Steel Bale

NAMA : Muhaimin Iqbal
NIM : 2201842384
KELAS : LB43
LECTURE : Jonathan Togi H. Sidabutar, S,T.,M.T
MID TERM EXAM
THEORY AND DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES
1. Select 30-Foot-Long W12 Tension Member To Resist A Dead Load Of 150 Kip And A Live Load
Of XYZ Kip. A992 Steel Is Used. Two Lines Of 3/4 Inch Diameter Bolt Are Used (4 Bolts Each
Line). For The Purpose Of This Problem, You May Ignore Block Shear Rupture. (XYZ = The Last
3 Digits Of NIM)
XYZ = 384
GIVEN DATA
Member Details
Grade of Steel, A992
Length of member, I = 30 ft
Connection Details
3
Diameter of bolt, db = 4 in
Factored load
Service Dead Load, D = 150 kips
Service Live Load, L = 384 kips
CALCULATIONS
Grade of Steel, A 992
MUHAIMIN IQBAL – 2201842384 – LB43

MID TERM EXAM - THEORY AND DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES
Yield stress, Fy = 50 ksi AISC Table 2-4 P.2-48
Ultimate stress Fu = 65 ksi AISC Table 2-4 P.2-48

3
Diameter of bolt hole, db = 4 in
1
dh = db + in
8
3 1
dh = 4 in + 8 in
= 0.875 in
Factored load, Pu (Com1) = 1.4 (D)
= 210 kips
Pu (Com2) = 1.2 (D) + 1.6 (L)
= 1.2 (150) + 1.6 (384)
= 794.4 kips
take the biggest factored load, Pu = 794.4 kips
Yielding in the gross section
Design strength of gross section is obtained as:

𝑃𝑢
Agmin = 0.9 𝐹𝑦
min{ }
(0.75)2 𝐹𝑢
Pu
= (0.75)2𝐹𝑢
794.4
= (0.75)2×65
794.4
=
36.5625
= 21.727 in 2
L
Calctulation rmin rmin = 300
30 ft
rmin = 300
30 ft = 360 in
360 in
=
300
= 1.2 in
Therefore, required Agmin = 21.727 in 2
rmin = 1.2 in

Determine W -Shape
Furthermore, the W12 x 79 profile test based on AISC Table 1-1 P.1-24 is close to the minimum area(up),
with Agmin = 21.727 in 2 & rmin = 1.2 in
Profil : Select W 12×79 AISC Table 5-1 P.5-11
GIVEN DATA
Member Details
Grede of steel = A 992
Selected member, = W 12×79
Gross area of section, Ag = 23.2 in 2 AISC Table 1-1 P.1-24
Thickness of flange, tf = 0.735 in AISC Table 1-1 P.1-24
Width of flange, bf = 12.1 in AISC Table 1-1 P.1-24
Depth of section, d = 12.4 in AISC Table 1-1 P.1-24
Radius of gyration, ry = 3.05 in AISC Table 6-1 P.6-80
Length of member, I = 30 ft
Connection Details
Member connected to web/two flanges = two flanges
3
Diameter of bolt, db = 4 in
Number of bolts across a section, n =4

Number of bolts in line, m =4
Pitch of the bolts, s = 3 in
End Distance, = 2 in
Edge distance, = 1.5 in
Distance of centeroid from edge 𝑥̅ = 1.06 in (WT6×39.5) AISC Table 1 – 8 P.1-65
𝑥̅ is the distance from the centroid of the area connected to the plane of connection - For this case x is
equal to the distance of centroid of the angle from the edge.
CALCULATIONS
For grade of steel A 992
Yield stress, Fy = 50 ksi
Ultimate stress, Fu = 65 ksi
3 1
Diameter of bolt hole, dh = 4 in + 8 in
= 0.875 in
DESIGN STRENGTH
Yielding in the gross section
Design strength of gross section is obtained as:

Øt Pn = Øt × Fy × Ag
= 0.9 × 50 × 23.2
Terms ; Øt Pn gross section > Pu
= 1044 kips > 794.4 kips …… {OK}
Fracture in the net section

