpaid and they work regular hours. | think it's an interesting job. 3. Circle the correct response. 1A: Shall | apply for the job? B: a Why no!? b Wish me luck 2A: See you, then B: a See you b I bet 3. A: Is the job sill available? 8: a When? b Oh, yes,4. A; How long does it take you fo get to school? B: a Oh, i's not for b About fifieen minutes 5. A: Con you speak any foreign languages? B: a | speck German. b But I don’t have much experience. 6 A: Do you work long hours? B: a Yes. | often do overtime at weekends, b I'm doing overtime. A, You work as a manager and have to interview somebody who has applied for a secretarial post. Use the prompts below to ask questions, as in the example. * experience © skils © fully qualified ‘* married overtime Have you got experience as a secretary? 5 Fill in the correct word. * shift © suspect pattol # quality * licence # worth 1 In busy city centres policemen are on all day. 2. The new Stephen King novel is well reading 3A driving instructor requires on instructor's to work 4 CDs offer high sound 5 Kale had to work night all week. 6 The police arrested an armed yesterday evening 6 Choose the correct word to fill in the sentences. 1 * harm * hurt «Be careful with thot knife! | don’t want you to yourself b Drinking o small amount of coffee won't do you any 2 * work # job @ I've got a lot of b Tony has got a new to do this morning 3 * worth # value a This necklace is almost £1,000. b | don’t know the exact of his vase. 4 © hear listen 4. Sshl | want to to this news report. b Speak up! | can't you Complete the sentences with two to four words, including the word in bold. 1 Will you check my homework quickly ond tel ime if I've made any mistakes? look Will you cond tell me if I've made any mistakes? 2. My neighbour takes care of my cat when I'm on holiday. afer My neighbour when I'm on holiday. 3. IF don't know a word, | find it in the dictionary. up IF don't know a word, | a in the dictionary. 4 The detective is investigating the crime. looking The detective is crime 5. Will you help me try to find my keys? look Will you help me keys? 8 Which of the following best describes your teacher/boss? Give reasons, as in the exampl * potient # understanding creative * knowledgeable ® confident # dedicated Our teacher always helps us with our questions because she’s very patient. Q You are interviewing a telephone operator. Use who, when, how often, how much, what, where, what time, etc to ask him as many questions as possible, as in the example, about: his daily activities © his work (pros & con! qualities needed) * his family is wages What time do you usually get up? 10 Give five words/phrases to describe each of the followin job qualities - daily routines -11. Replace the words in bold with their synonyms from the list. * ordinary © creative * welhmannered ® brave sad 1 Steven is very polite. He is never ude to anyone 2 This film is really depressing, | can't stop crying 3. Cheryl writes wonderful stories. She's very imaginative. 4 Having cold is quite common. I's nothing to worry bout. 5 | think firefighters are extremely daring, Grammar 12 Fill in: do, does, is, are, have, has. 1 Steve work as o barber? 2 Jane got a lot of work at the office; hat’s why she's doing overtime, 3 ‘Andy and Bob going on o skiing trip next month? 4 Jason and Lavra my problems 5 you got experience as a ski instructor? 6 Jennifer looking afier my plants while I'm away. 7 holrdressers have to work long hours? 8 think you fully qualified for this job. too busy to listen to 13.) Which of these do you do every day? Make sentences about you and your fami using adverbs of frequency, as in the example. 3 do the weshing up «# walk to school/work @ joke the bus/train 10 school/work © woter the plonis | moke lunch/dinner «watch TV « listen to music + do the shopping * ploy football /tennis ‘My mum usually does the washing-up, but | never do, My dad sometimes does if, too. b) What are you/your family doing now? 14 Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous. 1A {you/study} tonight? B: Yes, | {want} 10 do well in my finals, 2h {Sue and Alan/work] long hours? B: Not really, but they often {do} overtime, 3A UWulie/meet) us for lunch? B: I'm not sure. {not/think) so, 4A: What time tthe train/leaye) for Manchester? B: At half past five 5 A: What (Mark/do]? B: He (be) o milkman. He (deliver) milk. 4 6 A: Where Uohn/stay]? A B: Today? AV the Milton Hotel. 15 Use adverbs of frequency to talk about \ yourself. How often do you: clean your room? watch the news? travel? play computer games? go to the cinema/theatre? play golf? go fo the gym? cook your own food? 16 Fill in: who, which, whose or where. 1 A mechanic is @ person cars 2 Jonet is the girl 3. George works for 0 company manufactures cars 4 Whot’s the name of the cctress husbond is Brod Pi? 5. That's the shop 6 Laure met a man 7 That's he hospital works. 8 Can you give me the book is on the top shelf? 9 The man lives next door is a singer 10 A lawn mower is @ machine we use fo cut gross repairs brother is a vet. | buy my clothes. owns a café. my father — | 7 Use who, which, whose, where to give definitions for the following: * library # basket # glosses supermarket * bicycle « lifeguard © teReading 18 9) Look at the pictures below and the title of the article in Ex. 19a. What do you think it , is about? n b) Have you ever seen any of the animals in the pictures below? When? Where? Are 2 there any parks for fo} country? ? °. te 2 ¢) Guessing game. Can your classmates guess which animal you're describing? Use words from the table below to describe the animals in the picture, or any other animals you can think of. 19 a) Read the article and choose the most suitable heading from the list (AE) for each port (1-4). There is one heading that you do not need to use. Discover the world Meet the animals Feeding time for humons Getting around Wild creatures moOw> peASTonished! piscover’2 600 enimals’aio'some of the widest creatures on cart at Whips 1 Eiglore te park your fari Tour BUS < CS m Des, peat imo aboard te Great hist Fall ‘star animals, eenhanls ane rhinos ee a sian ani ‘Enjoyiour cute new arivals, the ‘Siberian Wider write mino cal. Take some 4) enans’ oft om their parent's beck and 6) marvel as she Te meet bur tiendy animals at the) fu inthe Run Wid Adverure flayground. They can also fest their skills ~ can they i ae ue nib ike a chirip oF 7) charge lke a thin? 3 Visit he Discovery Centre and wander ‘through deserts, all the oceans and searen rainforests for crocodiles, “snakes and tarantulas. Imagine: you are. in, Asia a8) tNe ants pass 6) on-thelr8) sll around the ark ream. iCaie inthe Artafti: while you Watch the-oenguls BeN0. tad) or.jn Sunny Galifornia-as the'sea {ions splast around. in * ‘hale pool. sis He ; Ping Toowout Cate wit + eax Me OA on HETUaKe oF nthe Lo | simeal or a spank Have @ peniecontopot Mount Whipsnade afiwaich visit thelr favourite watering hole ‘Come-to Whipsnadé and ‘propare to beastonish carnivore | big, small, | body, ears, | herbivore | heavy, legs, claws, | bird sharp, long,| beak, arms, : mammal | endangered | thin, thick, | scales, fur, reptile | species short, feathers, insect colourful, | wings, head, wild animal | dark, bright, | teeth, tail, | strong neck A: It is @ mammal and @ herbivore. It has got long arms and dark fur. B: Is ita chimp? A: Yes, that's right. ... ele cand match the ‘words in bold to their synonyms below. LIwalk in o slow, relaxed way [BJ be at the same height os [CLI photos, snapshots [Diving in the sunshine [EL express your wonder/admiration ‘avel through on a steam train [ELI wondering oround freely [HL attackCommunication {job interview) 20 4) Fill in: what (x2, why, when. ‘As Well, Mrs Simpson, 1) want to work for Toyne Trading? B: Because its a large company which offers good career opporiurilies do you A: | see. 2} experience do you have in soles? B: | havé three years’ experience as « sales assistant. A: 3)... would you be able to siar! work? B: Any time after 1st July. A: Good. Do you have any questions? B: Yes. Could you tell me 4) the solary is? i's £1,500 0 month That sounds fine. Thank you ee b) Now use the prompts fo act out similar § dialogues. INTERVIEWEE What qualities/required? How much/be earning? ‘What/working hours/like? need/work overtime? INTERVIEWER, Why/work for us? married/single? ‘What experience? When/start work? Listening 21 CG You will hear a man, Mike, and a woman, Kate, talking about work. For statements 1-6 tick (/) Yes ifthe statement is true and No if it is false. Yes No 1 Mike doesn't think being a vel is rewarding at all oo 2 Farmers sometimes call Mike unnecessarily. oo 3. Zoo animals ore difficult to work with when they're il oa 4 Kote iso trainee vet. oo 5. The farmers know more about conimals than Mike. og 6 Kate iso bit jealous of Mike. =. OO Writing (an informal letter talking about your job) '). 0) Read the letter below and fill in the gaps {A-E) with the topic sentences (1-5). 1 My daily coutine is quite different now! 2 I really like my job! 3. I'd beller go now. 4 Hil How's everything going? 5 Being an estate agent is quite difficult Dear Amy, [AL] thought I’d drop you a line to tell you I’ve got a brilliant new job. I'm working as an estate agent for a large firm. The people are friendly and really enjoy the work. get up at seven o'clock because | have to be at work by 8:30. It’s not easy, I can tell you! In the mornings, | work in the office. 1 make appointments, talk to customers and write reports about the houses that people want to sell. | prefer the afternoons, though, because then | take people to see houses. | usually finish work at five o'clock, but | sometimes work extra hours at weekends. | don’t mind, because it’s an interesting job. I have to be very persuasive to make people interested in buying the house and | need to be confident to speak to people | don't know. It's certainly not a job for shy people! | also have to be quite organised and punctual and make sure | meet customers on time. {DLJ it’s great to be able to find the perfect house for customers, and the look on people's faces when | they find their dream home makes me really happy. [ELJI hope you can visit me soon. I look forward _ to hearing all your news. Write soon! Love, ‘Tracey j b) Now read the letter again and answer the questions below. 1 In which paragraph does the sender siaie her reason for writing? What isthe reason for writing? 2 How many paragraphs doss the main body consist of? What is each paragraph about? 3. Whot tense is used to describe the writers job routine?23 Which of the phrases below are opening remarks (OR) and which are closing remarks (CR]? Mark them, as in the example. Which of them could you use to replace the phrases in bold in the letter in Ex. 220? Well, 'd beter go and do some work. CR gis OR ‘om you Hil How are you? Sorry | haven't written for so long but I've been very busy Well, that's all my news Write back soon. Diop me a line ond tell me all your news. Vm watiting to tell you I hope you're well Sorry | haven't wrillen sooner, but When we write « lta a fiend teling him/her about out job we can divide it into five paragraphs. We start with Dear + our friend's first name. In the introduction, we write our opering remarks and the reasonls) for writing. In the second paragraph, we describe our job rouine using the simple present lense, In the third paragraph, we wile cbout the qualiies that ore needed for this job. In the fouth paragraph, we wile about our feelings |e. what we Ike/don' ke about our job]. In the conchsion, we write cour closing remarks and we sign off our leter with love,/Yours,/Best wishes, /ac + our fist nome, Note: In friendly letters we normally write in on informal style by using © everyday vocabulary (e.g. / can’t wail} * colloquial expressions/idioms (e.g. drop me a line} © ph © short forms (e.g. The reason I'm writ | can't wait to hear get up| Im ol 24 Use the prompts below to describe a ski instructor's job routine. 25 Match the qualities (1-3) needed to be a good ski instructor to the reasons (a-c}, then make sentences, as in the example. (11 patient ©. spend all day skiing [21 ‘esponsible —-b teach people a new skill fi & make sure that there are no accidents 1-b You need to be patient fo teach people a new skil Here are some things that a ski instructor likes or dislikes about his/her pe . ( @ teach padple how to ski @& ~ « the looks on their faces when they ski down the slope for the first time © ® people who think they know wverything ¢ Now use the phrases in the boxes below to make sentences, as in the example. Goistikes — (What | hate (i) | (What) | can’t stand (is) | ke (+ ing) .. |— What | like most is ... | The best thing is .. = Unfortunately, | like teaching people how to ski 7 You have found a job as a ski instructor at a ski resort. Write leter to fiend describing your jab routine, the qualities needed for this job ond your feelings about it (150-180 words) Use the plan below and the ideas in Exs. 23- 26 to write your letter. You can also use the letter in Ex. 22a as a model. Introduction [Para 1) Main Body {Para 2] {Para 3} {Para 4} opening remarks /reasonsfs for wating describe job routine quolies needed feelings about the job ‘Conclusion (Para 5) closing remarksVocabulary _ What a Story! 1 a) Match the pictures to the newspaper headings, then fill in the A ‘Two people lost al se0 ate mysterious ——— Se ane Mary left homeless Terrifying cfter hits coast Cc ‘Damaged rail tracks result in terrible | | b) Talk about the newspaper headlines, as in the example. ing words, Road collapses when strikes ‘caused by pilot losing control D Careless smoking causes disastrous in apartment buling last weekend hwo people were lost at sea afer @ mysterious shipwreck 2. Choose the correct word to fill in the sentences, then say what is being described in each sentence, as in the example. 1 # shook ® collapsed © struck When it struck at 5 pm, the ground shook and mony buildings collapsed. |= earthquake) 2 * roofs * lightning * winds Extremely strong blew off the of several houses and ot least two peosle were struck by 3 * alarm # house ® broken into When our was ihe ... immediately went off 4 © drowned # burst © rains Heavy caused the rivers to their banks and mony people 5 # gun ® witness # cashier One said 0 man carrying @ told the to give him all the money. 6 * cought # smoke * bomb As soon as the went off, the whole building ... fire and. thick filled the cit, 3. Have you ever felt relieved? shocked? proud? embarrassed? awful? frightened? exhausted? Use these adjectives with the prompts below to ask and answer questions, 4s in the example. * broke best friend's camera ® car stolen * travelled all night on a boat * passed all my exams ¢ lighls went out during storm * rescued child from drowning * fell asleep duting @ lesson Have you ever felt relieved? Yes, | have. When? When I passed all my exams. 2 hod A. Circle the correct response. 1A: There was @ burglary in our neighbourhood last night B: a Just now. b Oh, my goodness! 2 A: They've finally caught the escaped prisoner. B: a Well, that’s a reliet! b What is it?3. A: Thanks for calling us. 2 Why hos Luke ended his relationship with B: a You're welcome, Mary? ad b Oh, nol up Why has luke cesses Mary? 4 A: Did you hear the news? Ted's house burnt 3 When | fainted, Tom helped me regain down, consciousness by giving me e glass of water. B: a What's wrong? brought When | fainted, Tom and b What caused it? .... by giving me a glass of water. 5 A: We almost drowned in a boating accident © 4 Why don't you mention the subject during the yesterday, meeting? the B: a Wel, ot least you'te safe now. bring Why don't you vast b I can see. veces duting the meeting? 5 The council would like to introduce changes to 5.) Match the words in column A to the the parking laws. words in column B. about The council would lke : ebicsussssisseses 10 the parking lows. 1 laugh with a fire Grammar 2 come to b in horror 3 gve eee 7 Complete the text with the past simple of the 4 freeze din fright verbs in the list, 5 lose e anend 6 climb f relief 7 travel control ole 8 cotch h cboard 9 jump i a warm welcome b} Now use the phrases to complete the sentences below. There are three phrases you do not need to use. = ‘leave ® travel © a 1 The rescue team helped the shipwreck victims ‘* see ¢ decide * hear ¢ find * teach Oe eis One doy, 0 young Bedovin man called Al wy is theaurvivors nee -. that faders were coming to his 3. INis very easy for motorcyclists to foun, He 2) Se eae aaa Which 8) rose Spi6@s Geross the Sahara, 4 The crowd hoped the thunderstorm would Se ee gacueear cas a 5) sonra fim not fo leove, But Al 5. The loud noise made the children ....... re eee eee eee 6 One of my biggest dreams when | was young 71 svurnin, by camel and Bl sninnnnns was fo eautful towns. The traders 9) ..ssesusstseees him / everything about the desert. The following year, Ali fil dele wateecer it te eet cn 10) into his mother's kitche canes carrying gifs ond exotic spices 6 Complete each sentence with two to four Underline the correct item. od words, including the word in bold. 1 Yesterday, | got up/was getting up early and 1 When Sue heard the news about the accident cought/was catching the bus she lost control and started crying. 2 The team wos still raining/still trained forthe broke When Sue heard the news about the match ot 8 o'clock in the evening accident 3. Dovid was chatting/chatted on the phone while and started crying | was trying/tried to get through. ll4 Joanna read/was reading o book when her brother started/was starting playing the electric guitr 5. He was climbing/climbed Mount Everest in 1967. 6 The rocket was landing/landed on Mars and the astronauts were collecting/collected mineral samples. 7 My grandmother planted/was planting roses in the garden while \ pulled/was pulling out the weeds. 8 | received/was receiving Peter's leer last week Use the prompts to say what the people were doing at 6 o'clock last Sunday, as in the example. John’s dad7paini7 door of the cottage 3. Samantha/teach/ »\ 4 Mike's grondfather/ dog/new ticks eae?) rake/leaves ) 1 A: What were the girls doing at 6 o'clock last Sunday? B: They were eating watermelon. 10 Look at the note John’s boss left for him, then ask and answer questions, as in the example. John, Can you please do the following before | get back to the office? ‘fax the reports to Tokyo ‘© arrange business lunch with Mr Adams #7 © type letters X * cancel 2 pm meeting X * book tickets to Warsaw 7 * pick up clothes from dry cleaner’s X Thonks, Ms lipton ‘A: Did John fax the reports to Tokyo? B: Yes, he did. 1] Read the exiract and use when, where, what, why to ask and answer questions, as in the example. Ten-yearold Bobby Marcus from Surrey was thrown olf his bicycle on Friday night. He was riding along West Terrace when a car hit him. The driver said that he didn’t see him because of the thick fog Fortunately, he young boy escaped serious injury. A: When was Bobby Morcus riding his bicycle? B: On Friday night. 12 4] Use the adjectives in the list to describe the pictures, as in the example. * green. * black *ecther © round © proud sed ¢ ble * large js delicious '@ white © beautiful brown ¢\cosual + Yoogen * colon 5 W's @ proud black eagle with a white head and chest b) Guessing Game. Look around you and choose an item to describe. Can your classmates guess what you're describing? A: It's brown and it’s made of leather. B: Is ita schoolbag? Yes, itis. 13 Underline the correct item. 1 My mother checked to see if everything was switched off before/while we left. 2 The fans were having o good time at the concert while/until the storm began 3 Everyone left the campsite when/while they heard about the bush fires. 4 Alter/While the play, the audience gave the leading actess a bouquet of flowers. 5. You should ohvays brush your teeth while/before going to bed. © My friends and | sometimes gous for pizzo after/until school. 8 Pol 7 | chways listen to music while/untl I'm ironing the clad een rniea =a So | Reading A) Look at the pictures and the title and try to RGMGIeey cite waa the correct order. cece wevssin omeee — HOliday of 0 Lifetime! i they couidn' believe thei lck, They flew to Mapu, vahere they met their Afican guide, Sisa. Siso drove them in his jeep to the green banks of the great 3 Limpopo River. They cimbed into a small wooden canoe and began on adventure they would never forget The cance glided slenly through the Limpopo's slow. . moving water Relaxing, Chris nd Lizzie looked at all c \ the ineresting riverside plants and trees, and the Colourul birds which flew across the river. They felt Ike A C great explorers in an unknown land. Just then, an enormous grey crocodile sihered down the muddy bank ond slid into the water. The faint Pa oa splosh mode lizzie jump. "Don't worry, lizzie," Sisa E ‘hid, "Thete ore plenty of crocodiles around, but they ‘re not a danger fo vs." Bul lizzie was right to feel enous; o minute later they noticed not one, but at least ten other crocodiles swimming towards the canoe! Plunging his oar into the water, Siso quickly began rowing the canoe oway fom danger ... but the crocodles followed. Chis grabbed the other oar and Slated fo beot the wale furious, rying to scare them ‘ft. The narrow boot rocked dangerously, causing lizzie 1o scream in panic. Suddenly, they were surtounded by ¢ dozen pairs of snapping jaws which of 4 crunched and smashed both oats to pieces. Now . sft there seemed fo be no escapel 7 ‘At that moment, «large fishing boat appeared. / J ad Hearing the terified cries of the people in the canoe, FS wil the boal’s captain realised what was happening, < S” Immediately, he ordered his crew to throw some of the ite fish they had caught that doy back into the ver. } Put the events in'the correct order, then use | wut Smeling the fish, the crocodiles swam lowords the the prompts and the pictures to tell the story. riddle of the river, where a much easier meal was he see ctor fom’ Tronks t te coptans ick [AT The coptain of a fishing boot came to ther i a thinking, Sisa ond his fiends were rescued justin fe. rescue. safely on bord he fing boat, Chis pulled > BT] The crocodiles attacked, so Chris and Sisa var rathel wel postcards from his pocket. Smiling, he soid, tried to keep them away. d *At least we have © story to tell our friends back in [ET] Chris and lizzie met Sisa. jo Englond.” "That's for sure," lizzie replied, “but do you [D[_] They went on a canoe ride. think they'l believe us?” E[_| They were all safe on the fishing boot. are 13Communication (talking about an accident) 15 a) Put the conversation in the right order. How owfull What did you do? L_] Wow! You're a hero! [T]Hit How was your weekend? ‘Oh, nol Did it crash? That was brave of you. How many people were inside the car? Why? What happened? Well, | was driving home from a party when a car went post me, out of control. | didn't think about it. | just did what | had to do. [2 ]It wos certainly exciting | called the ambulance on my mobile, then | ran to the car. There were three people inside. | knew the cor might burst into flames, so | opened the door and pulled them out Yes. It let the road ond hit a telephone pole. b} Imagine you witness the accident in the picture below. Use the questions and the prompts below to act out a similar dialogue. * What happened? * What did you do? # Was anyone injured? © Did you call * bridge/collapse * ran to edge of bridge * ombulance/ traffic police Listening 16S You will hear some people ta Your different situations, For questions 1-4, choose the best answer, A, B or C. 1 Poul is talking about A car crash B a plane cx C c house fire Ch 2 Olivia was grateful to Stephen A because he comforted her B for hs soiling skil C fer not being scared 4 3. How does the woman react to the man’s advice? A graiefully B doubully C ironically 4 How does the woman feel now? A hoppy thot she survived B stil frightened C upset because her house was destroyed Writing (third-person narrative) When we write a story, we begin by seting the scene lice, we vite when ond where the story took ploce, who was involved in the story, what happened fist cand/ot what the weather was like. In the main body [paras 2-4), we develop the story by describing what happened in detail, We wre the events in chronological order. To show the sequence of events we use time words such 0s of fist, then, while, when afer, befor, finally, etc. Inthe last paragraph we end the story by referring to people's feelings, reactions or comments and the consequences of their actions. We con use a variety of adjecives, adverbs ond verbs to moke the story mere infesting. We normally use past tenses in stories. We can use direct speech to make our narration more lively. We can use present ond past potticiples to join two simple sentences into longer, more sophislcated one She opened the window. She saw a stranger ‘approaching. ‘Opening the window, she saw a stranger approaching. She was excited. She set off forthe party Excited, she set off for the party. 