INDEX

Contents Page no.

List of Figures vii
List of Tables viii
Abstract ix
Chapter 1: Introduction 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Principle 2
Chapter 2: Arduino 3
2.1 What is Arduino? 3
2.2 Why Arduino? 3
2.3 Arduino UNO 4
2.3.1 Background 5
2.3.2 Automatic Software Reset 6
2.4 Pin Description of Arduino UNO 7
2.4.1 General pin functions 7
2.4.2 Special pin functions 8
2.5 Technical Specifications 9
2.6 Communication 9
2.7 Applications of Arduino UNO 10
2.8 Other Arduino Boards 10
Chapter 3: Ultrasonic Sensors 11
3.1 What is an Ultrasonic Sensor? 11
3.2 Main features of Ultrasonic Sensors 12
3.3 Ultrasonic Sensor Pinout & Description 12
3.3.1 Crystal Oscillator 14
3.3.2 Ultrasonic Transmitter Circuit 15
3.3.3 Ultrasonic Receiver Circuit 16
3.4 Working of Ultrasonic Sensor 17
3.5 Interfacing Ultrasonic Sensor with Arduino 18
3.6 Applications 19

v
Chapter 4: Servo Motor 20
4.1 What is Servomotor 20
4.2 Servo Mechanism 21
4.3 Wire Configuration 22
4.4 Tower Pro SG-90 Features 22
4.5 Working Principle of Servo Motors 22
4.6 Advantages 24
4.7 Applications of Servo Motors 24
4.8 Application Circuit of Servo Motor 25
Chapter 5: Arduino IDE Software 26
5.1 Arduino IDE Software 26
5.2 Arduino IDE Software Installation 26
5.2.1 Arduino Connection 26
5.2.2 Download Arduino IDE Software 27
5.2.3 Launch Arduino IDE 28
5.2.4 Select your Arduino Board 28
5.2.5 Select your Serial Port 30
5.2.6 Upload the Program to your Board 31
5.2.7 Arduino IDE Default Window 32
Chapter 6: Implementation 33
6.1 Concept Behind Smart Dustbin using Arduino 33
6.2 Hardware Components Required 33
6.3 Software Required 33
6.4 Jump wires 33
6.5 Block Diagram 34
6.6 Circuit diagram 35
6.7 Design of the Project 35
6.8 Arduino Code 36
6.9 Working 37
6.10 Applications 38
Chapter 7: Conclusion 39
References 40

vi
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No Figure Name Page no.

1.1 Smart Dustbin 2
2.1 Arduino UNO 4
2.2 Early Stage of Arduino 5
2.3 Pin Description of Arduino UNO 7
3.1 Ultrasonic Sensor 11
3.2 Ultrasonic Sensor Pinout 13
3.3 Crystal Oscillator 14
3.4 Crystal Oscillator Circuit diagram 14
3.5 Ultrasonic sensor Transmitter Circuit 15
3.6 Ultrasonic sensor Receiver Circuit 16
3.7 Working of ultrasonic sensor 17
4.1 Servo Motor 21
4.2 Angular Rotation of Servo Motor 23
4.3 Application Circuit of Servo Motor 25
5.1 Arduino UNO USB Cable 27
5.2 Arduino IDE zip File 27
5.3 Launch Arduino IDE 28
5.4 New project 29
5.5 Existing File 29
5.6 Selecting Arduino Board 30
5.7 Selecting Serial port 31
5.8 Uploading the Program to Arduino 31
5.9 Arduino IDE default window 32
6.1 Jump Wires 34
6.2 Block Diagram of Smart Dustbin 34
6.3 Circuit Diagram of Smart Dustbin 35
6.4 Working of Smart Dustbin 38

vii
 LIST OF TABLES

Table No Table Name Page no.

2.1 Technical Specifications of Arduino UNO 9

3.1 Main Features of Ultrasonic Sensor 12

3.2 Pin Description of Ultrasonic Sensor 13

4.1 Wire Configuration of Servo Motor 22

viii
 ABSTRACT

Project Name: SMART DUSTBIN USING ARDUINO

The Dustbins (or Garbage bins, Trash Cans, whatever you call them) are small
plastic (or metal) containers that are used to store trash (or waste) on a temporary basis.
They are often used in homes, offices, streets, parks etc. to collect the waste. In some
places, littering is a serious offence and hence Public Waste Containers are the only
way to dispose small waste. Usually, it is a common practice to use separate bins for
collecting wet or dry, recyclable or non-recyclable waste. In this project, we have
designed a simple system called Smart Dustbin using Arduino, Ultrasonic Sensor and
Servo Motor, where the lid of the dustbin will automatically open itself upon detection
of human hand. The main concept behind the Smart Dustbin using Arduino project is
Object Detection. The methodology implemented here is, when the Ultrasonic Sensor
is placed on top of the dustbin’s lid and when the sensor detects any object like a human
hand, it will trigger the Arduino to open the lid.

ix