Net area, An = Ag – n × (dh × tf)
An = Ag – (no. of holes) × (diameter of hole) × (thickness of flange)
= 23.2 – 4 × 0.875 × 0.735
= 20.6275 in 2
Length of connection in the direction of loading,
L = 9 in
Since the member is connected to two flanges, Alternative value of U
𝑥̅
Shear lag Factor, U2 = 1 - 𝐿 ……..case2 AISC Table D3.1 P.16.1-28
1.06
=1-
9
= 0.882
bf = 12.1 in
2
d = 3×12.4
= 8.267
2
bf ≥ 3 𝑑, then U7 = 0.9………case7 AISC Table D3.1 P.16.1-28
Effective area, Ae = U × An
= 0.9 × 20.6275
= 18.56475 in 2
Design strength of net section is obtained as:
Øt Pn = Øt × Fu × Ae
= 0.75 × 65 × 18.56475
= 905.03 kips
Thus, design strength of the member is the smallest of the two values, that is
Øt Pn = 905.03 kips > Pu = 794.4 ……………{OK}
Hence, SAFE
Slenderness ratio, I/ry = 30 × 12 / 3.05
= 118 < 300 ………….. {OK}
Hence, SAFE
Conclusion
Based on the verifivation gross section yielding & net section fracture, W12X79 is adequate
It can be concluded that the W12 x 79 steel profile can be used.

2. Determine The Capacity Of Bearing-Type Connection And Check If The Connection Meets Layout
Requirement
• 1 inch diameter Group A-X bolts
• A572 Gr.50 plate
Fu = 65 ksi AISC Table 2-4 P.2-48
Fy = 50 ksi AISC Table 2-4 P.2-48
• 13” x 1/2” plate
Diameter of bolt hole

db = 1 in
1
dh = 1 in + 16 in
= 1.0625 in
Bolt shear capacity (1 bolt) 1 in diameter group A – X bolts (single)
Ørn = 40 kips/bolt AISC Table 7-1 P.7-22
Required Number of bolts
n bolt = 12 → 4 external
8 internal
Ørn = 12 bolt × 40 kips/bolt
= 480 kips
Bolt Spacing requirement
Spacing, Sused = 3 in
2
Smin = 2 × × db
3
2
=2×3×1
= 2.667 in
Spreferred = 3 × db
=3×1

= 3 in
Syarat :
Smin < Sused
2.677 < 3…….{OK}, adequate
Sused = 3 in
Edge Distance requirement

1
If, Bolt diameter = 1 in → min edge distance = 1 AISC Table J3.4 P.16.1-123
4
Leused = 3 in
Syarat :
Lemin < Leused

1
1 < 3 …..{OK} adequate
4
Leused = 3 in
Bolt Bearing Capacity
Spacing, S = 3 in
Edge distance le = 3 in
Thicknes of pplate t = 0.5 in
db = 1 in
dh = 1.0625 in
Fu = 65 ksi
2db = 2 × db
=2×1
= 2 in
𝑑ℎ
lce = le - 2
1.0625
=3- 2
= 2.46875 in
lci = s – dh
= 3 - 1.0625
= 1.9375 in
a. Eksternal → nbolt = 4

𝑖𝑐𝑒
rne = 1.2 × t × Fu × min {2𝑑𝑏 }
= 1.2 × t × Fu × 2db
= 1.2 × 0.5 × 65 × 2 (1)
= 78 kips / bolt
b. Internal → nbolt = 8
𝑖𝑐𝑖
rni = 1.2 × t × Fu × min {2𝑑𝑏 }
= 1.2 × t × Fu × lci
= 1.2 × 0.5 × 65 × 1.9375
= 75.5625 kips / bolt
Rn = (rne × 4) + (rni × 8)
= (78 × 4) + (75.5625 × 8)
= 916.5 kips
Design Capacity of Plat
For 12 number bolts
ØRn = 0.75 × Rn
= 0.75 × 916.5
= 687.375 kips
ØRn = 687.375 > 480 kips …OK
Conclusion
Bolt shear capacity = 480 kips
Bolt bearing capacity = 687.375
Bolt Design capacity
ØRn = 480 kips

3. Design fillet weld to resist a service dead load and live load of XY kip and 30 kip, respectively. (XY
= the last two digits of NIM)
XY = 84
• A36 steel and E70 electrodes are used → Fexx = 70 ksi
• Assume the capacity of the gusset plate to be adequate
Answer :
Knows
Service dead load, D = 84 kips
Service live load, L = 30 kips
Factor Loaded
Dead load, D = 84 kips
Live load, L = 30 kips
Factored Design load, Pu = 1.2 D + 1.6 L
= 1.2 (84) + 1.6 (30)
= 148.8 kips
Weld Limits
3
Effective thickness, t = 8 in
t = 0.375 in
3
Min. size fillet weld, amin = 16 in AISC Table J2.4 P.16.1-111
= 0.1875 in
1
Min. size fillet weld, amax =t-
16
3 1
= 8 - 16
= 0.3125 in
Fillet weld Used, aused = 0.3125 in → take the greatest value
Compute the capacity of 1 in weld