17 Fill in the sentences with the past simple of the verbs in the list below, then match them to the pictures in Ex. 18. * go out # see # dig out # reach # begin * follow * meet ® pick «tal A]_] The squirrel ron to the foot of tree and 1) something half buried in the leaves B]_] The next morning, when Rosie 2) her next door neighbour, she 3) him about her adventure in the woods. pla > Rea * conductor © coach station Staion passengers « bus stop * platform cy © driver * comporiment ® derail © coich * fickets * get on/off # tracks miss * geton/off —* luggage —e set off « wait Fo le) (place 9 pce Conor) > ecycle path * Pilot © airport * passengers * departure * flight atiendant lounge ce Coon * helmet * gears * cycle * ride * seatbelt * munway * fy * take off * land © brakes * luggage rack # check in ¢ fasten J always catch the 7:15 train to work. When | get to the station there are a lot of passengers on the platform. ele i * wear You will hear four different speakers place) . talking about problems they have when travelling. For speakers | - 4 choose from the] a) Read the article and label the paragraphs list A - E which statement applies to each (1-5) with the correct headings (AE). speaker. There is one extra statement that | you do not need to us nightlife /restaurants shopping things to see and do comments/recommendation name/location/reason for choosing it A This speaker always thinks she needs more than she acwually does. B This specker doesn't like moking orrangements beforehand moOe> 20TL] Acapulco is « laige town on the southwest coast of Mexico. With is warm climate ond excellent beaches, it is a popular resort and the perfect destination for an unforgettable holiday. 2 [_] Acapulco has several tourist attractions which ‘are worth visiting. Among these is Rockel Island in ‘Acapulco Bay. Touris's can travel lo Rocket Island on a glassbottomed boat and visit the island's small zoo, However, Acapulco's most famous tourist attraction is the amazing show offered at la Quebrada cliffs, where professional divers leap from clif ledges into the rough waiers below. [3 [_] There ore plenty of places to go shopping in ‘Reapukco. There ore large modem shops and small } boutiques. There are also several flea markets where | ‘outils can buy attractive Mexican blankets, jewellery ‘and omaments. [| Nightlife in Acapulco is exciting. There are a lot of music and dance clubs which are extremely popular with young people. The area is also well known for its fashionable restaurants, which offer o variety of dishes from around the world. & [_] Acapulco is a town that has something fo offer E Iris the ideal choice for an exciting break ‘away fom home otra b) Underline the topic sentences in the main body paragraphs. Suggest other appropriate ‘ones. Where could you read this arlicle? ¢} Suggest an appropriate title. When we write an article about a place we can divide it into fve paragraphs. In the induction, we wite the name and location of the place and the reason for choosing it. In the second paragraph we describe the things we can see and do there. Inthe third paragraph we write about where we can go shopping, ond in the fourth paragraph we write about nightife/restouans. In the conclusion, we write our comments/feelings and/or @ recommendation, We normally use present tenses os well os variety of adjecives. iphs 22 Join the sentences below, using the words in bold. 1 Rome is the ideal holiday destination. It has fascinating culture and spectacular monuments (with) 2 Rome has many tourist attractions. They are not to be missed (which) 3 There ore also many shops around Rome There you can buy beautiful souvenirs. (where) 4 Rome has amazing music clubs. They are popular with young people. (which) 23 9) Decide on your country’s most important holiday resort and complete the spidergraph. Then, talk about the place, as in the example. location things to see/do NF nightlife/restaurants shopping Rome is a historic city in central italy. b) Suggest appropriate topic sentences for each paragraph, then use your notes to make supporting sentences. ¢} Choose phrases from the list to recommend the place. * on excellent holiday resort * a visl to remember * a trip not to be missed * a perfect choice/an ideal place for @ holiday ‘a great place for a relaxing break Write an article for an international travel magazine describing your country’s most important holiday resort (120-180 words). Use the plan below and your answers in Ex. 22 and 23 to help you. You can use the article in Ex. 21 as a model. Introduction [Para 1] name, location, reason for choosing it Main Body (Pare 2) [Para 3) [Para 4) Conclusion {Para 5] things to see/do shopping nightlife, restourants feelings/comments and/or recommendationOut and About Vocabulary ] a) Use the words to make true sentences about the places in the pictures. * congested/ciowded sireeis * lrendy shops ‘ancient monuments * picturesque villages * polluted air # green fields © busy shopping cenlies * stressful lifestyle ® fall buildings * exciting nightlife # noisy streets * unspoill countryside * sandy/clean/ deserted beaches Phuket has many sandy, deserted beaches. b) Talk about the place where you live, or a place you've visited. Say where itis, what a visitor can see/do there, where he could stay/eat and what he could buy. a) Write the opposites. City Countryside 1 polluted air clean oir 2 narrow roads 3. modern houses 4 Quiet streets 5. exciting nightlife 6 reloxing lifestyle 22 b) Now use the words in the chart to ¢ compare life in the city and life in the countryside. Where would you rather live? Why? The air in the countryside is cleaner than it is in big cities. 3 Think of your journey to school/work. What do you see on your way there? I catch the 7:15 bus to work. On my way, I see the Town Hall. ‘A. of Match the verbs to the nouns. sunburn flight passport camera oo get b) Have any of the above ever happened to you? What did you do? Ask and answer questions, as in the example. Have you ever lost your passport? Yes, | have. What did you do? I reported it o the police. Circle the correct response. What o picturesque village! B: a Sounds great! b ts lovely, isnt if? {forgot to post the leters B: @ Never mind. b Oh, definitly ‘My uncle's bestfriend is Dustin Hoffman. B: a Whot was it like? b You're joking! ‘Are you angry with John? B: a No, it's true. b Not in the leost. You'll never guess who | met lastnight. 8: a Go on then, tell mel b. What do you mean? I : | haven't seen you for ages. B: a You lucky thing! b ‘I've been busy.hat 6 AlFillin: spoil, springs, trendy, winding, panoramic, cobbled, unspoiled. 1 We won't let the weather cour holiday. 2 We took a long walk through the sheets of Alfamar. 3. The hotel has afn} view of the bay. 4. You will find some of the most countryside in England. The river ran through the village Every year he went to hot to help ease his back pain 7 | think you may find those shoes in one of the shops in lown ow b) Give five reasons why someone should visit your country, as in the example. There are breathtaking views of snow-capped mountains. 7 4) Underline the correct item. 1 | forgot/left my umbrella ot home. 2 You must fasten/tie your seatbelt before driving 3 He couldn't understand/realise what to do 4 Guess/Imagine that you are on a deserted island, 5. Having grown up in the suburbs/cily centre, he was used lo a quiet ifestyle 6 | chose the red dress because | knew it would suit/match your taste, b) Make sentences with the words you didn’t use. 8 While on holiday you lost your passport. Explain to your friend: when and where i happened * what you did * how you found it J Complete the sentences with two to four words, including the word in bold. 1 Saroh has just bought a camera because sho finds photography interesting injerested Sarah has just bough! a camera because . photography. 2. He rejected « job offer in order to finish his studies. tumed He offer in order fo finish his studies. 3 The aciress proved lo be much younger than she looks on TV, tumed The aciress “uch younger than she looks on TV. 4 There was no one on the beach when we arrived, deserted The beach . we arrived 5. The airline lost my suitcase when | flew to Paris, and it orrived in Moscow! tuned The airline lost my suitcase when | flew to Paris, and Moscow! Grammar 10 Match the phrases in the two columns, then make complete sentences, putting the verbs in the correct tense. TIS] Sho/resign 4. the neighbours/ He/tum down the complain music b she/lose/her number [BL] Tom's mother/be . because/she/ yep pred break/hee arm ZT] Suson/not go k ae 8°10 d_he/do/very well at Marian/not call ce Cathy © she/lind better job ‘She resigned because she had found a better job. 11] Look at the table and compare the three department stores. expensive] big [modem | popular Harods |vvv |¥v¥ [vv [ve [Debenhams| / VI WIS) SS libeys [vv |v fv [vv Harrods is the most expensive of the three. Debenhams isn’t as big as Harrods. 2312 Fillin: thon, as, of, less, much. 1 The beach here is crowded the one on the island 2 Shopping here costs depariment store 3. That's the most important exam all 4 This book is just good the one | read last month. 5 The documentary we watched last night was more interesting saw on Monday. 6 That car is we bought than ot a bigger the one we ‘expensive than the one 13. Make true sentences about yourself, using the superlative of the adjectives in the box. below. Talk about: #0 film you've seen * a book you've read * o holel you've stayed ot * o shopping cenlre you've been to © o resloviant you've had dinner at * country you've visited good, bad, expensive, clean, dirty, noisy, ‘amazing, interesting, congested, boring, colourful, isolated, pretty, quiel, modern “The Mask" is the worst film I've ever seen. 14 Think of five things you need to take with you ‘ona hiking holiday. Choose from the list and give reasons why you need them. Use fo, so that, in case. * mosquito repellent * diory * map * walking boois # Tshirt # money belt * passport # compass * camera & film * hat * sunglasses ® tent © sleeping bag * travel alarm « first aid kit Ineed to take mosquito repellent to keep mosquitoes away. 24 15 Join the sentences, as in the example. 1 Ill go out you need us. 2 Susan studied buy some bread, hord '©7T cay goodbye. 3 We'll be here | £2") she will pass her exams: 4 Icalled him }'" ©] he called her. 5. Ann stayed in he could have peace © Mike lived in cond quiet. a cottage 1 I'll go out to buy some bread. 2 3 4 5 6 Communication (reporting lost items} {6 Read the dialogue and complete the questions. Then, in pairs, read the dialogue aloud. ‘A: Good afternoon, madam, How 1) . you? B: I'd like to report a lost credit cord, please. A: Isee. Can 2) , please? B: Of course. Is Diane Peters. ‘A: And when 3) Ms Peters? B: Well, | noticed it was gone yesterday evening ‘A: OK. I'll cancel it ond issue you with a new one. B: Thank you. 4) I receive the new one? ‘A: Ina couple of days. 17 4) You want to travel to Manchester and at the train station. Think about the {questions you will need to ask and answe Use the following phrases to help you. * direct train to ... * Hime * ticket # single or reluin # cos! b) In pairs, act out the dialogue. Begin like this: A: Can | help you? B: Yes, please. Can you tell me if there is 0...ESCeiaYe} 18 (»took atthe notes about Warwick Castle, Celie nueuiieM Suen an cml etatel Ieee see ulate ea ct (Daeeie rere aneateae information in the numbered space. Warwick Caslle - Special Events arwick Castle Photograph Exhibition in Gr M ) { 4 Reading Moos tes Seve cay Lie country do they remind you of? What kind of ters? Soe eee conn 9 CCR Se ae b) Read the article and mark the sentences a T (True) or F (False) 1) ieteerten eet lee ais en PON TS coe 8 Living conditions haven't changed e Tamuoae ose BE 4 You can spend the nights in tent 5 Casablanca is the final destination, e Sahara Caravan It you've ever dreamt of travelling aoross the Sahara desert on 4 camel, you'll be surprised to know that your dream can come true! Traveller's Tales offers a ten-day venture which will allow you to experience the magic and mystery of the Grand Sahara Desert and the novelty of travelling by camel Our journey begins with a flight on a comfortable jet from London Heathrow to Casablanca. After a short stop in that famous city, we fly on to Ouarzazate, a Moroccan town on the edge ofthe Sahara Desert. We will spend the first day exploring the historic sights of Ouarzazate and enjoying the unique Moroccan cuisine, (On the second day, our true adventure begins, as we meet the ‘camels which will carry us safely across the desert, After passing vilages where pedple live almost exactly as they did 1000 years ago, we will join the caravan. We will enjoy the desert sunset and spend the night under the stars, with cool breezes gently blowing ‘through our tents. For the next six days, our camel caravan will ‘ake us across sand dunes, through valleys and into oases where palm trees grow. At night, we will set up camp and dig for water for our camels, then sit around a campfire drinking traditional mint tea under the desert skies, On the elghth day, we will return to Casablanca and enjoy a ‘our of Morocco’s capital city before having a final dinner together A, in our hotel We guarantee that our ten-day journey will be an experience ‘you will ever forget. isnot just a holiday ~i’s a true adventure, Call 01967 382158 to book your caravan adventure. 254 Writing (an assessment report) 4) Read the rubric, then fill in the sentences (1-5) in the report which follows. | Write report assessing the svitability of Courts Hotel for family holidays. Describe the accommodation, the staff, and the “facilities ond services. 1 All stalf have received training in first oid and giving medical attention 2 Childcare assistonis supervise this area every day from 8 am fo 3 pm. 3. The aim of this report is to assess the suitability of Cour'’s Hotel for family holidays 4 | would only recommend this hotel to families with older children 5 Court's Hotel contains 10 familysize rooms which ore extremely spacious To: MF Starr, Manager, B88 lid From: Mis P Terry, Assistont Manager Subject: Cours Hotel Date: 31st March 2001 A Purpose 8 Each room could easily accommodate a family of six and has a small fridge. However, the electrical equipment is not checked regularly and is not fited with sofety locks. c Although they aren't available at all hours of the day, they re polite and friendly and will be happy to resolve any problems that guests may have. D Cout's Hotel hos a play area with various activities. The hole! offers a free babysitling service for children aged 3 years and over. Despite the fact that it also has a children’s swimming pool, there is only one lifeguard, who is not on duty all doy. E On the whole, even though Court's Hotel offers some excellent facilities and activities, it may not appeal to families with very young children b) Now match the subheadings below to the paragraphs (A}. * Purpose + Faciliies/Services * Staff * Recommendation # Accommodation When we write an assessment report we divide it into three paris: he inlroduclion, the moin body and the conclision. In the inlroduction we clearly sioie the purpose of the report. In the main body we present each main lopic in a new paragraph under con appropriate heading. We present the positive and/or negative aspects of each topic in the same paragraph. The number of paragraphs depends on the number of main topics you want to include. In the conclusion we give @ general impression and make ur recommendation. Note: * We always write assessment reports in a formal syle. i.e. fll verb forms, impersonal language, etc) * We noimally use present tenses. We can clso use pos! tenses for reports related 10 pos! evenls. 2] 2} Look at the sentences below and identify which describe positive aspects (P), and which describe negative aspects (N). a The campsite is quite small N b The small swimming pool is suitable for young children © Ihmay not be suitable for fornilies, d_ Hot water is only provided in the The campsite has @ very friendly cotmosphere. The campsite is ideol for people who prefer more peaceful holidays, g_ The small swimming pool is not supervised. h Washing machines are available i. There oFe several showers |, The washing machines are expensiveHers not >the de it ‘and state we nder sitive some son athe b) Now use linking words expressing contrast (although, however, even though) to join each positive point with the matching negative one, and rewrite them below. One has been done for you, as an example. ae Even though the campsite is quite small, ithas a very hriendly atmosphere, ¢) Match the sentences in Ex. 21b to the sub- headings below. * Facilities: * Aimosphere: 7, Look at the advertisement for Hydale ‘Campsite and answer the questions below. iietounlle|Al mae away at the camps Rr els MN eae MUU Molcere I= Ne one What can you do on Friday and Saturday evenings? How much do you have to pay to go dancing? What can you do early in the morning? 4 How old do you have to be to take part in the organised games? The sentences below are written in an inappropriate style. Rewrite them in an appropriate way. 1 I want fo know if Hydole Compsite is suitable for family holidays. 2 The campsite is small, but reolly good 3. As you can see, the campsite is OK for family holidays, 2d, Read the rubric and underline the key words. How many paragraphs are you going to write and why? Write-o report about Hydale Campsite for the editor of “Camper's Guide" tourist magazine, assessing the compsite’s suitability for family holidays. Write your report describing the facilities, activities cand atmosphere of the campsite. 25 Use the plan below and your answers in Exs. 21-23 to write your report. Use the report in Ex, 20a as a model (120-180 words). Plan To | From: . 1) Subject | Date i |) Introduction ; |) (Para 1} state the purpose and content ! | ef your reper | Main Body 1) {Pora 2-4) present the positive and/or | negative aspects in detail under i oppropriate subheadings | Conclusion |) (Finl general assessment and/or | paragraph) opinion/recommendation 2728 Tasty Treats Vocabulary a) Which group do the following foods belong to? Use the words below to complete the table, then add as many examples of these foods as you can. * vegetables * meot, fish ond poultry © fit * dairy producis « fats and sugars 1 mango, a 2 spinach, 3 haddock 5 yogurt b) Ask and answer questions, as in the example, to of the foods above are ;, calcium, protein, fibre, iron and calorie A: Are fruits high in calcium? B: No, they aren't. Fruits are high in vitamins. ) Which of the above foods do you eat: every day? once a week? twice a week? Which of them do you like/not like eating? 2.) Which of the following dishes and desserts are: hot and spicy? sweet? crunchy? creamy? sour? low fat? agete pie Fruit salad an cereal F b) Which of these dishes/desserts do you like/not like eating? Give reasons. | ike eating chicken wings with sauce because they're hot and spicy. Which of the dishes/desserts above would you prepare for: a children’s party? «a dinner for vegetarians? a Sunday lunch for your family? You are preparing a birthday party for your friend. In pairs, decide on the menu, using phrases from the list. #1 think I * Thai would be great © | don't think that Yes, but | think Fl do chicken wings. That would be great. We could also have fried prawns. A: Yes, but John doesn’t like seafood. How about... ete =>Match the products to the sections, then ask ‘ond answer questions, as in the example. > SUPERMARKET SECTION lemonade Beverages Peanuts nd lens refreshments lizzy drinks lent beans I Pulses oa crisps i Pasta spoghett ard cereals grains almonds orange juice Nuts ef rice ong peas | snacks A: Could you please tell me where | can find some lemonade? B: In the Beverages and refreshments section, madam. 5, Match the nouns (1-6) to the adjectives (o-f), then use the prompts to ask and answer, as in the example. 1 bread [Ca] boiled/scrambled 2 cheese [1B] brown /white ij 3 potaloes [le] cooked/raw 4 fish IT] mashed/baked 5 eggs fe] sliced/ grated 2 6 vegetables CH aiilled/tried A: I'd like some bread, please. 8: Brown or white, madam? ¥ A: | think I'll have brown bread, please. 1 for 6 Which of the following can you: grate? fry? our boil? grill? Make sentences, as in the 2 example. * cheese * carols # onions # cabbage * cod * mushrooms * lomaloes * eggs * chicken * fice ® potatoes © turkey ® peas You can grate cheese and carrots. 7 Fill n the blanks with words from the list to make collocations, as in the example. * main * party * cooking ® sirloin # variely * benefits What was the course? Grilled salmon This restaurant has a wide of solads on the menu Really? Does it have Mexican salad? How would you like your Steak, sit? Medium rare, please. How many people ate you inviting to your dinner ». 2 About eight. The nutitional are well known, B: I know. | eat fish at least twice a week. © A: How much cil do I need to fry these potatoes? B: I'd say about two cups PPPs >a >@ of eating fish 4a} Look at the pictures and use words from the list to say what you can see, as in the example. ‘ub © carion * jar # pack * fin # botle # box 1 can see a tub of margarine. b) You want to bake a cake. Make a shopping list ofall the ingredients you need to buy, including the containers that they come in, 1 packer of flour 2930 9 Circle the correct response. 1 A: Would you like cheesecake for dessert? B: @ No, I'd rather have frit salad b I'm afraid | won't. Can you pass the sal, please? a Yes, | con b Yes, here you are How about vegetable soup for siariers? «That sounds lovely! b Thats nice of you! 4 A; Can | have some more tea, please? B: a Yes, of course. Help yourself b Got any ideas? 5. A: How would you like your steak cocked? B: a Very well b Medium rare v SE ee 10 Use the verbs below to complete the sentences. * keeps # can be preserved * teal ® process *# take no notice * lower 1 Freezing and canning ore two of the most ‘common ways 10 food 2 Many people of the ingredients in the products they buy. 3. Fresh fruit such as peaches and apricots in syrup. 4 When we follow o healthy diet we the risk of becoming il 5. don't think the chemist ean your burns. You should see a doctor. 6 Viiomin € ‘our skin young and healthy 11 Complete the sentences with two to four words, including the word in bold. 1 To attract more cusiomets the restaurant manager handed out advertising leaflets. gave To attract more cuslomers the restaurant manager adverlsing leaflets 2 Jeanne had to stop ealing spicy food when she slorled having stomach problems. give Jeanne had to spicy food when she started having slomach problems 3 Your book reviews must be handed in by Friday. given Your book reviews by Fridoy. A The fite doesn’t seem to be producing much heat, giving The fire doesn’t seem much heat 5 Iusted you! Why did you reveal my secret? give | musted you! Why my secrel? 12. Write the opposites of the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences. 1 Ifyou (behave) at the party, Sarah won't invite you again 2 The waitress waited for the man to {fold} his napkin before she took his order. 3. Why do you {iust) Worren so much? Mos! people think he’s very reliable 4 The repairman had to (connec!) the cooker from the electricity supply. 5 Passengers are advised no! to {fasten} their seatbells until the plane comes to 0 complete stop. Grammar 13 look at the pictures and use the prompts to say what the people are doing. Then, guess what they're going to make, asin the example. 1 He's chopping some vegetables. He's going to make vegetable soup.heat. 1” 2crel? at the order. aren ale. Ply, sto 9 14 What are you doing now? What are you going to do: this afternoon? tomorrow ‘evening? this weekend? 15, Use if, when or unless and the prompts below to make sentences, as in the example. © Jane and Simon/ | * not find/table/at make reservation restouron! * Andy/move/new —* be able/watch/ house favourite/TV show * Suson/leave for/ | * give me/call work/now © arrive/on time | [© We/tind/maiches * noi be able/light/ | ¢ [flinish/homework/ | barbecue | | before 8 pm * redecorate/every | | #bly/antive/atrpor room ' Unless Jane and Simon make a reservation, they won't find a table at the restaurant. 16 What will you do when you ... * leave school? # get your diiving licence? «get your degree? * go on holiday? 17 Use reflexive pronouns and the verbs below to make sentences, as in the example. © hurt # enjoy # bum * look at # introduce * cut # scold Be carefull You're going to hurt yourself! The film wos great! We really ... etc 18 ©) Look at the picture and ask ond answer questions, as in the example. A: Are there any pineapples in the picture? 8: No, there aren‘t. Are there ... etc b) Which of the food items above would you use to make breakfast? lunch? dinner? 5 19 a} Fill in: much, many, few, a few, litle or a litle. A: Let's make shepherd's pie. I'm in the mood for some lraditional English food. B: Good ideal What do we need? Well, we need 1) polaloes B: We've got four potatoes ‘A: Oh, that’s fine. We need 2) minced meal, too B: We've got two kilos in the fridge. Great, that’s plenly. Now, have we got any ‘onions? B: Hm ... We've got very 3) i'm ofaid. How 4) do we need? A: Only one, ifit’s a large one Oh, that’s OK, then, What else? A: Well, how 5) butter hove we gol? B: Very 6) , actually ‘A: That's alight. We only need 7) And we need a fin of tomatoes. B: Greall We've go! everything, Let's get cocking b) You want fo make an omelette. What do you need? Write down the ingredients, then ‘act out a dialogue similar to the one above. Listening 20 >You will hear four people talking about their diets. For questions 1-4 choose the best answer, A, B or C. 1 Kaye takes multivitamin tablets because she A often gets ill B only eats organic food C wants to stay healthy. 2. What is Joe's atitude towards food? A You should eat whatever you want B You should eat only fried food C You should always ect breakfast. 3 Sarah used fo hove an unhealthy die! because she A didn't know why she was overweight B didn’t have much energy. C le three large meals @ day, plus snacks 4. Alan is complaining because A his mother treats him like 0 pet B his mother’s cooking is tasteless. C his mother wants him to eat healthier food 3132 Communication (during mealtimes) 2] 0) Use the prompls to complete the dialogue. * Can you poss * would you like ¢ Can | have # How about some * Is that enough A: Julia, 1) some more potatoes? 8: Mmm ... no, thanks. I've got plenty Reading A: 2) mote carrots? B: Oh, all righ, then. Not foo many, though A: 3) a B: That's great, thanks. 4) the souce, please? A: Yes, of course. B: Thanks. 5) some more water, pl A: OK. Where's your glass? B: Here itis. I'm really thirsty. ‘A: Oh, deat. Pethaps I put foo much salt in the sauce. b) In pairs, act out similar dialogues. 22 Read the article and circle the correct answer, A, B, C or D. y The Ultimate Energy When most of us hear the word ‘diet’, we immediately think about tying to get sim However, a ciet should be about more than just frvng to lose weight. What We eat should keen us fit and heathy and make us feel energetic. With the right eating plan, anyone can fee great (One ofthe best ways to keep your eneray levels High Is to eat small snacks frequently throughout'the day. Having several Hoht meals keeps your blood sugar at a heathy lave and stops you frm txperiencing the symptoms of low blood sugar (hunger, lziness and confusion). Eating nothing all day and then having a large evening meal will not only make you fee exhausted but also make you gain Weight. Pople who are trying to lose weight often miss breaklast. They ‘are not making life e2sy for themselvas by doing tis. Breakfasts the most important meal of the day, and without it your body wil not work propery. Eling a small, lov-fat breakfast wil give you the 1 How can a person feel energetic? A by trying to get fit B by going on a diet C by eating properly D by trying to get slim 2 Why should someone eat offen during the doy? A because they won't have an evening meal B so they will have less sugar in their blood C30 that they don’t put on weight D in order not to suffer from low blood sugor energy and nuients you ned to get trough the morning. Try fresh fru, juice, toast and honey, or crea. ‘Athough many of us dink cote to ‘keop ourselves awake’ calfene (wich sn cofes, oa and fizzy cin) actualy makes us ‘even more tied Next time you reach forthe cofee machine, stop, ‘and have a glass of water instead Wthou plenty of wate, you wil feel exhausted and may suffer rom headaches, You should dink at Teast five glasses of water everyday — your body needs it Vitamin Cs etemey important kees us heathy and hens cur bood to absorb ron and calcium. The most important source of Mitamin C is fresh frut and vegeteles, so you should eat a vatity f these every day. Citus fru strawberis and tomatoes areal ich in vitamin ©, and deicious, too! It doesn't take much efoto eat heathy and you wil soon ee the benefits, The rg dit wil make you fal ul of energy. Losing weghtisnotimporant. The secrets that when you fee! good, you look good 3 Why should people always eat breakfast? A to have an easy life B to have plenty of energy until lunchtime C in order nat to lose weight D because there is olwoys plenty to eat in the morning 4. Why do people need to drink plenty of water? A because their bodies need it B so that they drink less coffee C io keep themselves awake D becouse coffee causes headacheswee, ase? auce. When we write a review of a food festival we usually divide it info four paragraphs. In the first paragraph we write the name of the feslval, where and when it takes place and the reason(s) for celebrating. In the second paragraph we describe the preparations for the festival. In the third paragraph we describe what hoppens on the actual day (e.g. food, activities etc) In the fourth paragraph we wrile our recommendation, giving reasons. Writing (a review about a food festival) 23. Read the review and fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words in brackets. The Elmira Mople Syrup Festival ickes place every March in Ontario, Conada. It is held becouse collecting maple syrup from the sap of maple trees is oll {tradition} Canadian custom Doys before the festival, 2} (organise) set up a long line of stalls for the ovidoor mall, where locols display and sell o wide 3] «+. wary) of foods, toys and crafts They also organise 4) {excite} touts to the countryside and treks in the woods, On the actual day of the festival, the big event is the Pancake Flipping Contes!. People make delicious goldenbrown pancakes ond use all kinds of silly utensils io flip them. Participants 5) (particular) enjoy taking port in it but it is also very 4 entertain) to waich. The smell cof pancakes fills the air and makes everyone feel very 7 (hunger). 8) luck} there ore always plenty of pancakes to go ‘ound. IF you have sweet tooth, love pancakes and enjoy nature, don’t miss this unique Festival. It is the perfect way to celebrate the end of winter 2A, Read the review again and answer the questions. a) What tenses has the writer used? Why? b) What information does the wriler give in each poragraph? ¢] Where can you read such a piece of writing? 25, a] Read the recommendations and mark them P (positive) or N (negative). © Don't miss itl .. © | wouldn't recommend it + I'm sure you can find better things to do. * highly recommend it, ... * lis @ highly enteriaining festival. ... © I's a waste of time. b} Rewrite the last paragraph of the review in Ex. 23, using phrases from above. 26 Correct the mistakes. Write S (for spelling), P (for punctuation), M {for missing word) and GR for (grammar). In-P the weeks leading up to the music festival, the ‘organisers makes various preparations, They book several popular bands and they print colourful leeflets inviting in the town to attend the event they also order plenty food ond drink too sell. Finally, they build a large stage and set up special coloured lights. 27 Think of an annual festival in your country ‘and make notes under the headings below. Use your notes to talk about it. © Name, Where/When, Reason for Celebrating © Preparations ® Actual day 28 | Your teacher has asked you to write a review of an annval festival in your county, to be published in your school magazine Use the plan below and your answers in Ex. 27 to write your review (120-180 words}. You can use the review in Ex. 23 ‘as a model. Introduction (Para 1) name of festival, where/hen takes place reason for celebrating ‘Main Body (Para 2) (Para 3) preparations the actual day Conclusion (Para 4} recommendation and reason34 All Work and No Play... Vocabulary ] 0) Use the items in the list to fill in the boxes below. * top hat # leggings * jeans * gloves * shoris * waistcoat * tailormade suit # stfiped tie * colton shit! ® fla! shoes * miniskirt « bel * wedding dress # sondals # leather jacket * straw hat # sports shoes * evening gown * tshirt # parasol * dinner jacket # bonne! * bere! © high-heeled shoes # kneelength skirt “ACCESSORIES | ~ b) With o partner, ask and answer questions, «3s in the example. ‘A: What do you wear when you go on a picnic? B: | wear leggings, a tshirt and sandals. What do you wear when you go to a wedding? etc Circle the odd word out. conductor, insiuments, performance, exhibits safely nel, bond, musicions, singers halftime, referee, audience, players director, sound engineer, cameraman, potter heovy metal, romantic, classical, country anon Nn 3 What do you/don't you enjoy doing in your free time? Use the prompts to ask and ‘answer questions, as in the example. # go to rock concerts/foolball matches/ marine parks/art golleries/parlies # go fo the cinema/theatre circus | 'm [not oln}.. person; | don't mind; | love; | quite enjoy/really lke; I hate; | don't ike A: Do you enjoy going to football matches? B: Not really. I'm not a sports person. Match the words which collocate to complete the sentences that follow. * popular * spare form ® street # sill ® second * ottraction 1. Due to popular demand, there will be a second screening of the film 2 The Thompsons went back for a look before they bought their new car 3. My father loves fixing broken things in his time, 4 The photographer told the litle gid to stand 50 that he could take her picture 5. Euto Disney is probably the most popular tourist in Europe. 6 My brother considers graffiti an art bout | think i's just rubbish 7 Shoppers were entertained by talented performers during the Christmas sales. 5 Circle the correct item. 1 Ifyou don’t hury we'll miss the tain Aup B on Cin 2 I'm chraid the Sunday performance is sold A off B out Cup 3 The ploy was fantastic and | was very impressed the costumes Ain B with 4 Tickeis for the concert must be paid week in advance. A for B by 5 | finally got hold ‘out of print for months A of B from C with 6 When my mobile phone rang during he lecture, the woman beside me tuned and glared... me A to B ot Cof C from one Cio that book that's beenyour plete nd cond 1 his itond vurist very one pen the 6 1 Circle the correct response. 3. The service at the restaurant was excellent and the food was of the best qualily A; Hurry up, Tom! 4. Mission Impossible is so fastmoving thal you can hardly sit sil B: a OK — here | am. b Come onl 5. My grandmother was very creative. We could sit for hours listening to her siories ‘A: Can I help you? B: a Yes, please, I'd like 8 4) Match the adjectives in the boxes with the items of clothing in the list, as in the example. some information. b Calm down. E short-sleeved, ‘A’ riding, top long-sleeved, A: How was the football plain moich? B: a | really like i : b It was grea B ballet, platform, F frilly, fancy, summer, formal, smart, casual walking, low-heeled, ‘A: Come on, Sue. We'll be comfortable late. B: a That's fine. b ust give me two seconds. G leather, fur, winter, ¢ smart, casual, cotton, woollen, dark A: Could | have your address, please? B: a Oh, nol b Yes, of course. H pleated, straight, long, D denim, blue, A; You're in luck ~ there’s one icket left. b) Using phrases from above, as well as ideas of your own, 8: . on ate greall describe what the people below are wearing, as in the example. hy not! 1 Sam is wearing a long-sleeved orange shirt and blue jeans. A: How about woiching oe Ma : video? B: a Don't worry. b I don't mind. ‘A: Can | park here? @. I'm atroid you can't b You won’. Read the sentences below and replace the words in bold with a synonym from the list. * boring * firstrate * imaginative * realistic * action-packed The lecture wos rather uninteresting so we lelt early boring The computerised dinosour is 50 lifelike that you forge i's only « model SI: Is he/she wearing blue jeans? T: No, he/she isn’t. etc ¢} Guessing game. Your teacher thinks of a student. Ask questions to find out who it 3536 J 4) Think of three items of clothing you have. ‘What are they like? How long have you had them? How often do you wear them? Where did you get them? b) Now describe your items of clothing to your partner. A: My skirt is long and yellow with green flowers on it, B: Well, my trousers are blue with lots of pockets. etc 10 ©) Match the words below to their definitions, 4s in the example. * bored * depressed * annoyed # excited * oggressive * cheerful 1 ved because there is nothing fo do = bored 2 showing/feeling eagerness and enthusiasm 3 in.a good mood, happy = 4 Toil angry = 5 sad, without enthusiosm or hope = 6 ready to atiack or quarrel = b} In pairs, ask and answer questions, as in the example. ‘A: When do you feel bored? B: | feel bored when we visit my parents! friends. What about you? A: [feel bored on Sunday afternoons. When do you feel depressed? ele 11] Complete the sentences with two to four words, including the words in bold. 1. The long winler has delayed our plan by several weeks. back — The long winter plan by several weeks 2 He saves some money every month in order to buy @ motorcycle. aside He some money every month in order fo buy a motorcycle. 3. I'm leaving for Liverpool at 7 am tomorrow, so Hl have an early night. setting Because | Liverpool at 7 om tomorrow, I'll have an early night 4. The town council decided to demolish the old train station and build @ new one. up The town council decided to demolish the old train station and one. Use the verbs in brackets to form nouns, as in the example. Peter always wanted 10 have a piece of the 1) action {act), so when he found out the local theatrical group was ‘going to stage a new play, he xed to help. ‘ re der for them to go on with the (perform) they had to "make 3) {alter) to the main stage and scenery. They also had to make plans for the 4) .. a a the stalls because the play e and the 5) Grammar 13 Complete the sentences below by putting the verbs in the correct infinitive or sing form, as in the example. Carl didn’t expect to win {win} first prize in the competition, lynn would prefer {watch} the tennis match on television Vl ohways remember {move} into my fist fat. We enjoy. ‘on Friday nights Kevin denied Walkman, Sian agreed airport on Tuesday. She doesn't mind {help} with the housework Tina hasn't finished homework yet. {go} out for dinner (take) his sisters (drive) me to the (do} her2 old tolish one, as the yas v the Jihe ove) ner iter's > the her 1A, Use the words/phrases in the lst to write as many sentences as possible about each of the pictures below, as in the example, * proud © busy ® remember ® would rather + easy * hope * help * appear * decide + love ® seem 1. He's proud fo have caught such a big fish. He has been busy Ho will always remember catching his fist fish He hopes to catch some more fish He loves fishing. 5 Use the verbs in box A and the phrases and time expressions in box B to talk about yourself, as in the example. — © enjoy nex! yeor/month/week © dot mind al weekends ein sond en ene schol © Metremh when Tm a liar up soon expect in woth days/meeks | enjoy ploying tennis at weekends catching fish all morning. 16 Read the sentences and correct the mistakes, 1s in the example. 1 Thad betier moken us a cup of fea. make 2. Poter would prefer play chess rather than read @ book, 3. We don't mind sleep late on Friday. 4 She hoes eat Chinese food 5. He'll never forget meet kis favourite singer 6 We siopped having « sandwich and then went on working 7. | don’ think it's dificult learning how to ski 8 My fothermade me washing the cor to play 17 Fill in must or musin’t In basketball there 1) be five players on each team, A player 2) fun with the ball without dribbling it. A player 3) kick the ball and they 4) sous hit itwith their hand. During a gome, all rainers and assistants 5} remain on the bench 18 With a partner, think of three things you ‘must/musin’t or can/can’tdo in these situations, as in the example. * when you have a dog * when you ride o bike * when you are at football match * when you drive ¢ cor A: When you have a dog, you must feed it every day. B: That's right. And you must take it fo the vet regularly, etc 19 Talk about your daily routine. In pairs, vse the prompls to ask and answer questions, as in the example. * woke up on weekdays * leave for schoo! or work # tidy your room ‘+ wash up atler dinner © do the shopping * have dinner A: What time do you have to wake up on weekdays? B: Ihave to wake up around 7 am. What about you? ete 37; 2] Read the article about totem poles and circle the correct Reading onswers, then explain the highlighted words. 20) 9) Have you ever seen a tolem pole? b} Look at pictures A-C. Which of them is: a totem pole? a statue? an obelisk? 0 @ 0 es c} Why do you think totem poles were built? r A visual expression of Indian Culture , a Totem poles are tall wooden logs decorated with beautiful symbols and paintings. The ‘geographical area which gave birth to totem poles is the northwest coast of North ‘America, and the people who created them are the North ‘American Northwest Coast Indians. This area is the only place in the world which has produced the totem, so itis also known jokingly as the Totempolar Region ‘Once a tree was selected and cut down, it was hollowed/oUt, ‘Then it was marked off into equal sections in order to be carved. ‘After the carvings were completed, sometimes by more than one carver, the totem pole was painted in shades of red, black, green and blue. There were several kinds of totem poles, depending on the reason why they were built. For ‘example, there were memorial) poles which honoured both the living and the dead, house posts which supported the root, portal poles, welcorning poles, and many others. Apart from anything else, however, totem poles were built as a way of passingionistories, myths and legends about the Indian culture. The totem pole was 2 means for Northwest Coast indians to communicate and remember past events. The term totem is derived from the word ofoteman, which means a blood relationship between brothers and sisters. A totem could be a companion, a relative, a protector, a helper, ‘a supernatural power or an ancestor, and it served as a symbol of a family group or a person. Indians believed there isa close connection between a group of people, on the one hhand, and a species of animal or plant on the other. 38orrect oatet families at a time when animals and men lived together as equals. ‘These poles stand as forms of written records of thehistory and culture ofa A various shapes ond colours B different counries. C other cultures. D all North American Indians’ homes. 3. Totem poles were built A oso tribv'e to olher Americans B_'o suppor families C [era number of D to send mess The ward ofofen ion lem poles © as calendars. D to.corve their history on. Communication (Asking for Information} 22 a) Use the prompts to complete the dialogue * single or return * the reservation * book g ticket * do you want it for A: Hello. Rail Express Enquiries — Bob speaking. How may | help you? B: Hello. 