aused = 0.3125 in
Electrode strength FEXX = 70 ksi AISC Table 8-3 P.8-65
Lw = 1 in
t = 0.375 in
For Grade of Steel, A36 AISC Table 2-4 P.2-48
Yield Stress Fy = 36
Ultimate stress Fu = 58 until 80 ksi → (assumption : 70 ksi)
Agv = Anv = Lw × t
= 1 in × 0.375 in
= 0.375 in2
Weld metal capacity
Ørn = 0.75 × (0.6 × FEXX) × (0.707 × a × Lw)
= 0.75 × (0.6 × 70) × (0.707 × 0.3125 × 1)
= 6.9593 kips for 1 in of weld
Base metal capacity
Yielding
Ørn = 1 × (0.6 × Fy) × Agv
= 1 × (0.6 × 36) × 0.375
= 8.1 kips for 1 inch of weld
Fracture
Ørn = 0.75 × (0.6 × Fu) × Anv
= 0.75 × (0.6 × 70) × 0.375
= 11.8125 kips for 1 inch of weld
Take the smallest value, then the design strength of the 1 inch weld connection
The design strength of the 1 inch weld connection Ørn = 6.9593 kips
Length of required
𝑃𝑢
Total length weld, Lw req = Ørn
148.8
= 6.9593
= 21.38
Lw req = 22 in

Sketch
(22 in – 6 in )
8“→
2

TABLE ANSWER NO 1
AISC Table 2-4 P.2-48


AISC Table 1 – 8 P.1-65
AISC Table D3.1 P.16.1-28

TABLE ANSWER NO 2
A572 Gr.50 → AISC Table 2-4 P.2-48
AISC Table J3.4 P.16.1-123

TABLE ANSWER NO 3
AISC Table 2-4 P.2-48 → Grade Steel A36
AISC Table J2.4 P.16.1-111


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NAMA : Muhaimin Iqbal

Grade of Steel, A992

Service Dead Load, D = 150 kips

Service Live Load, L = 384 kips

Grade of Steel, A 992

MUHAIMIN IQBAL – 2201842384 – LB43

Ultimate stress Fu = 65 ksi AISC Table 2-4 P.2-48

Factored load, Pu (Com1) = 1.4 (D)

Pu (Com2) = 1.2 (D) + 1.6 (L)

= 1.2 (150) + 1.6 (384)

take the biggest factored load, Pu = 794.4 kips

Yielding in the gross section

Design strength of gross section is obtained as:

Therefore, required Agmin = 21.727 in 2

MUHAIMIN IQBAL – 2201842384 – LB43

with Agmin = 21.727 in 2 & rmin = 1.2 in

Profil : Select W 12×79 AISC Table 5-1 P.5-11

Number of bolts across a section, n =4

MUHAIMIN IQBAL – 2201842384 – LB43

Terms ; Øt Pn gross section > Pu

= 1044 kips > 794.4 kips …… {OK}

Fracture in the net section

MUHAIMIN IQBAL – 2201842384 – LB43

Diameter of bolt hole

Bolt shear capacity (1 bolt) 1 in diameter group A – X bolts (single)

Ørn = 40 kips/bolt AISC Table 7-1 P.7-22

Required Number of bolts

Ørn = 12 bolt × 40 kips/bolt

Bolt Spacing requirement

MUHAIMIN IQBAL – 2201842384 – LB43

Smin < Sused

2.677 < 3…….{OK}, adequate

Edge Distance requirement

Lemin < Leused

Bolt Bearing Capacity

Thicknes of pplate t = 0.5 in

MUHAIMIN IQBAL – 2201842384 – LB43

= 1.2 × 0.5 × 65 × 2 (1)

= 1.2 × 0.5 × 65 × 1.9375

= 75.5625 kips / bolt

Design Capacity of Plat

For 12 number bolts

ØRn = 687.375 > 480 kips …OK

Bolt shear capacity = 480 kips

Bolt bearing capacity = 687.375

Bolt Design capacity

ØRn = 480 kips

MUHAIMIN IQBAL – 2201842384 – LB43

= the last two digits of NIM)

• A36 steel and E70 electrodes are used → Fexx = 70 ksi

• Assume the capacity of the gusset plate to be adequate

Service dead load, D = 84 kips

Service live load, L = 30 kips

Dead load, D = 84 kips

Live load, L = 30 kips

Factored Design load, Pu = 1.2 D + 1.6 L

= 1.2 (84) + 1.6 (30)

Fillet weld Used, aused = 0.3125 in → take the greatest value