'd lke to 1) from london to York A: When 2) 2 B: Tomorrow morning, ‘A: Hold on a second. Yes, there's one of 11:45 from King’s Cross which reaches York at 1:50, Good. Moke 3) » please First class? Second class, please 4) 2 Single, please. That's £30. Thank you very much. PP erer b) In pairs, act out your own dialogues. listening 23 >You will hear part of on interview with Max McCarthy, person who does computer ‘art. For statements 1-4, tick (V) Yes ifthe statement is true and No if itis false. Yes No 1 Ibis easy to correct mistakes in computerised picwres. CO 2 Max thinks that painting using @ computer isn't creative, ood 3. Computer art is considered as valuable 43 fadtional at og 4 People will appreciate Computer att more in the future. oad 39Writing {an article describing a building} 2A, Read the article and match the paragraphs (1-5) to the headings below. Where could you read such an article? © description of exterior © name, location, etc 's/recommendation cls © comm: * historical * description of interior Iie Natural Histc Museum Oeics PMC enue Wie soyseert eee Pee SUeene wena are cee Sey areca intended Sia Tey eters) with an ioe cen 40 Prieur tht 25 Highlight the topic sentences in the main body paragraphs, then replace them with other appropriate ones. 26 Look at the pictures and the topic sentences. Use the prompts fo write appropriate supporting sentences for each. La ws I The outside of the house is truly charming, bright colours chimney - small front garden - flowers path - four steps - trees Inside, the house is cosy. big windows - wooden flooss- nicely decorated - bright colours - modern comfortable furniture staircase leading upstairs to a bedroom cond study \\ Writing Tp When we wile on arlicle about @ building we can divide it into five paragraphs. In the introduction, we give the name and location of the building and/or the reason for choosing it In the second paragraph, we fe historical facis about the building (e.g designed il, when and why it was bull, etc}. In the third paragraph, we describe the exterior of the building fe.g. what is it made of gardens, ec]. In the fourh paragraph, we describe the interior of the building (e.g. rooms, pictures, etc). In the conclusion, we wile general yout the building ond give our 2. We normally us describe the exterior and the interior of the bu cand past fenses to write about the historical fac. appearance, furniture, comments present tenses to8 97 The editor of your local magazine has asked for articles on @ ¢) Read the following ith famous building in your town. Look at the map, the pictures and paragraphs. Which one the prompts, then use them fo answer the questions that follow. would you use as a ‘conclusion for your nes TSR article? Why? Southwark, London + bull in 1599 by A I have never been to such 0 anes 3 -Guthbert and Ndi great place. There wos so rate iccor ED @ 2 much to see that | want ta go fthe ior Te and stay there again next ‘é Rate summer. I’s a place I'll never forget B The new Globe Theatte is fascinating and wonderful place to visit. Visitors now have the opportunily to see how plays wete performed over four hundred years ago. 28 Write an article (120-180 words) about The Globe Theatre for your school magazine. Use your ‘answers in Ex. 27 and the plan below. You can use the article in Ex. 24 as a 1 What is the name of the building, and where is it located? model. 2 When wos it originally built, and who by? 3. Whet happened in 1613? When was i! pulled down? 4 When was the new theatre rebuilt and opened to the public? ™ b] Use the pictures above and the prompts below to talk about. © PIR the Globe Theatre, as in the example. ere | (Para 1) name, location of | Ederior: — walls made of radtional moteral (bricks, wood and special building plaster made from sand, lime and goa! hai and/or reason for oa ~ shape of building is round ! choosing i © con — twenty sides . | 1, we | Main Body or the ep oma soa windows) {Para 2} historical focts | h, we eae | {Para 3} description of ‘che nleior: open stage on ground floor exterior | In the ~ wo pillars {Para 4) — description of She ~ ceiling of smell roof pointed with sun/moon/stars ! interior | ‘once, ~ wo sioreys of galleries aes scribe ~ audiences sit on benches | oa). gener! | niture, } comments, | Snevol The Globe Theatre’s walls are made of traditional materials. For a our &*ample, bricks and wood have been used, as well as a special | ses 10 Plaster made from sand, lime and goat hair f vilding 41Nature’s Warning Vocabulary 1] Match the headlines tothe problems, then ask ‘and answer questions, as in the example. \ Fishing Vilage Becomes Ghost Town [NORTHERN EUROPE, TROPICAL PARADISE OF THE FUTURE overfishing ) NS BLACK OFF detoesoion | FH TOAST OF NORWAY sad ees ANINALS LIVING IN BARTON oil spill WOOD LEFT HOMELESS lobol worming qpScHOO CHILDREN HOSPALSED ‘A: Why has the fishing village become a ghost own? B: Because of overfishing. 24) Match the problems tothe pictures. A drought B forest fires C endangered species D industrial waste ) Work in pairs. What headlines would you write for the problems above? 42 ‘WITH BREATHING PROBLEMS beeen 3 Underline the correct word. 1 The ozone layer is being contaminaied/ damaged by the use of aerosols 2 Zoos help to preserve threatened/endangered species 3. Deforestation is destroying/pollting the fores's ‘4. The Eden Project was buill to increase/improve the living conditions of animals in captivity 5 Factories should not be allowed to pump industrial wasle/greenhouse gases into rivers, lakes or seas. 6 Many species ore being wiped out/ruined by deforestation. 7 Global worming is coused by heat dumped/ trapped in the cimosphere. A. What are the following threatened by? Match the prompts and make sentences, as in the example. There may be more than one answer in some cases. elephants b |ja Tagging companies | rare plants |) b hunters Hish ¢ acrosols forests waste and sewage the ozone layer e acid rain Elephants are threatened by hunters. 5 0} Do these problems cause land, water, ait of noise pollution? Look at the table below cand tick (7). You can add your own ideas. oil spill z exhaust fumes traffic jams dropping ‘ubbish in the counlryside 5. pumping industiol woste into rivers RORo b) Use the prompts in the table above to make sentences, as in the exomple. Oil spills couse water pollution.J Mach the solutions below to the problems @ Using phrases from the list, suggest ways to in part a, then complete the sentences, as in improve the quality of our water, food and naged the example. air, Use the pictures to help you. * We should... ® We must slop wgered GTS FINE | IF we fine factories, they * It would be @ good idea e || won't pump industrial waste © |believe wa must... etc vess. || FACTORIES | inc res aprove ee H pump |B 4 there rivers, | BAM EMRE Ne So mony |\reow err¥ CENTRE: ed by —— 0) i nped/ ‘| Fircars || there || WITH PETROL | won't be so many (| Fuerens |) Match i jn the IMTRODUCE STRICTER) people tone | LITIERLAWS |! won't wes | £41 sump j . h | BETTER | 7 ere ( OIL TANKERS [) won't be so many oge . 1 We should clean up 6 Your uncle isa factory owner. Persuade him °¥" “vers and lakes. to make the chi : make the changes you suggest 9 Circle the correct response. ar, ald * fell him he should stop burning rubbish, and kd give 0 reason 1A; Have you seen loday's paper? a * ell him he should stop pouting chemicals B: @ No, | hate them 7 info the river, ond give @ reason b No, I've been too busy. * disagree with the aigumenls presented by 2 A; Ishe in some sort of trouble? your uncle and give counter-arguments B: a He could be * sugges a solution b_No, he isn’t there 3A: Lets go home: ; | 8: a I'm not surprised 7 What is wrong with: - the water we drink? b Can't we stay a litle longer? - the food we eat? - the air we breathe? 4. A: This is a waste of time. Use the prompts to make sentences, as in the Btonicaree! example. b No, not yet, * smoke ond gases from factories educate B: a. I's not this one * traffic fumes * s* chemicals raffic fumes * ciop sprays # che eee The water we drink has been polluted with 6 A: I'm fed up with exams. chemicals, B: a | don't think so. we 10 b Soam| 4344 10 Complete the sentences below using two to four words, including the word in bold. 1 The must work tagether with the community 1o clean up the neighbourhood. eeoperation The council must work the community to clean up the neighbouthood 2 The politician continued with his speech, even though no one was listening caried The politician council with his speech, even though no one was listening 3. From Ist July, parking in the cily centre will be bonned effect The parking ban in the cily contre will come st july. 4 Jim's teocher was angry with him becouse he missed the test trouble jim was - his teacher because he missed the test 5 Children under 12 should not play with this toy. suitable This foy is not childten under 12 6 The council completed its plan to build o new sports centre. out The council to build a new sporis cenire 7 Jim was delayed in heavy traffic, so he wos lote for work held Jim was late for work because he in heavy traffic: ]] Match the words in each column, then say what we use each item for, as in the exampl 1 cheese [a] opener 2 pencil B] dryer 3 nut T[e] grater 4 iin 'd] peeler 5 hair e] sharpener 6 dish F] washer 7 potato — [_]] cracker -e We use a cheese grater to grate cheese Grammar 12 Fill in: is/are, was/were, have/has, will Which sentences are not in the passive? 1 The recycling bins cemplied every Monday. 2 There a documentary on TV about Greenpeace tonight 3 The building boon redecorated by professionals 4 The palace be open to the public next April This record ....... been banned by radio stations. oo ‘An announcement made about the tube strike. 7 The family sent out over 100 invitations. 8 Martha working last weekend 9 They found great new way Io save fuel 10 | couldn't go to the new pool because it being used for o TV commercial 1 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive tense. 1 A: Did you know Jone lioke} to hospital last night? No! What hoppened? She Oh, no! Thar's awiull Great news! | 9 new job That’ wonderfull When do you star? Did you know that the house (build) over a century ago? B: No, | thought it was only abou! 30 years old Is in good condition, isn't i? A: Yes, i (maintain). Do you know why cots : {ban} from the city cenite? B: No, | hoven't a clue! ‘A: Its the new council plan. They say is so thal pollution (reduce) [hit) by @ car. Sere (offer) >@ well> will, every about orated public ations. made ations, akend. e fuel. vorrec! take) car, {offer} us old entre? so tho! duce) 5. A: Did you see the news lost night? B: No — why? ‘A: Oh, itwos quite funny. While the new mayor (interview), his hat blew off and landed in a huge puddle. 6 A: Inthe future, smoking (no1/allow) in public places. 8: That’ good! 7. A; Everybody knows tha! the ozone layer (destroy) by aerosol sprays and greenhouse gases B: Of course, but not enough (do} about i 8 A: Hil I'm glad you're back on the team. Why did you miss last week's game? 8: | (punish) for not doing my homework 14, The manager of the Haley Wildlife Sanctuary is talking to his assistant about his work. Answer the questions, using the prompts below, as in the example. 1 A: Have you contacted the new volunteers yel? B: Yes / new volunieers / telephone / yesterday Yes - the new volunteers were telephoned yesterday. 2A: Hove you cleaned the cages yel? B: No / cages cleaned / this afternoon 3A: Hove you foxed the report fo Head Office yer? B: Yes / report / faxed / last Friday 4 A: Hove you ordered the equipment for the veterinary surgeons? B: No / equipment / order / iomorrow morning 5 A: Have you put the new squirel in his own cage? B: Yes / new squinel / moved / fist thing this morning 15 Fill in: by or with. St, Louis Zoological Park is owned ond operated the city council 2 Oils are thick points used 3 Records have been replaced CDs ond DVDs. 4 Hard Times was written ovis. topes, Charles Dickens, cream. ‘environmentally: 5 The dessert was served 6 The fields were sprayed friendly chemicals 7 The survey was conducted 8 A statement was issued UPC Research. the company. 16 Expand the newspaper headlines into full sentences, using the correct form of the passi 1 Chemical disaster caused by local energy company at the weekend A chemical disaster was caused by a local energy company at the weekend. 2.10 killed in Friday’s tragic train crash 3 Saltley Museum to be opened by local historian 4 Taylor children reunited with poren's 55 Hikers trapped in avalanche since Saturday Brad Pitt expected to win 2 Oscars Listening 17 Yeu will hear four children talk about what they think lif will be ike in the year 2050. For speakers 1-4, choose from the list A-E which statement applies to each child, There is one ‘extra statement that you do not need fo use. A life on Earth will be ideal. 1 Speaker 1 B There won't be enough space fot everyone on the earth, J Speaker 2 There will be no water ot all. [] Speaker 3 The air will be clean People will develop breathing [_] Speaker 4 problems, moa 4518 Communication (Agreeing/Disagreeing) Use the prompts to make short dialogues, as in the example. Who could be talking in each dialogue (e.g. friends, parentchild, ete)? ** emply the bins all the time + help with the housework *# come home late at night + atk before using the computer * tidy room # not study hard enough + do washing up * spend houts on the phone Agreeing Disagreeing That's true. That's not true. I do agree wilh thot | disagree with the. So do I/Me too. Neither do | Shee J emply the bins all he time. So do I! two flatmates) You never help with the housework That's not trve. (wife-husband) Reading (1-5). Which cause acid rain and which are part of the solution? ft solar energy panels electric power plants fumes from cars and lorries public transport smoke from factories b) Read the article and choose which ttle from the lst bes fis each paragraph. There is cone tile that you do not need fo use. D The need for change E Blame it on energy F What can be done? A A threat to life B A chemical reaction © Fact or fiction? Acid Rain 1 Can you imagine « world where acid falls out of the sky? lt sounds like something from science fiction, but it happens every day on planet Earth. Acid rain iso setious environmental problem which is geting worse allthe time. It destroys buildings, plants and wildlife, and itis slowly poisoning the enire planet. | When | these 2 Aaid rain is caused by cars and lorries, factories | and electric power plan's that use fossil fuels, such as oil and coal. In recent years, we have used more and more fossil {uels to provide energy for out homes and businesses. As a result, the amount of ‘acid rain has increased dramatically. 3 fossil fuels are burned they release gases ‘called sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide into the atmosphere. These gases mix with water to form. clouds of dangerous acids. When cin falls from clouds, it is highly acidic ond couses 0 | grea! deol of damage to our planet 4 id rain damages many different kinds of plan's, including the crops ond trees which provide us with food. It also pollutes our lakes and stieams, ond consequently the fish and the animals that drink it | Various species of plants and wildlife are in danger of becoming extinct as 0 result of acid rain 5 So haw can we prevent acid rain from completely destraying our plane!? The answer is simple. We must cul down as much as possible on our use of fossil fuels. We should find alleinctive forms of eneigy, such as solar power, to supply our homes ‘and businesses, and use public transport instead of private cars. Only by doing this can we save cour planet from acid rain ¢} Can you think of any other alternative forms of energy? 4) Can you think of other suggestions to help stop acid rain?vange ray ‘one? of the on, but in iso worse Aldlife, clories such used ‘or our vunt of gases ito the > form 3 from ses a slants, 3 with and ink it anger sletely » We use of ms of romes stead save help « When we wile on article suggesting solutions to problems, we usually divide it info five paragraphs. In the fist paragraph, we ouiline the problem(s) and/or cavsels). In the main body [paras 2-4}, we present our suggestions and their results, Inthe last paragraph, we summarise or restale our opinion, We can use First, Secondly, etc 10 inroduce each paragraph, as well os phrases of suggestion, such os it would help if... it would be a good idea if... , one/another solution/ good idea is fo ... ,alnother) useful suggestion would be fo ... , ele. To inkoduce resuls, we can use By doing this, In this way, IF this were done, As a result, Therefore, etc 20 4) Read the article and replace the phrases in bold with other synonymous ones. @ Conditions in our ety are getting worse every day, The trafic is awful and the streets are ful of iter. What's more, the air is 50 polluted you ean hardly see the sky through the smog. How can we ake our city a cleaner, healthier place to tive and work in? @ Frally, steps must be taken to improve a quality ‘Auseful suggestion would be to ban cars from the city centre. In this way, there would be fewer cars on the roads and lower levels of harmful gases would be released into the atmosphere. If this were done, there would be less smog over the city @secondly, it would be a good idea if factories ‘were moved out af the area. The result of this would be that air potion would be reduced. Alternatively, it would help if factories used special fiters to stop poisonous gases escaping into the atmosphere. @Finally, efforts should be made to deal with the problem of lite. This could be solved quite easily by providing more rubbish bins in public places. AS ‘a result, people would stop dropping litter on the ground. ®there are many ways to improve conditions in cur city. Putting some of these ideas into action ‘would definitely make life better for everyone b] Match the topics (A-E to paragraphs 1-5. A Air pollution (cors} B iter © Air pollation (factories| ....._D_ Conclusion E Introduction {state the problem(s]) 2] Write appropriate supporting sentences for the following topic sentences. 1 To begin with, public ransport should be improved {people avoid using cars -* reduce pollution levels] 2 Finally, it would be a good idea to introduce stricter laws for those wha hunt animals illegally. {long-teim prison sentences + deter hunters from killing animals for their skin, ivory, etc} 22. Match the suggestions to the results. Then expand the prompts into full sentences, linking them with appropriate phrases, as in the example. You may add your own ideas. sisi) 1. stop cutting down ‘a make new products/ trees reduce/liter 2 tse alemotve RE b crime /bids/nct of energy lose/noturel habitats 3° recycle containers, © natural resources/ papers, etc not come fo on end/reduce air palluion coused by harmful gases poe 1-b Firsily, it would be @ good idea to stop cutting down trees. If this were done, animals and birds would not lose their natural habitats. 23. Alocal newspaper has asked its readers to write articles entitled “How fo improve the global environment”. Write your article suggesting ways to improve our environment. Use the plan below and your answers in Ex. 22. You can use the article in Ex. 20 as. a model. Plan Introduction | [Para 1) state the problems} the causels) Main Body [Para 2-4) ‘Conclusion [Para 5) and/or suggestions and results summarise your opinion 47One Good Turn Deserves Another! Vocabulary ] a) Look at the people in the pictures, then use the prompts to say where they work and what they do, as in the example. Where? © hospital © job centie * cily steels * ambulance/hospital * beach/pool What? ® cure sick people, trea! illnesses + inake sure people don't park illegally * help people find work «# rescue swimmers in danger * help in medicol emergencies 2 Roy is a traffic warden. T Della is @ doctor. She works in a hospital, She cures sick people and treats illnesses. 4 Daniel is a paramedic 5. Keiko is 0 careers adviser, b) In poirs, ask and answer questions, os in the example. Where does a doctor work? He/She works in o hospital What do you think he/she does at work? He/She cures sick people and treats illnesses o) Which of these jobs would be best for you? Why? 2. Use the adjectives below to act out dialogues, as in the example. pred « stressful ® interesting * rewarding * boring * exciting © difficult tiring * challenging # nereracking * dangerous * satisfying What's @ doctor's job like? Ws very stressful. Really? Why do you think so? Because he is responsible for people’s lives. That's true, but it’s also rewarding. It must be very satisfying to help cure people and save people's lives 3 Use the prompts below to act out dialogues, «5 in the example. dered Problems * |'ve go! toothache/earache/backache/ stomach ache/a headache * My shoulder/chest/knee/orm/back hurts Suggestions # take an aspirin © see o dentist * go to the doctor # use some eardrops * lie down # take o painkiller SI: What's wrong with you? 52: I've got a headache SI: Why don’t you take an aspirin?ers 's, as. sses. it for ring st be ave gues, ts, Dear Mox, relugee camp in Rwanda. | cam't wait res coiphoned children and 3) ofthe eldetly. 'm also going to 4) pe 5 “pw iit own food. | hope that through aur efforts we'll be able to 5} helping these people. | ho way, can make a difference Fill in with phrases from the list. * take care * do something about «# keen on # look after © work al © spend time with How ate you? I'm wating fo tel you my lolest news. I'm going to | a ieee } to leave. My onsiiliies will be 10 2) the locals, teaching them how to the terrible conditions thot these seople have to live in. I'm really 6) Sait pe that in some small | hope Ho see you before | leave next month love, a Vicky Circle the correct response. A: You shouldn't go to bed late 8: a I'm not surprised b No, | guess not. A: How long will he have to wear the cast for? B: a I'maot sure. b It's almost finished. ‘A: Guess who called me last night — Terry! B: all right. b Really? ‘A: Mum soys I have to stay in bed for a week 8: a I'm alaid she's righ. b Good for her! A I'm going to work for VSO nex! year B: a That sounds like © great experience b We won't argue about it. A: You never pay attention to me, do you? Bra Dol? b That's not true. 2 IF you don't stop Add the prefixes re, over, mis, un- and under. to the verbs to complete the sentences, I don’t have time to peck my books. behaving in class, you'll be sent io the headmaster. Jone was late for work because she slept The social services deporlment is staffed; that's why it doesn’t work properly The more paper we eyele, the fewer reas will have to be cu! down Fill in: charitable, developing, priority, physicalskills, relief, distribution, supplies. It should be a government to find shelter for the homeless. Many countries in the are in urgent need of medical This foundation teaches the disabled the bosic life they need to survive. Our local charity sent twenty workers to Somalia last year. My mother goes shopping twice a week for people with disabilities Most organisations help with woter and food fo poor countries world Underline the correct preposition. My parents have been members to/of Oxlom for twelve yeors Many homeless people rely with/on the kindness of strangers, My teacher gave me advice on/for how to prepare for my exams Our local shelier provides food, clothes and blankets from/for those in need He is dedicaied on/to doing all he can to help sove our planet Complete the sentences with two to four words, including the word in bold. There was a disttess signal from the ship ten minutes before it sank sent The ship signal ten minutes before it sonk 4950 2. My mum asked for @ doctor fo be sent when my Ile brother had a high fever sent My mum when my litle brother had a high fever 3 The coplain of the leam was told to leave the field for bad behaviour sent The captain of the team field for bad behaviour. 4 Over twenty people submitted applications for the post of assistant manager. sent Over twenly people the post of cossistant manager. Grammar 10 Fill in the correct question tag. You can ride a bike, She helped you, Emma works in an ott gallery, Let's go for a walk, He's got a laptop, The Browns ore Welsh, Cathy is @ nurse, Close the door, We were late, 10 She hasn't been here before, waNnounens | Use the following question tags to ask your partner questions, as in the example. + xen't you? # can't you? # dida't you? # isn't he/she? + don't you? # have you? * shall we? © weren't you? You are a student, aren't you? 12. Underline the correct verb. 1 Mary told/said Tom what had happened the olher day. ‘Mum said/told us to go to bed The Connors said/told they were moving to Scoiland 4. My uncle said/told us some funny stories. 5. My denis told/said thot | had to floss everynight 6 Jeny told/said her brother to lock the door before he left the house 2 3 13 Report what these people said, os in the example. 1 Mary: ‘Ym late for work." Mary said (thal) she was late for work 2 Jane: “Tom has parked his cor in front of mine." 3. Lucy: "Il buy some colfee on my way home." 4. Fred: "'m going to Thailand.” 5 Allen. "| broke your CD player by accident." 6 Kathy: “My sister coming home on Monday.” 7 Carla: “| work as a relief worker.” 8 Duncan: "ll water the flowers." 4, Undertine the appropriate word 1 He went to live near the mountains so that he could/ ‘was able fo go climbing every weekend. 2 All ofthe students could/were able to poss the exam becouse it was easy. 3. Tom could/wos able fo ceed and write when he was only three years old. 4. She couldn't/wasn't able to speck any French ot all before she went to live in Paris 5 | couldn’t/wasn't able to go to the meeting, because | had o dentist's appointment. 15 In pairs, ask and answer, as in the example. * cook * read # * dance * swim © use a computor @ ride a bike © fall the fime Could you cook when you were five? No, I couldn't, Could you read when you were five? A: Yes, I could, Could you. p>nthe Reading 16 9} What different ways are there of curing illnesses, . ‘aches and pains? Have you i ever heard of holistic medicine? Look at the pictures cand say what you think each one shows. 1 Holistic medicine @ reals the patient as a whole can't treat the symptoms of o en he disease, 2 Reflexology 2. can only help you if you have problems with your D feet or hands helps remove toxins from the body. mple. 3. Aromatherapy involves using pleasant smelling oil. b_ having flowers in the house. nch al 4 Patients who have gemstone theropy believe inthe healing powers of exystals and gemstones. b need fo stay mentally alert during the therapy. 7 Read the tex! below and answer the questions that follow, by choosing A, B or C. Medicine Holistic medicine is the belief in treating the person as a whole — including ‘their emotions and general health — rather than just treating the symptoms of a disease. Preventative and therapeutic forms of treatment range from reflexology and aromatherapy to gemstone and crystal therapy. Reflexology is an ancient form of holistic treatment, with links to Arabic and Eastern cultures. Its based on the principle that major glands and organs of ‘the body correspond to areas on the feet and hands. Therapy involves using pressure on a particular area of the foot, which in tum stimulates the nerve connection. Reflexology, itis claimed, also helps improve the body's blood circulation as well as removing toxins. Aromatherapy has been practised in one form or another since the beginning of civilization. it involves the use of pure oils from aromatic flowers, herbs and spices to enhance health and beauty. Apart from the physical benefits to the face and body, the oils can also have a calming effect on the mind and emotions. The oils are most effective when applied directly to the skin, but they can also be added to bathwater or inhaled. ‘Another alternative therapy for strengthening and energising the body, as wel a treating illnesses, is the use of crystals and gemstones. Therapy involves ‘wearing the stones around the neck or placing them on particular parts of the body, The special healing powers of the stones is then passed on. Gemstones and crystals are also believed to help the wearer feel more relaxed and ‘mentally alert. This, in tum, allows the body to heal itself more naturally. Athough holistic medicine is nota new idea, such alternative forms of therapy have been gaining popularity in recent years. Increasing numbers of people avoid orthodox methods of treatment in favour of more natural (and often more successful) processes. Holistic medicine may not be for everyone, but ‘more and more people are using these therapies to cure a wide range of ‘medical problems. 1 Mossaging the fee! will A celax the nerves B apply pressute to major glonds and organs. improve the body’ circulation 2 Using oils from flowers and herbs A is a new type of medicine. B_ improves your appearance. C only works when they are rubbed into the skin 3. Wearing stones can A give you mental strength B improve your skin C help the body get well by making you feel relaxed 4 Holistic treatment A helps people succeed B is often not as natural as orthodox treaiments C is becoming more popular 18 Read the text again and match the words in bold fo their definitions below. normal or usual; placed or put; poisons; changes in the body ‘hat indicate illness; giving energy to somebody or something; breathed in; something done to help cure an illness; hove a close connection Sl52 19. Which of the following would be a suitable alternative ftle for the text? * Alternative Therapies * SelfHelp for ilnesses © Beads ond Flowers are Just the Thing Listening 20 >You will hear @ conversation between Three people who are at the doctor's surgery. Answer the questions by writing £ (for Lisa), J (for James) or S (for Sarah) in the boxes. Who has got a problem with their back? Who drove to the surgery? Who has a problem with their ear? ‘Who knows a cure for earache? Who wants 0 second opinion? Who is waiting for some test results? Who feels nervous abou! visting the docior? ‘Who has had the some doctor for many years? NoaRons O oO ooOo00o00 Communication (making & accepting invitations) 2] 2) Use the prompts to complete the dialogue. # Are you doing * Shall we * lets meet ® How about Jone: ‘anything tonight? Melly: No, | haven't go! any plans. Why? Jone coming to the cinema? "Return of a Hero" is on at the Ploza. It stars al 8 pm. Molly: Great outside the cinema at 7:30 pm. Jone: OK . go for a coffee after the film? Molly: Good idea. See you there. Bye. b) In pairs, use the phrases fo act out similar dialogues. 4 be free? * nothing special © What about... ? * rot feel like that ® Why don't we ... * that be nice # What time ...? * pick up? * great # 8:30 pm Writing (a letter to the editor discussing problem and making suggestions) 22. Look at the picture and answer the questions. # Where do you think this mon lives? # How do you think he spends his day? © Why do you think he has a trolley? What do you think isin if? What is being done to help the homeless people in your country? 23. 0} Read the letter below and put the jumbled paragraphs in the correct order. Dear Sir/Madam, igi, permanent accom emu, homeless people would then feel less degraded ond isolated knowing they had « roof over their head every day. BIL To sum up, | fel that we, as a sociely, Should do all we can 10 help overcome the problems of homelessness, | hope my suagesions Frill encourage people to take postive action. FEL! am wating. about the serious problem of Ramelessness which seems to be affecting mote ond re people every day. | fimly believe tha steps must be taken immediately in order to deol wih tis issue [DL_JWhat is more, homeless people deserve 0 be provided with some kind of job taining. This would certainly give them confidence to find work in the future, In this way they would gain a sense of independence and become seltsufcient. Yours faithfully, —_——A F. Jones. Frederick Jones morlitor a mbled blish less over ciety, the tions m of h this ve to This work se of b) Replace the words/phrases in bold with the following: «in conclusion * secondly * consequently «first of al When we write @ later to the editor of o newspaper/ magazine fo discuss a problem ond make suggestions abou! i, we can divide it into four paragraphs. In the inttoduction, we slate the reson for writing the letter ‘ond our opinion abou! the topic. In the second and third poragraphs, we present our suggestions and their resuls. In the conclusion, we summarise or testate our opinion using differen! words. Letters to the editor are usually written in formal or semiforma! style 24 Write appropriate supporting sentences for the topic sentences below. 1 To begin with, we could have more car parks 2 Furthermore, we could provide more bins along the coast 3. What is more, we could encourage people to use public transport 25, Read the rubric and underline the key words, then answer the questions that follow. “Not enough is being done to help elderly People,” Write a eller 10 the editor of your local Newspaper stating your opinion abou! this problem ‘ond making suggestions abou! whal could be done * Do you agree with this statement? © Whot kinds of difficulties do you think the elderly have? Think about loneliness, difficulty in moving about, illnesses, etc ‘© What could be done fo solve these problems? ‘© What could be the result of these solutions? 26 Read the suggestions (1-3) and match them to the results (A-C), then write sentences using therefore, as a result or this means that, as in the example. There should be speciallyequipped, more frequent public transpar. ZT] leisure centres and lunch clubs should be established. 3]_] tocel supermarkets could provide o home delivery service A Eldetly people would be less anxious and stressed about shopping. They would probably hove a healthier diet B Elderly people would be able to get out, They wouldn't be housebound or feel isolated C Elderly people would have a social life and make friends. They would enjoy life more. 1-8 There should be specially-equipped, more frequent public transport. As a result, elderly people would be able to 97 Use the plan below and your answers in Exs. 25-26 to write your letter (120-180 words). You can use the letter in Ex. 23 as a model. Introduction (Para 1] se0son for vaiting and your opinion ‘Main Body (Paras 2:3) suggestions and results Conclusion {Final pare] summarise/testate your pinion 532 a} Look at the pictures. ‘Which items: do people | collect? ore used to play spor? are musical \] instruments? What are the most/least popular catvities in your country? A Healthy aes Mind in a Healthy Body Vocabulary 1) Look at the pictures and say which school subjects you enjoyed) most/least? b) Which of these subjects do you consider the most/least important? Why? {basketball hoop ita oat Cs Information Technology ‘Maths 2 {oy soldiers ~ Oog € el lg & Ee © football b) Talk about your favourite free-ime activity. Explain: * what its and why you like it * when you started * how much time you spend on i Chemistry 54c 4 painter d_ athletic, adventurous 43, Putthe words from the lis inthe corect column, then make sentences, as in the example. *# racquet # fennis # court # field * football # golf * table ® basebell * football boots # clubs * snooker # woter polo * cue * pool * course + swimming cop * pitch * baseball mit | Place: Equipment a aan = | Tennis is Flaped on a court. To play tennis you need a racquet «) Match the qualities (a-) to the people (1- 4), then make sentences, as in the example. fico: Quality 1 chess player \_ a athletic, graceful | 2 mounicineer > b potent, intligent 3 ballet dancer imaginotve, talented A chess player needs to be patient and intelligent. ) Mach the pastimes (1-4) to the descriptions (od), then ask and answer questions, as in the example. Pastime V chess a creative; takes o lot of oristc kil 2 mouniaineering fb a slow game; takes a lot of ‘hough! end concentration physically demanding; exciling bu! dangerous d_ physically demanding; move- 3. ballet (dancing) 4 painting | ments must flow smoothly 4: Why does @ chess player need to be patient and intelligent? Because chess is a slow game and it takes a lot of thought and concentration. Your friend wants to join the boxing club at school. However, you think that boxing is a violent and dangerous sport. Persuade him not fo join the boxing club. * fell him that you think its @ dangerous sport cond give reasons * disagree with his arguments * suggest on aliernative sport Fill in: sessions, active, compete, dedicated, referee, battle, concentrate, range, I'm going to the archery alter work fo practise for he tournament. Tracy is ala) athlete who spends hours every day working on her technique Come on - con the exercise and slop talking. I'm fighting o losing Lm never going to pass this esi! The team has three training every week, The blew his whislle ond the match began lucy has @ very lifestyle She plays several sports ond is involved in a umber of clubs Pete and Trevor always with each other ‘Complete each sentence with two to four words, including the word in bold. 1 don't like football keen | football Jenny and her mother both have blonde hai, blue eyes and e pale complexion, fakes Jenny mother The deniist said, “Il have fo remove the tooth.” out The dentist said that he would . the tooth. When Mr Grey lef, Peter was given his job as manager. fook When Mr Gey lel, Peter {95 monager. Qualified instructors are always available. to help you. hand There ore clways qualified instructors you 558 1 Circle the correct response. When did they set off? A: Before they left. B: Early this morning You must concentrate. A; Why nol? B: We'll ry They are such good players, how are we going to beat them? A: Hit them with the ball B: We'll do our best. We must keep up the pace A; itwon't be easy. B: Thank goodness i's over! Why did the coach tell us fo put our backs into it? ‘A: She's scored we'll hurt ourselves. B: She wants us to try harder. I'm expecting my sister to arrive soon ‘A: Why didn't she tell you she was coming? B: What time is she coming? Grammar Jason wants to ask some questions about o fitness centre. Turn them into reported ns, as in the example. How much does it cost 0 join? fKre there any changing Bo you have any special offers? Is the swimming hat facilities available? What are the Are the staff qualified? opening hours? He asked how much it cost to join the fitness centre. 56 10 9) Turn the following sentences into reported speech. 1 “OK, Richard, breathe out as you sit up,” said the trainer. The trainer told Richard to breathe out as he sat up. 2 "Keep your back straight,” said the instructor. 3 ‘Don't bend your knees!” said the coach. | ‘4. “Can you feel your stomach muscles tightening?" the petsonal trainer asked. 5 ‘Move on to the next exercise,” the aerobicd instructor said b) Use the prompts to ask and report questions, as in the example. 1 how much/squash courts/per hour? How much are the squash courts per hour? She asked how much the squash courts wer per howr. what time/gym/close? be/gym/open/at weekends? be /there/ sauna? be/gym/airconditioned? anon 1] book at the picture ‘and use the prompts to make as many exclamations as possible, as in the example. * nice/dress What a nice dress} How nice that dre’ In’s such a nice dt pretly/baby delicious /cake funny/hat lovely/presents * lovely view boaviful doy for hiking © clean airAenea aie! GE) oes) ean Kahonamoky opened the world’s fist surfing club in Waikiki, Howali, in 1920. The sport became more tand more popular and soon it was being practised all over the world. In 1960 the International Surfing Committee was formed and surfers began to take part in world championships. ie Many professional surfers train by running on the beach, bodybuilding and bodysurfing. Bodysurfing involves using your body 0s a surfboard and leting the waves carry you back to the shore. This helps to ie levelop a sense of balance as well as the confidence fo try more adventurous moves. : There are many great surfing locations all around the world. Hawaii, Australia and California are the most famous, but surfers can ‘catch a wave’ anywhere from Japan to Comwall. Experienced surfers are always searching for great waves in undiscovered places where they can find their own private paradise. Surfing is believed to have originated in the Pacific Ocean around the Islands of Polynesia. In order to get from their ships to the shore, Polynesian sailors are said to have ridden on a wooden board, the original surf board. However, this sport was only seen for the first time by English sailors less than 300 years ago.58 Listening 13 CyYou will hear four teenagers, Alison, Beatrice, Eric and Nadia, discussing their problems with Valerie, a radio talk show hostess. For questions 1-5, choose the best answer, A, B or C. 1 Alison's parents A don't core about her B are to0 oleHfashioned © don't like her appearance. 2 Beatrice’s schoolmates bully her because .. A they are bored B. she's 0 good student C of her appearance. 3. Valerie tells Eric A 0 slop studying for o while B nol to worry so much C to go ona diet. 4. Nadia is upset with her sister because A she doesn't talk to her B they shore a room C she's very messy. 5 Yolerie advises Nadia to A discuss the problem again. B change rooms C borrow her sister's clothes Communication (asking for information about a course) 14 a) Use the prompts to complete the dialogue. * That sounds perfect * Would you like ime to * Could you tell me * Can | help you * How do | opply A; Hello ~ Bradbury Community Colege 1) 2 B: Yes, I'm interested in fog your Computer Studies course. 2) what courses are available? A; Well, we have o certificate course that takes three months, and a diploma that iokes « year B: Is the certificate course fullime or porhiime? A: |’ parttime. There are classes every Monday, Tuesday and Thursday evening from 6 to 9 pm B: 3) Sossnnnnnnnnenns oo How much does it cost? SE > Ws £360, plus the cost of materials Well, ifsc litle expensive, but | suppose | can afford ih. A) oo 7 5) ce send you an application form? Thal would be great! b) In pairs, use the prompts to act out a similar dialogue. * Business Management ® introductory course, © 2 months * advanced course * 2 years «fulltime # every doy from 10 am - 2 pm *# £500 plus cos! of books # further details Writing (a letter giving advice) 15. 4) Read the rubric and the letter below and put the paragraphs in order. J Your fiend has written you o letter explaining that she has just moved into o | new neighbourhood, where she is having | trouble getting to know people, She asks | you for advice on how to improve the situation. Wiite a letie in reply ond sugges! woys in which she con meet new — people.2 Icon 2 form? course toa aving asks b} Read the leer again and complete the table. Then use your notes to make suggestions. Suggestion Reason join some kind of club meet other people o your own age 17 Read the rubric and the table, and match the suggestions tothe reasons. Then make full sentences, using the useful language in Ex. 16. Your pen friend wants to get a parttime job this summer but doesn’t know how to find one, so she has written to you for advice. Write a letter in reply giving advice about how to look for @ parttime job. When we write an informal letter of advice, we stat with Dear. In the first paragraph, we express sympathy, then say that we undersland the problem and/or that we think we can help. In the main body [paras 2-3), we make our suggestions, giving reasons and/or exomples. We wrile each suggestion in o separate paragraph, In the last paragraph, we wile our closing remarks. We end our latter with Good luck/ love/ete ond our first name. 16 Use these phrases to give advice on the following situations. Useful language * If were you/in your position, I'd/I would | wouldn't Why don't you .. ? Another good idea is to The best thing you can do is Have you ever thought of/about ... ? You should/shouldn’t * This would mean that Thot way, IF you do this, As resuh, For example, 1 1ve put on weight 3 don't know what to do now that I've telired Vim new to this school and hoven’? got any friend: Suggestion Reason basinesses loking for po ‘ime employees with your ualiicalions can conto! you | look in the employment section ofthe néwwspaper | companies ihe counsellors can help you decide which jobs would suit you send your CV to different | Tind out about the parttime jobs which ore available in your local area ‘get advice fram your local job centro 18 Write a eter of advice to your pen friend (120-180 words}. Use the plan below cand two of the suggestions in Ex. 17 to help you. You can use the letter in Ex. 15 8 a model. Dear Introduction (Para 1) express sympathy and say you can help ‘Main Body (Pore 2) 1st suggestion and reason/example 2nd suggestion and reason/example [Para 3) Conelusion (Pore 4) closing remarks Good luck/love/ete, fits! name)Our Changing World Vocabulary Match the people to their achievements, then use the verbs to ask and answer questions, 4s in the example. 1 Alec Jeffreys A the light bulb 2 Alexander B the city of Fleming Alexondria 3. Bill Gates © DNA tesis 4. Thomas Edison D the Windows 5 Alexander computer program the Great E penicillin © invent © discover * devise * pioneer * found 51: Who pioneered DNA tests? $2: | think it wos Alec Jeffreys. $1: That's right. 2. The objects below were used in the pas. What has replaced them today? Make sentences, as in the example. What other things can you think of that have been replaced in this way? 1p 4 eandle typewriter ‘sundial broom’ In the past, people used candles. Nowadays, we use light bulbs. 60 3. Use the words below to complete the sentences. + record # userfriendly * kept # broke « install © lead * plug * build 1 If we had a list of the things we needed to pack, we wouldn't have forgotten our swimsuits. 2 I'd better start soving now, or I'll be by Christmas. 3. Jane Goodall was one of the first zoologist fo data on chimpanzees living in the wild 4. Who's going to . the next expedition down the Amazon River? 5 Lucy is going to the new washing machine herself, instead of calling o plumber. 6 The bank’s new cashpoint system is very 7 Joe used recycled materials to «robo! for his science project 8 You have to you turn it on! it in before 4. How has life changed in the last 100 years? Match the pictures and make sentences, as in the example. 1-C A hundred years ago, people travelled in wogons. Nowadays, we travel by car. 5gs we gotten gists to ving in the 2 ashing amber. 3 very before rears? 5, a, 5 Circle the correct response. 1 As This is my third parking licket in o week B: a Good grief! b Isn't it wonderful? 2 A: Lwish | knew how fo play the piano B: a Why not? b Well, ifs never oo late fo learn 3. A: Whal would you lke fo do on Sunday? B: a That's really up fo you b | wish | felt beter 4. A: Whats wrong with you? B: a That's the problem. b I'm fed up. 5. A; I foigot to call the travel agency. B: a Oh well, never mind b That's great idea! 6 A; I'm sure you've taken my favourite skit. B: a It wos great! b. What do you mean? 6 Complete each sentence with two to four words, including the word in bold. 1 While | was reading the newspaper | saw, by chonce, an article about an old friend of mine came — While | was reading the newspaper | about an old friend of mine 2 How long did it take you to regain consciousness after the operation, Sue? come How soon alter the operation did , Sue? 3 She inherited a small fortune after her uncle's death came —Afer her uncle's death, « small fortune. 4 Did you say anything when the subject of a pay rise was mentioned again? come Did you say anything when the subject of a again? 5 Even though I'm careful, | always catch the flu in the winter come | always flu in the winter, even though I'm careful [Agreeing 7 Using expressions from the box below, act cout dialogues for the sitvations (1-3), as in the example. *# Yes, you're quite/absolu'ely right + Yes, | couldn't agree with you more! + Well, | suppose you may/could be right. Disagresing lagree up to a point, but | think I'm ofoid | can'/don't agree with you | think you're wrong, Lhink it would be a mistake (to. ‘Asking for and giving Advice * What would you do in my place/if you were! me? @ Do you think | should ... ? | © Have you thought of ... ? © What about ... ? Why don't you ... ? © If | were you, I'd | think/don't think you shouldGrammar 8 What would you advise these people to do? Use the prompts to make sentences, as in the example. * have/apple * ask/teacher/help * toke/toxi * send/email * put/ad/local paper * stop/eat/tally foods 1A: I'm so hungry! B: IF were you, I'd have an apple. 2. A: I'd like to lose some weight B 3. A: | need an assistant B 4 A: I'm late for work. B 5. A:| can't reach Tim on the phone. 8 6 A:| don't know what to do for my history project. ct J Join the sentences, as in the example 1 Ifyou studied hard, A. she wouldn't order your exams. F he wouldn't be broke. 2 ithe didn’t waste fakeaways all he money, time. 3 fl won the lottery, |B we wouldn't go on 4 If she knew how to comping holidays. cook, © she would enjoy 5 Ifshe were o sporty \ watching football. | person, D | would stop | 6 IFwe didn’t like working | camping, E you would pass | | 1-E Ifyou studied hard, you would pass your exams. () Read the text below, then use the third conditional to make sentences, as in the example. The night before her driving test Sarch went to bed at 2:00 am. The fallawing morning, Sarah woke up at 10:00, missed the bus to the driving school and arrived late forthe test As a result, she didn’t do well in the driving test cond didn’t get a driving licence. So she had to take the test again. 62 Sl: If Sarah hadn't gone to bed at 2:00 am the night before her driving test, she wouldn't have woken, up at 10:00 the following morning. 2: If Sarah hadn't woken up ... etc. 11] Look at the pictures and speech bubbles, then complete the wishes, as in the example. should have been more careful. 1 I wish I had been more careful. Vive got to fix the the soil ogain Jonny is alwoys late Fve got to walk the dog every day. the correct word. 12 Und 1 No/None of my brothers have entered the competition 2 Nor/Both Mary and Susan work for the health centre 3 AII/No of our employees have atiended a computer course. 4 Were Hamlet ond The Tempest all/both writen by Shokespeare? 5 None/Neither Jenny nor Carol took the post they were offered 13. Make true sentences about yourself and your friends, as in the example, Both John and | are quite tall. Neither John nor Tim are the same age as me.re nigh Complete the sentences. igh 1,4, Compl 4 If she studied more, 6 He wouldn't have had the accident if wokey 5 Fl werent so tred, 1 Our neighbourhood would be ¢ lot safer if 2 Ihhe hadn't behaved rudely, 7 you needed the money, 7 3. Id iavel round the world if B She would have helped you i ample, Reading 15 J Whois your favourite singer/group? What type of music do they play? 1 been b) Read the article below and circle the correct answer. ul, Gloria Estefan was born in Havana, Cuba, in 1957. At a young age, she had to look after her sick father and younger sister while her mother worked and attended night school, There was little time for a social life, so Gloria found peace and strength in playing the guitar and singing. Gloria attended Miami University in 1975 and dreamed of becoming a psychologist. Whilst there, the shy, overweight and serious young woman joined a Cuban-American group called The Miami Latin Boys, later renamed Miami bee Machine, Under the guidance of the The rade group's leader, Emilio Estefan (whom she later 1 When Gloria was young ee A she looked after her older sister. B she atlended night school reall © she looked alier her sick mother. 4 D she reloxed by playing the guitar and singing, 2 While ot university, Gloria A. was shy ond slim B dreamed of becoming fomous pos! C joined a group called The Miami Latin Boys D only wanted to have fun 3. Miami Sound Machine your A changed their name to The Miami Latin Boys B used Gloria's songs and dance routines in their act C ‘released their frst album in 1989. D was led by Gloria's brother, Emilio Estefan married), Gloria grew into a confident and sleek performer, adding dance routines as well as her ‘own songs and ballads to the group’s act. Eventually she released her first solo album, Cuts Both Ways, in 1989. While on tour in 1990, Gloria was almost killed in a road accident. Hours of surgery were necessary to straighten her spine after she suffered a broken and dislocated vertebra in her back. A year of physical therapy, strength of will, and great support from her many fans helped her make a miraculous comeback. One year later, Gloria was again recording chart-topping albums. The fact that Gloria has remained loyal to her bi-cultural upbringing makes her enormously popular. Her talent for writing and performing emotional ballads has brought her unrivalled fame and success. With over 45 million records sold, she remains the best-selling, most popular crossover performer in Latin music history. Sean Gloria A had twelve months of physical therapy ater her acciden B was cured by o miracle. C never recovered from her accident D broke both her legs in o road accident. ¢) Read the article again and make conditional type 3 sentences, as in the example. If Gloria hadn't looked after her father and sister, she would have had time for a social life. 6364 Communication (a formal telephone conversation) 16 4) Use the prompts to complete the dialogue. © Would you like to leave a message * Hold on a moment # How can |help you * May I ask who's calling Karen: Bryant and Pariners ~ Karen speoking y a lyn: Good morning. Could | speck 10 the manager, please? Karen: 2] 2 lyn: lyn Taylor. Karen: 3) . please Wl put you through, (pause) I'm sory, Ms 4 Taylor, but he's talking on another line ot the moment. 4) 2 lyn: No, thank you. Ill eall back later. b) In pairs, act out simi replacing the words in bold below. dialogues, th the prompls * director / Mark Jones / Just tell him I called * sales manager / Sue Carter / I'll hold Listening 17 QYou will hear five people talking about The most important inventions of the 20th century. Listen, and circle the reasons they give for their choices. 1 Internet 2. you can find information on any topic b people con communicate cheaply and easily 2 Aeroplane a mote people have the chance to travel b travel is much easier 3 Computer ©. provides entertainment and education b improves people's working lives, CDs 4a. you can store o lot of music on a small disc b you get better quality of sound 5 Spaceships {2 we can leain about oiher planets b we can discover new resources i Writing (an article advertising a place} 18 a) Read the article, then choose the heading which best suits each paragraph. Bron A 1 An Iniemational Camp 2 A Space Comp B 1 Spend o Week with on Astronaut 2 Camp Activities C 1 Don't Miss Out! 2 Travel in Space! filed summer camp where young leam all about spoce, With 15 locotions worldwide, there is sure to be a location to suit you. 8 > At Space Camp Iniernational, you con spend a week taining to be on ostonau. You will experience the freedom of moving and waking in low gravity, feel the excitement of fying the space simulator and take pat in challenging simulated space mission. You will even e: apace food which sspecioly prepared ond sleep in he) space sleeping quartets, jus like 0 real astronaut! I al this isnot enough, Space Camp Intentional aso offers special excursions. You can visit an observatory and look, al the stars, oF you can take tips to local places of ino aand find out more about the area Gre 4 | Bm If you have some free time this summes, and you ‘want fo experience the magic of space travel, come to Spoce Camp Iniernaional. You'll have the time of your lfel Visit our website at www. spacecamp.com for more details. \nga b) Now answer the following questions, Where would you find ths kind of advertisement? Who is going fo read this advertisement? Ip the slyle formal or informal? What does the writer include in each paragraph? Which technique hos the writer used in the introduction? « thetorical question « oddressing the reader directly © direct speech 6 Does the writer recommend the place? How? arena 19 Join the sentences below, using the words in brackets. 1 Isa fantastic camp. Young people can learn all bout computers there. where) 2 You can even build o robo! or eyberpet. I's yours to take home. (which) 3 You can visit places of local interest. You can go whitewater rating. for) 4. You will enjoy a wide range of activities. You will hove the chance fo go on excursions. {and} 5\ There are so many grea! activities. You're sure to find something you enjoy. (With) When we write an article advetising @ place, we usually divide i inlo three paragraphs. We should give each paragraph o suitable heading. In the first Paragraph, we write the nome of the place, ils location ond who the place is suitable for. In the second paragraph, we wile about the aciivlies and/or excursions olfered. In the last paragraph, we ‘rte & recommendation and give a contact number or address. We use @ varily of adjectives and complex Senlences to make our article interesting fo the reader. Ms 20 Read the advertisement, then answer the questions. « Tooking for ‘= design your own, something web page exciting to do « produca a 8D ‘this summer? ‘animation film « interested in computers? ‘AND MORE! © aged 7-187 * enjoy a variety of sports and CYBERCAMPS - 13 cares locations across sickest Her ek, teom-buiding activities * leam how to EXCURSIONS! create your own «visit places of computer game local interest * build a robot or * go white-water cyberpet rafting Tee a ed find the location nearest you! ‘What is he nome of he comp? Where isi located? Who is the camp suitable for? What can you do there? How would you begin/end an article advertising this camp? 5. What heading would you give each poragraph of he article? Rene 21 Write an article advertising Cybercamps (120-180 words). Use the plan below and your answers in Ex. 20. You can use the article in Ex. 18a as a model. Introduction. (Para 1} name and location of place/ who it is suitable for Main Body (Para 2} activities excursions offered ‘Conclusion [Para 3) recommendation and contact number/address66 ON GRq se %, 2 Present Simple ‘Affirmative: | | play. You play. He plays. ec Aa nanotases Negative: | | don't play. You don’t ploy. He doesn't play. etc Interrogative: | Do | play? Do you play? Does he play? etc Short answers: | Yes, | do. Yes, you do. Yes, he does. etc No, | don't. No, you don't. No, he doesn’t. ete Spelling: 3rd person singular affirmative ‘+ Most vetbs take -s in the third person singular. feat — he eats * Verbs ending in -ss, -sh,-ch, ~x oF -0 take -es | miss ~ he misses, | wash — he washes, | watch he watches, | mix he mixes, | go ~ he goes * Verbs ending in a consonant + y drop the -y and take “es, lory-he cries but I play ~ he plays Pronunciation +8018 in the third person singular is pronounced + /s/ with vetbs ending in /t/, /k/, /p/, or /V/ sounds, e.g. he works © /iz/ with verbs ending in /s/, /I/, /11/, /d3/, or /2/ sounds, e.g. he faces + /z/with verbs ending in all other sounds, e.g. he buys Use We use the present simple for: * daily routines. | caich the bus fo work at 7 o'clock every day. * repeated actions, He cleans ihe house every week * habits. She usvally stays at home on Sundays. ‘permanent states. He works in a bank * Timetables, itineraries. The train leaves at 7 o‘clock Time expressions used with the present simple: every hour/day/week/month/summer/year/etc, usualy, clways, every moming/akemnoon/evening/ nigh, in the morning/offernoon/evening, ct noon, at night Adverbs of Frequency * We ofen use adverbs of frequency with the present simple. Adverbs of fequency tell us how offen something happens. These are: ahvays (100%, usually (75%), often [50%], sometimes (25%, seldom (10%, never [0%) * Advetbs of frequency come before the main verb (arnt, play, eat, ec), but after auxiliary verbs (have, de, can, will etc) and the verb to be. Steven always goes to school by bus. Mary seldom goes to the cinema. lucy doesn’t usually go fo bed late. Paula can never beat Ross at chess. Do you offen visit your grandparents? He is never late for work —_——_Present Continuous ‘Affirmative: | I'm playing. You're playing. He's playing. eic Negative: | I'm not playing. You aren't playing, He isn’t playing. ete Interogative: | Am | playing? Are you playing? Is he playing? ete Short answers: | Yes, | am. Yes, you are. Yes, he is. etc No, I'm not. No, you aren't. No, he isn't. ete Spelling ‘+ Most verbs add -ing ofter he base form of the main verb, iell- telling, catch — coiching, stay - staying * With verbs ending ine, we drop the -e and add -ing, write — wrting, ive — living * With verbs ending in a vowel + consonant, we double the consonant and add “ng. hit = biting, cut ~ cutting * With verbs ending in ie, we change the -ie to -y and add -ing. die ~ dying Use We use the present continuous for: © actions happening now, at the moment of speaking. She's talking on the phone now: * actions happening around the time of speaking, Peter is slaying at his hiend's these days. * fixed arrangements in the near future, especially when we know the time and the place. 1'm flying to Paris tomorrow. Time Expressions used with the present continuous: now, ct the moment, at present, these days, tomorrow, etc Stative verbs ore verbs which do not normally have continuous tenses because they describe a state rather than an action. Some of them are: have (= possess}, like, love, hate, want, know, remember, forget, understand, think, believe, need, smell, see, cos, etc have a red dress. NOT: | am-heviag-a red dress.) ‘She loves windsurfing. (NOT: She telovieg- windsurfing, | Some siative verbs have continuous tenses, but there is 0 difference in meaning, Study the following examples: * She has a blue bicycle. [= possesses) She’s having breaktast at the moment. {= is eating) * I think she's @ very clever girl. = believe) 1'm thinking about moving to a bigger ft. (= am considering) * The soup smells awful. (= has on awiul smell) He is smelling the flower. (= is sniffing) * I can s9@ 0 bird in the tree. (= perceive with my eyes) I'm seeing the doctor this afternoon. [= am meeting) SSreeereesmneeceenRelatives Relative pronouns (who/which/whose/that) people who/that 1 things/onimals| which/that * Relative pronouns (who, which, whose, tha) introduce relative clauses. We use relative clauses to identily/describe the person or thing in the main sentence. The man|who is sitting nex! lo melis my brother. relative clause possession | whose © We use who/that instead of subject pronouns |, you, he, etc] to refer to people. # The gil who/that won fist prize in the competion iso, rend of mine Ls * We use which//hat to refer fo objects or animals va The tree which/that is in the gorden is very tall cc © Who/Which/That cannot be omitted when it is the subject of the relative clause; that is, when there is not @ noun or subject pronoun between the relative pronoun and the verb: 2 J met o woman. \Shelis 0 hairdresser I met @ woman Le is a hairdresser. (The relative pronoun is the subject © Who/Which/That can be omitled when itis the object of the relative clause; that is, when there is a noun or subject pronoun between the relative pronoun and the verb. That's the man. | sawhimlon TV. That's the man (who/that] | saw on TY. (The relative pronoun is the object.) ‘© We use whose instead of possessive adjectives {my, your, his, etc) with people, objects and animals to show possession That's the woman whose doughler is a ballet dancer. * A relative pronoun is not used with another pronoun | {L you, me, him, etc}. 3 The dog whichis black is Brian's Defining/Non-defining relative clauses * A defining relative clause gives necessary information and is essential to the meaning of the main sentence. The relative pronoun can be omitted when it isthe object of the relative clause We never put the relative clause in commas. People who/that park illegally will get o parking ticket. (Which people? Those who park illegally. The bicycle [which/that | got for my birhday is red. (Which bicycle? The one | got for my birthday d + Anomdefining relative clause gives extra information, but is not essential to the meaning of the main sentence. In a nor-defining relative clause the relative pronoun cannot be omitted and cannot be replaced by that. The relaive clause is always put in commas Sarah's cor, which is parked outside, is really expensive. As — like * We uso as + noun to say what somebody or * We use like + noun/pronoun/-ing form to something really is show that two people or things are similar or She works as a teacher in a private school. share some of the same qualities * We use the verbs feel, look, smell, taste + He swims lke o dolphin. like + noun, Our house is very small it's nothing Ike theirs My brother looks lke Ewan McGregor. The new video game is very realistic; i's Ike This orange juice tastes like vinegar! flying 0 veal aeroplane. Saanich eal ae 68© Present Simple — Present Continuous 1 Wiite the third person singular ofthe verbs in the list and put them in the correct box, as in the example. «© show # fly # wish # slay * shout © Jouch # do # look * ity * apply * lay * say +8 shows, 35, sh, -ch, ~, 0 + @s ‘vowel +y +5 [consonant + y ies 2. Add -ing to the verbs in the list and put them in the correct box, as in the example. © work ® give ® lie * go ® tie ® buy ® wn * share * diop * die # operie © set i working, hie y + ing drop e + ing double consonant + ing 3. Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or present continuous. 1A: What 1) {you/do)? 8:12) (plant) flowers A 3) lyou/work} in the gorden every weekend? B: No. | usually 4) (meet) my fiends. 2 A: Where 1) (you/ go}? B: To the supermarket. | 2} [need] 1o do some shopping, A: 3) {you/want) me fo give you a lift? B: Oh, yes, please: 3 AI) {you/ wait} for the train 1o London’? B: Yes. I 2) (ortive] in fen minutes ‘A: Oh, good! B: 3) (you/live} in London? A: No. | 4) {go} there on business. eon oe, J ~~; A a) Look at the information, then talk about the person. © Mis lyness ~ university piotessor * work from 9 to 4 * always have lunch ct campus restaurant * prepare o lecture now © travel to France in two weeks b) In pairs, ask and answer questions, as in the exampl A: What does Mrs Lyness do? B: She's a university professor. 5 Put the adverbs of frequency in the correct position, as in the example. 1 My parents don't go out to dinner. (usually) My parents don’t usually go out fo dinner. 2 Angie is on time for work. (always) 3. Does Dave study in the library? (often) 4 Peter dives to the city cente. (seldom) 5 Rosie and Frank travel abroad. (sometimes) 6 Mike forgets to feed his dog. {never} 6 Make true sentences about yourself. What do you always/never/usvally/sometimes/ rarely/offen do: on Saturday afternoons? on Friday mornings? in winter? Look at Mary's diary for the next three days. Use the prompts to ask and answer questions, as in the example. ‘Mon 8th Tues 9th Wed 10th © 100m ballet [* 3 pm haircut | * vist Grandma lesson afternoon | * 6 pm meet shopping with] brother for Mum dinner Is Mary having a ballet lesson on Tuesday? B: No, she isn't. She’s having a ballet lesson on Monday, 69re —-—HaH,,, oo" Cray, ay * 8 Look atthe pictures, then use the prompts to © Relatives cask and answer questions, as in the example. 10 Fill in who, which or whose, then say whether or not the relative pronoun can be omitted, as in the examples. Whot/they/do/every Saturday morning? _,\ <<’ 1 Mr Bennett is the man who lives next door to me, (cannot be omitted) 2 Those are the keys which | am looking for. {can be omitted 3. That's the woman whose daughter is a film stor {cannot be omitied| aff Steve/work on the 4 This is the skirt Mary gave me. Sts 5. Sarah is the girl parents work abroad, 6 These are the flowers | planied go =) in the garden. 7 lee is the boy is in my brother's class. Sarah/play tennis/ 8 This is the house \ want fo buy. Sundays? 9 That is the man office i ‘Whal/Peter/do/ opposite mine. every morning? _;° 10 Carol is the woman painted this picture. ]] Look at the pictures and make sentences, as in the example. John/pick flowers/at ~, the moment? e 1A: What do they do every Saturday morning? B: They go fishing. Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or present continuous. Dear Susie, Than fore yours, deer ail sears! 1) srevnenenonoonone (HOVE) t0 hear YOUr NEWS. Ja the moment, 1 2) ornnnevsrnsnse (ook) for a new job. !3) = (need) 2 job that 4) crear (BOY) TOKE money than the one | have now. De Seige tances (OWN), several havispepers every day and 6) vn vas (read) them | Carefully 10. see Hf there 7) wrnranonervrnanene (DE) Carty to ob adverinemens, I never . ae _. (find) anything, though! ; ve thi) of Se see one gone on bldoy” My tend Cloke Fo ao rnnnen (go) to France next month cuineiy eeee (want) me 9.90 re anee ace eee ON “iad, but she hates gong alone. ; Trl tata my news for now Wie back som! 1 A microscope is something (which) we use '0 fon see finy objects 70 *- ” Love,nbe to me mitted) mild) \ str. nied) ve me vrood lanted in my > buy. fice is ainted yas 7] 12. Underline the correct item. 1 He's the boy who's/whose got a motorbike 2 That’ the woman who's/whose sister works for me 3. Thats the gitl who's/whose an excellent singer. She's he woman who's/whose porly we went to. 5. Tha’ the mon who's/whose got a Ferrari. Complete each sentence with two to four words, including the word in bold, as in the example. 1 George is 0 lawyer. His office is located in london whose George is o lawyer whose office is located in London 2 Susan is a hotel receptionist, She likes to help people. who Susan, receptionist, likes to help people. 3 John decided to call about the position of estate agent. Iris a fulHime job. which John decided to coll about the position of « fulltime job 4. That is the woman, Her brother is a very cieative florist whose That isthe woman «very creative florist 5 He has a wellpaid job. It requires excellent technicol sil. which He has a wellpaid job skills © As - Like 4 Underline the correct item. John works as/Iike o policemen She looks as/like a film star. Cindy swims as/like o fish Peter has got a job as/like a mechanic: No one can paint as/like Van Gogh, He looks exactly as/like Tom Cruise She runs as/like the wind, Nousono PREPOSITIONS ‘angry with sb about sth | argue with sb about sh apologise lo sb for sth | bored with apply to sb for sth borrow sth from sb approve of busy with 15 Fill in the gaps using the phrases from the table, as in the example. 1 You can't argue with Mike about his decisions He's very stubborn. 2 I need to . some money David before | go to the cinema 3 "I'm very Steve.” “Why?* "Oh, I'm something he said," 4 Jane wants lo the Evening Fost the position of secretary 5. Don't disturb Mum, She is the arrangements for the dinner party. 6 Clare doesn’t people who smoke 7 You must . lucy forgetting her bisthday, 8 lam ‘his programme. le¥’s watch something else PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES: ‘agains the law at times at least ot once at the age of ot war at the same time 16 Fill in the gaps using the phrases from the table above, as in the example. 1 Both the doorbell and the phone rang at the some lime 2 When you heor the alam, you must leave the building 3 A lot of children leave schoo! . sixteen 4 When two countries are everyone suffers. 5 Ittakes two hours to drive to London. 6 itis to dhive 6 cor without a licence. 7 Carol is kind, but she can be impatient 7172 a QS oN GR, Steam, % a Past Simple (Regular/Irregular verbs} Affirmative: _|/You/tie/etc walked. Negative: |/You/He/etc didn't wak Interrogative: Did I/you/he/etc walk? Short answers: Yes, |/you/he/ele did. No, I/you/he/ete didn't. Speling: Past Simple affirmative of regular verbs We add -d to verbs ending ine. | live -+ I lived With verbs ending in @ consonant + y, we drop the -y and add-ied. I ry -* I tied With verbs ending in a vowel + y, we add -ed. I play ~* | played With verbs ending in one stressed vowel between two consonants, we double the last consonant and add -ed. / drop ~ | dropped # For verbs ending inl, we dovble the I and add -ed. ! cancel -+ I cancelled regular verbs For he pas! simple form of inegular verbs see list of inegular verbs on p. 128. Use We use the past simple: for on aciion which happened at a definite time in the past. The time is staled, already known or implied, Bob bought « new car last month, [The time is sioted.] + for actions which happened immediately one affer the other in the post First he took o shower and then he went to bed. * for past habits or states which are now: finished. In such cases we can also use the expression used fo, ‘My grandmother read/used fo read me bedtime stories when | wos litle. {past habit] Time expressions used with the past simple: yesterdoy, yesterday momning/evening/ete, last night/ week etc, two weeks/a month ago, in 1984. Past Continuous ‘Affirmative: I was sudying. You were studying. He wos studying. etc Negaliver | wasn't studying. You weren't studying. He wasn't studying. etc interrogative: Was | studying? Were you studying? Was he studying? etc Short answers: Yes, | wos. Yes, you were. Yes, he was. el No, I wasn't, No, you weren't. No, he wasn't. ete Use We use the pas! continuous: ® for an aclion which was in progress at a stated time in the past. We do not mention when the ociion started or finished. AI eight o'clock yesterday evening Tom and Mark were doing their homework. (We do not know when they started or stopped doing their homework. ————+ [or a past action which was in progress when another action interupted it. We use the past continvous for the action in progress (longer action) and the past simple for the action which interrupted it |shorter action}. He was exercising when he felt « sharp pain in his lower back for wo or more actions which were happening af the same time in the past (simultaneous actions} Sarah was watching TV while | was reading novel + fo give background information in a story belore we describe the main events The band was playing and the people were singing and dancing, wihen we arrived a! he concert Time expressions used with the past continuous: while, when, 0s, all doy/nighi/moming, all day yesterday, ele Order of Adjectives © Opinion adjectives (good, ugly, etc) go before fact adjectives (big, small, yellow, ete} That's a beautiful red dress. ‘© When there are two or more adjectives of the same category, the more general adjeciive comes before the more specific one. a nice polite lady * We say the fist three months {NOT the Jhree-est months), the last hwo hours, ofc Opinion Fact Adjectives ‘Adjectives| size | age | shape | colour | origin | material | used for/be about | noun Wsa) nice | small old square | white | Italien [wooden dinner table. Time Clauses Time words such as when, while, before, after, until are used 10 inkioduce time clauses * We don't use future after fime words. We use the present simple or the present perfect instead when we are talking about the future. Don't forge! to lock the door when you leave. Compare: When ! get home, {Il call you. (when is « time word in the example, so it is not followed by a verb in o future form) BUT: When will she be back? (when is © question word in this exomple) * When the time clause comes before the main clause, we separate the two clauses with a comma While she was hanging out the washing, it started raining, * We don't use © comma when the time clause comes alter a main clause 1 storied raining while she was hanging ou! the washing Possessives Possessive Adjectives Possessive adjectives show: [Singular | Plural | _* ‘et someting belongs o somebody. a et This is my bed! ay ou «the relationship belween lwo or more people your your they cay eee | fee | ee © We put possessive adjectives before nouns. | This is my book. 7374 ag ‘eS: Possessive Pronouns Possessive pronouns show: See that something belongs to someone. They do not take a noun offer them. mine ours (Compare: This is their room. possessive adjective} yours yours It is theirs. [possessive pronoun} his hers } theirs * There if no possessive pronoun for “it”. Possessive Case ‘We can use the possessive case fo show that @ noun or group of nouns belongs to somebody. This can be formed with ‘s/s! or with “of Possessive with ‘s/s' We form this by: | © adding ‘s to singular nouns [person or animal) | That is Paul's coat # adding ' to regular plural nouns the boys" school. * adding ‘s to irregular plural nouns which don't end in s/es. | the children’s toys. Possessive with “of” We form this with © of + the nome of o thing the banks ofthe river # of + postessive case/possessive pronoun Thor's o friend of Many’. fone of Mary's friends) I've got a book of yours. fone of your books} We clso use ’s with phrases of place or time ct the chemist’, today’s paper, wo weeks’ holiday Relative Adverbs Where, when ond why are relative adverbs and can introduce relative clauses. © Where is used to refer to place, usually after nouns like house, hotel, street, town, county, etc. con be replaced by which/that + preposition. In this cose, which/that can be omitled The shop where he works is near my house. The shop which/thal) he works in is near my house. © When is used to refer to time, usually ofter nouns like time, period, moment, day, summer, elc. |i can either be omitied or replaced by that. 1940 was the year (when/that) the second World War started. © Why is used to give reason, usvally ofter the word reason. It can either be omitted or replaced by that The reason (why/ihat the teacher punished Tom wos that he was very rude eee¢ Past Simple - Past Continuous o} Put the verbs in brackets into the past 1 Pas simple. James and his friends 1) {decide} jogo camping on the mountainside for the weekend. There 2) {be) o few of them so they 3] {need} two tents. They 4) (spend) most of Friday evening packing their equipment. The friends had often camped out on the mmouniain and 5) (know) the path to the top very well. The site they 6} {choose} 1 (be) at the base of a steep cliff By the time they 8) (arrive) atthe site they wore very lited so they 9) (put) up their tents, ond then 10)...» (res unl lunchtime. Jomes 11) {light the two stoves and 12}... (cook) them all some food. Ii was sill quite early when they 13) {gol o bed. They 14} LWake) up ust offer midnight becouse of loud thunder. The sound of rain 15} wsnseseeseseesenn en Op) them awake, so they 16) (si) up for the test of the night, In the morning the storm 7) (pass). The boys were finally able 1o enjoy their comping weekend b) Now use the verbs from the text to complete the table below. d ed double cons. + ed ittegular verbs 2. Read the sentences below and use where, when, who and what to write questions for the ‘answers given in bold, as in the example. 1 William Shakespeare was born in England, in 1564, Where was William Shakespeare born? in England. When was William Shakespeare born? In 1564. Who was bom in England in 1564? Shakespeare. ON Ra, 7 Awe Cinderella lost her glass slipper atthe ball Sarah went to Mexico last July Mary Shelley wrote “Frankenstein’ in 1818. RON 3 What did you do: last Sunday? on your last birthday? last summer? when you got out of bed this morning? after school/work yesterday? ‘A, Use the prompts to ask and answer questions, as in the example. 1 go abrood-on holiday/lost yeor/slay here A: Do you usvally go abroad on holiday? B: Yes, | do. A: Did you go abroad last year? 8B: No, | didn’t. | stayed here. 2 go to gym/yesterday/stay home 3 wolk your dog in the ofternoon/yesterday afiernoon/have to work late 4. drive to work/this morning/eateh the bus 5, Look at Lia's timetable, then ask and answer questions, as in the example. 8:00- 8:30 get dressed 8:30- 9:00 eat breakfast 9:30- 10:30 have history lesson } 10:30- 11:30 play football in the playground 11:30- 12:00 _ work on the computer 12:00- 14:00 have biology lesson in the laboratory 14:00- 16:00 study in the library 16:00 - 16:30 go home 4 listen to music A: What was Lia doing ot 8:15 this morning? B: She was getting dressed. 6 What were you doing: at this time yesterday? at 10 o'clock last night? at 7 o'clock this morning? in July two years ago? 75“en Ray 7 ey* 7 Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple ot past continuous, then use the prompts to write questions for the answers. (recover) in a al yesterday after he was attacked By er | ‘Alan James 2) (have) | his line elsewhere. As he 5) walk) close to the lake's ise) from its nest a Bar no. 76 flap) its wings at Mr James, rm because of the attack. chester Lake but 3) luck, so he 4) 5) ‘edge, the swan 6) -- ind furiously 7) who 8 . (suffer) a broken (fall) and 9) . ‘ ah eS homme 1 Where/Alan James/fish? A B: At Borchester Lake 2 What/decide/to do? A B: To cast his line elsewhere. 3 Where/swan/rise from? A B: Its nest Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple ere or past continuous. What 1) {you/do] when the robbery 2} (lake) place? 13) [stand] in the queue What 4) thappen) nex!? Two men 5] (push) their way fo the front. One of them 6] {hold) « gun Then what 7} {the men/do]? They 8) (order the coshier fo give them he money. How 9) Ipolice/find out} about the robbery? Well, the cashier 10) {set off] the olorm while the robbers 11] (put) the money in a bog {happen} {arrive}? And what 12) when the police 13) The man with the gun 14} (drop) i, but it wasn’t a real gun after all it was @ plastic one © Order of adjectives 9 Putthe adjectives in he correct order. 1 She bought . (gloss /lovely/small] vase at the market 2 John’s got a (German /ted/big) car 3. Jane was wearing 0 {sttiped/long/cotton) dress. 4 He decided to throw away the {square /wooden/ cheap) coffee table 5 Peters works in a {concrete /modemn/iall) office block Describe the things you have got in your bag, «3s in the example, I’ve got a purple leather pencil case. © Time clauses 11] Use when, while, after, before and until t0 join the sentences, as in the example. 1 They watched the |_| was on holiday. video b it fell osleep. 2 Amy got me o © work, newspaper d_ they had finished 3. John watered my their homework plants ewe got home. 4. He got up early and f she was out. went fora run She sang to the baby We went straight to bed ou I-d_ They watched the video after they had finished their homework. © Possessives 12 Underline the correct item. Can | use youts/your telephone, please? Have you seen him/his latest film? That's not my/mine Jacke, i's John/John's That suitcase isn’t your/yours, it's theirs /thelr. \ con't find mine/my sunglasses. Hove you seet them anywhere? 6 I's warm today, so we don't need out/ours coats 7. |sthal your/yours purse or is it her/hers? 8 Is thal Mrs Eve/Eve's car? No, it's ours/our. 9 | con't remember hers/her name. 10 The video is him/his, but the computer is mine/my. anRena 14corkel, een als. © Relative Adverbs 13 Join the sentences, using the words in the circle. F 1 Hell never forget the day | 2. That’s the shop 3 Tom wants to know the reason ‘4 The local greengrocer’s 5 | often think of the time | ers a Tbought the postcards | sent you. b | used to live in South America. ¢ we used to do our shopping closed | down last year. dhe won his first medal. e Jenny can’t join us at the tl PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES. by accident by mistake by oppoiniment by surprise by far by the woy by heart 14 Filln the gops, using the correct phrase from the table. 1 You can see Mr Jones only. He's very busy. 2 . , do you know what fime the meeting starts? 3. Solly was late for work because she caught the wrong bus 4 The news took me | didn’t know what to say. 5 Josie learned her lines for the school play 6 This book is better than that one 7 Dan posted the wrong latter PREPOSITIONS capable of congratulate sb on sth cate for sb/sth cope with close to cutious about comment on 15 Fill in the gaps, using the correct phrase from the table. 1 Janet was too polite to Paul's srange new haircut ON Ska, "> 2 Dogs ore learning tricks 3. The bus stop is ny office, 50 | don't have to walk for. 4 Nurses sick and injured people. 5. Daisy is why the boss wanis fo see her 6 | don't think | can oll the work I have to do. 7 let's write and Sam passing his exams © Revision Section (Units 1-2) 16 Circle the correct item. 1. The first rain to London ..... at 6 o'clock A isleaving B leave C leaves 2 I can't remember ..... phone number. A hers B him C her 3. How ..... do you go to the cinema? A often B much © soon 4 She ..... TV when the phone rang, A is watching B watched C was watching 5 When it started to rain | used my newspaper ‘on umbrella, A like B for 6 "Can Jennifer come out to play?" Cas “Sorry ~ she ..... her homework a! the moment.” A do B does C is doing 7 A light attendant is the person ...., responsible for the comfort and safety of the pessengers. A whose who's C who 8 When he ..... off the ladder, he broke his arm nd hurt his back. A fell B was falling C falls 17 Fill in each gap with one correct word. 1 That's not car. I's Tom's 2 You should be rude to elderly people 3. You look exocily your sister. 4. How many people were there board? We were about io leave for school the doorbell rang What Ittakes years «on orchitect. 8 How on the radia? a next? training to become No do you listen to the news 71ON Gra MN on % % 2p Present Perfect ‘Affirmative: |/You have booked, He has booked. etc Negative: __|/You haven't booked. He hasn't booked. etc Interrogative: Have I/you booked? Has he booked? etc Short answers: Yes, I/you have. Yes, he has. ele No, I/you haven't. No, he hasn't. etc Use We use the present perfect for: © actions which started in the past and continue up fo the present. have been a foacker for five years. (| started teaching five years ago and I'm sill teaching. © past actions with a visible result in the present. ‘He has washed his car. (We can see that the car is clean.) + actions which happened at an unstated fime inthe past. The action is more important than the fine ‘She has sold her house. (When? We don’t know. It is not important.) + experiences, Have you ever slept in c fen!? * actions which have happened within @ specific time period which is not over at the moment of speaking. He has visited three museums this morning. {The time period ~ this morning ~ is not over yer] Have gone to/Have been to/Have been in | * Jane has gone to Paris. (She went to Paris and she's still there.) } * Jane has been to Paris. (She's visited Paris but she’s back now.) | + Jane has been in Poris for two years. (She has been living in Paris for two years | Present Perfect vs Past Simple Past Simple We use the past simple for: * actions which happened ot @ definite time in he past. The time is stated, known or implied. ‘Andrew stayed in a youth hostel last night. (When? Last night, The time is stated.) * ctions which started and finished in the past Lovise lived in London for thiee years before she moved fo York. {louise lived there for three years. She doesn't live there any more.] © cations which happened in the past. The time is either known or implied Harold Macmillan fought in World Wor I time is known} She met her friends afler work. {lime is implied} Present Perfect ‘We use the present perfect for: © actions which happened ct on unstated time in the past. The time is not mentioned or implied ‘Andrew has stayed in 0 youth hostel. (When? We do not know. The jime is not stated.) © actions which started in the pas! and continue up to the present Henry has lived in London for three years. (Henry went to London three years ago and he stil lives there today] 3 °e.—_—_—__*~e % Present Perfect Continuous Affirmative: _/You have been cycling. He has been cycling, ete Negative: You haven't been cyeling. He hasn't been cycling. etc Inerogative: Have I/you been cyeling? Has he been cycling? ete Short answers: Yes, /you have. Yes, he has. ec No, I/you haven’. No, he hasn't. ete Use We use the present perfect continuous: * for actions which started and finished in the past and lasted for some time, The result of the action is visible in the present They have been sunbathing. {The action is aver but the fac that they have a tan is visible.) * to put emphasis on the duration of an action which stoled in the past and continues up fo the present ‘She has been cooking for two hours. (She sloried cooking two hours ago and she is sill cooking. * Io express anger, annoyance or iitation Who has been using my computer? Note: live, feel ond work can be used either in the present perfect or the present perfect continuous with no difference in meaning. I've worked/l've been working for this company for three years. Time expressions used with the Present Perfect and the Present Perfect Continuous: Ever is used: Just is used: | * in questions, to mean ‘at any time belore | * to show that an action finished only o few now minuies earlier Have you ever climbed! o mountain? | have just looked of the map. * in affirmative siatemenis fier superlatives | So for is used. cand only. * 10 mean ‘up fo this point in time’ It is the most interesting ploce | have ever | have written ten posicards so far. visited. For is used: aly is the only country I have ever been to. | « to express the durotion of an action. Never is used He has owned the guesthouse for fen years. * in affirmative sentences, lo mean ‘at no time He has been wailing here for len minutes before now! Since is used V have never rowed a boat. * to state the starting point. Already is used: They have lived in this town since January * in posiiive statements and in questions, 1995. Simon has already tried waterskiing She has been studying since midday. Has Simon tied waterskiing already? How long is used Yet is used: * in questions to refer to a time period * in questions and negations. | How long have you had your cor? Have you found your compass yet? How long has he been watching TV? ‘No, (haven't found it yet _———... 19Prepositions of Place We use prepositions of place to say where somebody or something is. These ore: <5 a a id a3 6 in/inside on Qrear next to e se av, a he oy over on top of below above round/around Zs, | oe SG coo Ef | next to/by/beside opposite between behind | Si 4 ‘among against | Propositions of Movement We use prepositions of movement to show the direction in which somebody or something is moving These are e © eee, up past along across Py Qv, zB Ba into, out of Note: With means of transport, we use the preposition by: by car/bus/irain/bicyele/motorbike/ taxi/plane/boat bur on foot. When there is an article {a/an/thel, @ possessive adjective Immy, your, etc) or the possessive case before the means of transport, we do not use the preposition by. We say: on the train/in my car/on John’s bike ——____ © Present Perfect 2. Look at the list of things Carmen and Jackie have/haven't done for their dinner party ] You and your fiend are organising a tonight. Then, use the prompts to complete wedding reception. Look at the list of things their telephone conversation. that you need to arrange and ask and ‘answer questions, as in the example. 1 speck to the landlady v * send out invitations ® book reception hall 2 clean bathroom and kichen * hire D) ® order flowers © arrange seating plan 2st living room a 4 hoover carpet x A: Have you sent out the invitations? 5: sweep the yord ’ B: Yes, I have already sent out the invitations./ 6 tidy bedroom x 7 defost meat x No, | haven't sent out the invitations yet. 80ere Hi, Carmen, i's me ‘Oh, hi, Jackie. What's up? Nothing. | just want fo know if you 1) to the landlady about our dinner party tonight, Umm ... Yes, | have, actully ‘And how are you getting on with the housework? Well, | 2) the bathroom and the kitchen, 3) the living 1oom? No, not yet. And | 4) the compel, either. But | 5)... the yard! OK. What about your room? 6] ityer? Why? We're having o dinner party ~ no one needs to see my room! So, what are you making for dinner? Oh, no! 17] the meat! Can you Sorry — I don't have time, | have Joo much work to dol Bye! ° Have gone to/Have been to/in Fill in have gone to or have been to/in in the correct form. ‘A: Hil Is Mary there? B: Sorry. She the school to pick up Jason A: | didn't know Laura lived in Sweden! B: Yes, she Sweden for the last three years. ‘A: Tim speaks Spanish fluently! B: Oh yes! He Spain several times, that's why. ‘A: | haven't seen Craig for ages. Do you know where he is? 8: Yeoh - he the Seychelles for two weeks in the sun. * Present Perfect vs. Past Simple a) Use the notes in the diary entries below to talk about the people's recent news, as in the example. “oth November John | 6 be at college | John has been ot fnermenth college for one «find cheap room | month, He has near college \ already ‘¢ not make friends yet © yesterday join drama society 2 Claire ‘sth January «© Join gym last week « already lose weight # never feel better © not meet any new people so far b) What have you been up to lately? Tell « friend your recent news. 5 Read the job interview below and put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or present perfect. A: So, Ms Peters, tell me bit about your studies, please, B: Well, | 1) {jst/finish) university, whore | studied archaeology. A 2) {you/do] any work in the field? B: Yes, 13) . (work) as « field assistant on several occasions. | 4) {spend} lost summer in Turkey A: What 5} o . (learn) from this experience? B: Wel, it 6) (teach) me how to decide what wos important ond what wasn't A: | see, What area of orchosclogy are you mos! interested in? B: Egyptology. (you/ever/be) to Egypt? B: Yes, 18) : (be) there twice ‘A; Thank you very much, Ms Peles I'l ge! back to you soon © Present Perfect Continuous ‘Complete the sentences with the appropriate verb in the present perfect continuous. 1 She's tired. She has been ironing for four hours. 2 He's angry. He for half an hour. 813 He's very good. He 4 He's very lazy. He for two years all afternoon 5. She's bored. She 6 She's very fit. She all morning since she was four. 7 Mes Jones doesn't ike change. She has been doing the same things for the last three years. Use the prompts to make sentences, as in the ‘example. You can add your own ideas to the list. * eal cornlakes for breokfos! # work as @ shop assistant # wear same siyle of clothes ® have her hair long # live in a small flat # drive a Mini ‘She has been eating comflakes for breakfast forthe last three years. G Use the prompls below fo ask and answer questions, as in the example. * collect shells ¢ play football # pain! landscapes * buy oniiques # grow exolic flowers * sew clothes # moke model aerop What's your hobby? 1 collect shells How long have you been collecting shells? I've been collecting shells since last summer. What about you? What's your hobby? nes B A B: 82 9 Make true sentences about yourself with the time expressions below. Use present perfect, present perfect continuous or past simple. * for two hours # last summer # since August * a long time * last Friday for a week © for three days ® since 1998 for three months last night © two weeks ago 've been doing my homework for two hours now. 10 Underline the correct item. 1 Peter has been playing football since/for two hous, 2 | have never/yet left my car unlocked 3 Jerry hasn't been eating very well lately/so far 4 Rachel has just/since recorded her latest jaze album 5 So far/Since the filming of the series has beey going according to plan 6 Mory has always/already been an admiver of that opera singer 7 Supermarkets have started selling these new hoit products recently/yet 8 Have you ever/already wanted to go on a safari? * Prepositions of Place 11 4} Look at the picture and complete the text, using appropriate prepositions of place. There is @ sofa 1) the living room. The sofa is 2) the window, 3) the poufte 4) the sofa there is a cabinet with o lamp 5) it. There is a coffee table 6) the pouffe and the sofa. There are hwo candlesticks 7) it. 8) the armchair there is a fireplace. There is a carpet 9) the floor and a painting 10) the wall There is also a floor lamp 11) the comet of the room, just 12) ihe pointing b) Look at the picture in Ex. 11a again. Use the prompts to ask and answer questions, as in the example. * candles ¢ lamp * painting * window * cushions ¢ Fireplace * armchair A: Where are the candles? B: On the coffee table. Where is the lamp?Lou's far. jozz. deen hair fori? eR © Prepositions of Movement 12, Underline the correct preposition, The whistle blew and they were off, They ran through the mud 1) close/towards the brick wall. Tommy was the last to climb 2] over/on the wall to the other side He soon caught up with the othets as they were going 3) hrough/under the fence on their hands ond knees Neat they had to craw 4} through/off the tunnel. Then came one of the most dificult ports of the event — the wooden beam. Mony of the boys fell as they tried to wak 5] along/into the narrow beam. Only two boys mmade it to the end; one of them was Tommy. But it ‘wasn't over yet. They sill had to swing 6) across /above the river. Johnnie wos first, but he fell 7) in/onto the woter Luckily Tommy got tothe other side, and everyone cheered as he ran 8) across/through the finish line PREPOSITIONS deal with be discouraged from depend on efficient at lficuly with (th) disapprove of exchange sth for sh else {an} expert al/in (sth/doing sth) 13 Fill in the gaps, using the phrases from the table in the correct form, as in the example, 1. She was discouraged from faking the job by the fact that she had to work weekends 2 A: Do you think you'll get the job? 8: That . how the interview goes. 3. Vets offen have to 5 . dangerous animals 4 Kate is ofn) computer programming 5 lam having . my homework. Will you help me? 6 Tom people who spail their children. 7 | want to this stereo 8 Jone is very conferences. another one. ‘organising PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES for a change, for fear of, for the time being, for good, for once, from time to time, for life A Fill in the gaps, using phrases from the table. 1 Colin has gone . He's left the county, and he's not coming back. 2 Jean is sill looking for o flat. She's staying with her sister 3. I'm fed up with taking the train to work. | think I'l toke the bus ss 4 in your life, just listen to me! 5. My grandmother lives in the country ond we visit her 6 When you have children you have a responsibility 7 Jane set the alarm clock missing her interview. © Revision Section (Units 1-3) 15 Fill in each gap with one correct word. 1 Who been sleeping in my bed? 2. Thos the man dog bit me. 3. This time last year we lying in the sun 4 Air pollution gelling worse every year. 5. How long is it you last saw Bob? 6 Charlie was sleeping | got home. 7 Cindy hos driving since last yeor. 8 Bob hasn't fed the dog 9 Lindo hasn't driven the accident 10 I've won a prize before! 16 Circle the correct item. 1 She left on hour A ofier B ogo C since 2 Ann looks her mother, A suchas B as C like 3 The car inlo o hee, A crashed —B hit C fell A Peleris looking for a new job. A too B yet C sill 5 That’s the house she wos born A which B whore C thot 6 You can take in lols of octvities. A place ——B aclion C part 83on GRa, te % Comparatives/Superlatives Comparison of Adjectives Use ‘© We use the comparative form to compare two people, things, places, etc. We usually use than with comparative adjectives. ‘Mary is younger than Jane. ‘© We use the superlative form o compare one person/thing/etc with more than one person/thing/etc in the same group, We use the ... of/in with superlative adjectives. We use in with the superlative when we folk about places. I's the most expensive necklace in the shop. (NOT: ef the shop) «We use (nol) as + adjective + as lo show that hwo people/things/etc ore (nol similar My brother is (not) as tall as my cousin, © We use less + adjective + than for wo people/things/places/etc. hhigh heels are less comfortable than flot shoes Spelling With onesyllable adjectives ending ine, we addr in the comparative ond tin the superlative form nice ~ nicer - nicest + With onesyllable adjectives ending ino vowel + a consonant, we double the last consonant and odd -er/-est thin ~ thinner - thinnest © With twesylable adjectives ending in -ly or -y, we change the -y o i and add -er/-est easy ~ easier ~ easiest Adjective [Comparative | Supetatve ‘Adjective | Comparative | Superlative shor big | bigger |e biggest |[ regular | good | beter | he best edjecives | small_| smaller _|the smallest | forms bea eaie| peer =yadjecives| noisy | noisier | the noisiest litle less | the least Tonger more | the most mary | more | the most adjectives [Peel | beautifel | beautiful much_| more __| the most Past Perfect (had + past participle) Affimotive: | had started. You had started. He had stared. etc Negative: Thadn't started. You hadn't started. He hadn't started. ele Tnlertogativer | Hed | started? Hod you started? Had he stared? ete Short answers: | Yes, I/you/eic had. No, /you/ete hada’ Use We use the past perfect fr: © on action which happened before a stated me in the past ‘She had painted the room by 5 o'clock. (She finished painting before 5 o'clock.) —____ohm ~ * an aciion which happened in the past before another past action. The action which happened eats isin the past perfec, ond the action which happened later is in the past simple. ‘She had booked a hotel before she amived in Paris, (She booked « hotel fist and then orived in Paris) * an action which stared and finshed in the past ond whose result was visible in the past. He had broken his arm, so he couldn't vie. (The action “had broken’ happened in the pos, cond the result “couldn't write" was visible in ihe past, oo.) Time Expressions used with the past perfect: before, after, already, just, tll/until, when, by six o’clock/midnight/etc, by the time, never, eke Past Perfect Continuous Affimative: | | had been listening. You had been litening. He had been Istening. ete | Negative: | hadh' been listening. You hadn't been listening. He hadnt been listening. etc Interogative: | Had | been listening? Had you beon listening? Hod he been listening? etc Short answers: | Yes, /you/etc had. No, /yau/ete hadn'. | Use We use the past perfect continuous * le emphasise the duration of an action which sored and finished before a sioted time inthe pos | | She had been playing tennis for fen years by the time she wos eighteen | | * 10 emphasise the duration of an action which slarted and finished before another post action. The ection which happened earlier isin the past perfect continuous, and the action which happened later is in the past simple. He had been studying for seven years before he got his degre. * for an action which lasted for some time in the past and whose result was visible in the past. She was tired because she had been cleaning the house all doy. (emphasis on duration) Time Expressions used with the past perfect continuous: for, since, how long, before, uni, etc Clauses of Purpose Use We use clauses of purpose to express the purpose of an action (i.e, why someone does something}. They ore inlroduced with * toinfinive He's going to the supermarket to buy some milk * inorder to formal) She went othe bark in oder apply fora loan. | mus ing my lawyer in ardor to make an appointment * so that + can/will (present or future reference). WWe use can and will when the verb in the main clause is in a present or future tense. He lives in the countryside so that he can watch the birds and wildlife. ——.__© sothat + could/Wwould (pas! reference). Wve use could and would when the main verb isin a past tense | They took sandwiches with them, so that they wouldn't need to buy food. * in-cose (+ present tense} (present/future reference). We never use will wih in case. Don't go out tonight, in case it rains. NOT: in case #+witrein} * in case [+ past tense} [past reference) She wrote down my phone number in case she needed to call me * Comparatives ~ Superlatives 2. Use the prompts to compare the people below, as in the examples. ] 2} Complete the table. + young * old * smartly/cosvally dressed * long/shott/foir hair Adjective Comparative | Superlative busy busier busiest nearer enjoyable most spacious big . larger hot quiet a poleat/ Alex Elizabeth most polite b) Use adjectives from the table, in the correct form, to complete the letter below. Dect Sach, fl in qul T i u're well. I'm fine! I'm quite ane 2) sites on the itand. This is one of he 3) holidays | have ever had, The eso is 4) than last year's oe ~ because is located in a remote village, and the stff here are very 5] Our room is 6) than ony hotel room I've ever stayed in before. You Amy is younger than could even have o potty in il The resort has one of 9% Joe. the 7) ‘swimming pools | have ever a soon, Every moming | go snorkeling in the crystl ane dleor wotets at the 8) beach ond sunbathe on the 9) send. I'm having lols of fun, See you soon. Peal David so ee3. Make exchanges using the prompts, as in the example, 1. Rome/London/beautful/capital/world A: Rome is more beautiful than Londen, B: Really? I think that london is the most beautiful capital in the world. The Hilton/the Ritz/expensive /hotel/New York Dumb ond Dumber/ tir liax/tunny/'ilm/ever seen Pandas/Koalas/cute /animals/world Porsches /Ferraris/tas!/cars/ever made Brave New World/ 1984/interesting/book/ ever written cuRon ‘Compare your town to London. Talk about: * the weather © the buildings * the shopping cents * the restaurants * the people I's colder in my town than in London, © Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous 6 Make sentences using the past perfect continuous. 1 he/tited/ploy music for hours He was tired because he had been playing music for hours. 2 she/exhousted/dance all night 3 his eyes/ted/read all night 4 Rito’s knee/sore/ride her bike for miles 5 John/tonned/sunbathe for days 6 She/upset/argue with her best friend 7 Complete the exchanges by putting the verbs in brackets into the past simple, past perfect simple or past perfect continuous. VAL (be) realy tired lost night because | (shop) all day. B: {you/be) at the shopping centre yesterday? | (be) there, too, but | (not/see) you. 2 a1 {meet Jake cond Mike lost night and we (90) ou! 10 dinner B: Why 5 Use the prompts to say what had happened Y yout call mat Yo each person, as in the example. ko ting) you at shout eight, but there (be) no answer 1 ho/can't walk/break leg B: You'te right! | He couldn't walk because he hod broken his (already /leave) leg. 3 Al thear) your boss 2 she/not be hungry/just eat : ire) you 3 they/be tied/not sleep B: Thos not tue. | (qui). 4 I/go to the bank/lose credit card We thave) 5 litle git/be attaid of aeroplanes/not fly before arguments for a very ong time before | 6 Tom/not go tothe porty/have an accident (decide) to leave, 8 Make sentences from the chart. The old woman was happy | | a worked oll evening correcting lets 2 Tony went fo bed lote he eaten anything for days 3 The teacher was tired | € fallen asleep while driving, 4 The boy was crying because she | had/hadn't | d forgotten where she had pul i 5. The dog was hungry | won the lottery 6 The mon had on accident lit F been out with briends 7 Jessica couldn’ find her hot | Lb 9 sproined his ankle | 87ON Gea, » ww: 9 Jane Smith is a famous actress. Look at her | programme for last week and make sentences, as in the example. 16:00 - 21:00 rehearse/have dimer 17.00 - 2100 travellreach Pario 10:00 -1130 | Sunday Monday Tuesday gue radho wcenienlleae for theatre Wednesday 12:30 - 14:00 tak to her agentblagree to sign new contract shoplgo to drese rehearsal 18:00 - 21:00 reetiperform in front: of on audience sign autographe! ve 2 press conference Thursday 14:30 - 17:00 Friday Saturday 11:00 - 12:00 She had been rehearsing for six hours before she had dinner. 10 What do a cook and a scientist need these things for? Look ot the pictures and use the prompls to make sentences, as in the example. _ = knife © cook food = © record their research { soucepan chop up vegetables and meat\ * examine bacteria © weigh flour and sugar © do experiments microscope | test tubes compuler scoles A cook needs a saucepan to cook food in. 1] 41 Jim is going on a skiing holiday. Look at the pictures, then use the prompts with in case or so that to make sentences, as in the example. 88 T) camera » want to go snowboardin: ‘scan go skiing can keep his feet warm 's want to take some photographs + get sunburnt ++ go snorkelling + 0 swimming mask flippers unsere: ‘walking boots Jim will take a snowboard with him in case he wants fo go snowboarding. b) Ted went on a sailing holiday. Say what he took 5 in the example. Ted took his water skis with him in case he wanted fo go waterskiing. 12 Join the sentences as in the exampl the words in bold, 1 Michoel went to the port. He picked up his cousin (to) Michael went lo the port fo pick up his cousin 2 Jane took ¢ coat with her. It was cold at night (case) 3 Ill bring my video camera, | wan! to tape the birthday port. tha 4. Make sure you carry 0 compass. You may need i for directions. {in) 5 He rang his parents. They wete worried aboul him, (case) PREPOSITIONS forrilir with hear about (=be told fed up with hear from {=receive a letter friendly with/to | heat of f=lecin that sth or good at sb exis) guilly ofisk reer 13 Fillin the gaps, using phrases from the table. 1 Thope | {as you arrive in Brazil, 2 Our new neighbours seem to be very nice you as soon people; they're very us 3 Jack is very swimming; he ‘always wins competitions. 4 Did you John’s odventures during his safari? 5 The student was cheating in his exams. 6 I'd never that actor until tead about him in the paper yesterday, 7 Ate you this machine? 8 I'm all your lies! | never want to see you again: PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES in addition to [+ing form} | ina hurry in common in the long run in the direction of in the meantime in exchange for 14 Fill in the gaps, using phrases from the table. 1 Tania and Rudy have a lot of hobbies 2. I'm going to the supermarket; make sure you finish vacuuming 3 lucyis .. 3 she’s wortied she'll miss her flight. 4 Millend you my bike your skateboard 5 son snowboarding, | also enjoy skiing 6 A monthly bus pass may seem expensive; but i's cheoper 7 They walked the church, © Revision Section (Units 1-4) 15 Circle the correct item. Thc e0t eggs. I don't like them. A always B never C often 2 What do you usually for breokias!? A hove B had C having 3 What ot the moment? A do you do B you do C are you doing 4. | was watching television A while B when he was studying, C becouse 5 They two weeks ago. A lewve —B were leaving C left 6 His cor down yesterday. A broke —Bbreck C broken 7 My mother always while I'm at work. afer my childten A looked —B looks C has looked 8 shopping tomorrow? A Ate you going B Do you go C Have you gone 9 Hove you been to that new café 2 A just B yet C never 10 I'm tired because | for four hours. A have been studying —B study C am studying 11 He was crying because he his leg A wos butting B hed hurt C have been hurting 12 The suburbs ore ........ hon the city centre A quieter B quiet C quietest 19. This isthe ...... car I've ever driven A fost B foster C fastest 14 He hos Jopen for over a year A been io B beenin — C gone to 15 He... for hours before he reached the village A is driving CC had been driving B has been driving 16 Fill in each gap with one word. 1 He dosn't like his flat. He looking for somewhere else. 2 Did you visit he Pyramids when you in Egypl? 3. | was very lole for work today the train broke down 4 hope that Julie gels the job. She ‘olways wanted fo work for that company. 5 | have . learning French for three years now. 6 John hopes that he will hove enough money to buy a new car soon, He has been saving more than six months. 7 They wanted to talk to Mike ot the party but by the time they crrived he already left 8 They love lialy — they been going there on holiday every summer for yearsON GRa Ae " > Future Simple - will ASfirmative: {willl come. You will/You'll come, He will/He'll come. etc Negative: Twill not/won’t come, icon ill not/won't come. ele \Inierrogative: Will | come? a pees cn Short answers: Use We use the future simple * for predictions about the future, usualy with the verbs hope, think, believe, expect, imagine, ele, the expressions I'm sure, I'm afraid, etc ond the adverbs probably, perhaps, etc. | think he'll be there, too. I expec it will rain tommorrow. The teacher will assign us c project for promises. Il call you at six o'clock for onthe-spot decisions. There's no bread. I'll go and buy some. for threats. Tusn down the music or I'll call the police. Jo make prediciions based on what we think or imagine: I don't think sholl ike her present | Time expressions used with the future simple: tomorrow, the day afler tomorrow, nex! week/month/ year, tonight, soon, ina week/monih/ year, ele Be going to |_lam/I'm going to ... You are/You're going fo ... He is/He's going to... elc | Tam not/I'm not going to ... You 10... He i ing ! ‘Am | goin Yes, lam. Yes, you are. Yes, he is. ete No, I'm not. No, you're not. Ne Use We use be going to: * to talk about fuiure plans and intentions. They're going fo spend the weekend near the seo, (They're planning to do this.) * to make predictions based on whal we see or know. She's going to have c baby. {I know that she is pregnant.) Present Continuous (for fixed arrangements} Use We use the present continuous for fixed arrangements in the near future, especially when we know the time and place 1'm flying to Moscow tomorrow morning ot 10 o’clock.Conditionals - Type 0/Type 1 * A conditional consists of two ports: the if-clause {hypothesis}, which begins with the word if, ‘and the main clause, which shows the result of the hypothesis [fthey earn a lot of money,| [they'll buy o bigger house. if-clause main clause + When the if-clause comes before the main clause, we separctesthem with « comma. When the main clause comes before the if-clause, then we do nol separate them with a comma fhe doesn't go to the interview, he won't get the job He won't get the job if he doesn't go to the interview. Conditional Type 0 Use © In this type of conditional we can use when * Conditionals Type 0 express o general truth, instead of if law of nature, something which is olwoys rue or H/When you bur yourself. it hurts. something that clways happens as o result of Form someting eke. i you put an apple in o bowl of water, the | if-clause main clause apple floats. if + present simple + present simple Conditional Type 1 Use Form * Conditionals Type 1 express a real or very probable situation in the present or future reas main clause fi ; ere the | + Ptesen! simple — futue simple | We can use unless instead of iF... notin the eS if-clause. The verb offer unless is alwoys in ihe affirmative. 'F you don't wake up early, you'll be late, Unless you wake up eorly. you'll be late = can/must/may/ete! __+ bare inficit Countable / Uncountable Nouns * Countable nouns are nouns which we can count. They have singular and plural forms cone opple, Iwo apples, three apples * Uncountable nouns are nouns which we cannot count. They only take singular verbs. These nouns include: food [cheese, meat, salt, etc; liquids (coffee, milk, water, tea, etc}; solids (glass, ice, iron, etc); subjects of study (French, English, etc|; games (football, basketball cic): diseases (flu, measles, eic|; natural phenomena {cain, wind, sunshine, etcl; some abstract nouns (accommodation, information, knowledge, eel; collective nouns (boggoge, luggage. furniture, tc] Remember to buy fsome] meat I ike to drink milk * We can use the following nouns before uncounlable nouns to show quanti « botle, a glass, a carton, « cup, a bow, a packet, a slice, « loaf, «kil, a bar (e.g. 0 botle of Cake, o cup of le]. Seertorent, .) © We use plural forms with «the nouns people, police ond clothes. The police are investigating the burglary «nouns which refer to objects that consist of two parts, such as trousers, shorts, shoes, gloves, socks, earrings, scissors, etc. We do not vse oon or number with these nouns. We use the phrase a pair of... instead. Where are my shoes? Ineed a new pair of irousers. A/An - Some - Any Use © We use a/an in all forms (affirmative, negative ond interrogative| with countable nouns in the singular There is @ photo album on the fable, There isn't a chair in the room. Is there an ashtray here? © We use some in the affirmative with cither countable nouns in the plural or uncountable nouns, Wie need some potatoes and some meat. Note: We use some in the intertogative for offers of requests, Would you like some juice? (offer) Can | have some water, please? {requesi) ¢ We use any in the negative ond the Interrogative wih either countable nouns inthe plural o: uncountable nouns There aren’t any books on the shell. There isn't any milk, Are there any apples left? Is there any coffee in the pot? ‘A lot of - Much/Many — How much/How many ~ (A) few/(A) little Use «We usually use a lot of in affimative sentences with ether countable nouns in the plural or uncountable nouns. We omit of when a lot isnot followed by @ noun She has got a lot of books A: Is there any cheese? B: Yes, there's a lot «We usually use much end many in the negative and the inferrogative. We use much with uncountable nouns, and many with plural countable nouns 1 don't drink much coffee. haven't go! many pencils. Is there much fea in the pot? Have you got many toys? «We use how much and how many in questions. We use how much with uncountable nouns end how many with countable nouns in he plural How much lemonade have you had? How many shirts hove you gor? «We use @ few {= not many; some) with countable nouns in the plural. We vse a litle [=not much; some] with uncountable nouns. We've got a few books. We've got a litle flow. Qe