Polyatomic Ions

H = hydr- B = bor- BO33- borate ion

C = carb- N = nitr- BrO3- bromate ion

O = ox- F = fluor- BrO4- perbromate

Si = silic- P = phosph- B4O72- tetraborate

S = sulf- Cl = chlor- C2H3O2- acetate ion (CH3COO-)

As = arsen- Se =selen- C6H5O73- citrate ion

Br = brom- Sb = antimony- ClO- hypochlorite ion

I = iod- ClO2- chlorite ion

ClO3- chlorate ion

S2- sulfide Br 1- bromide ClO4- perchlorate ion

F 1- fluoride H 1- hydride CN- cyanide ion

Cl 1- chloride I 1- iodide CO32- carbonate ion

P3- phosphide O2- oxide C2O42- oxalate ion

N3- nitride Se2- selenide CrO42- chromate ion

Cr2O72- dichromate ion

HPO42- hydrogen phosphate ion

mono- one hexa- six
HSO4- hydrogen sulfate ion
di- two hepta- seven
HCO3- hydrogen carbonate ion
tri- three octa- eight
H2PO4- dihydrogen phosphate ion
tetra- four nona- nine
IO- hypiodite ion
penta- five deca- ten
IO2- iodite ion

IO3- iodate ion

Cu+ copper (I) (cuprous) Mn2+ manganese (II)
IO4- periodate ion
Cu2+ copper (II) (cupric) Ni2+ nickel (II)
MnO4- permanganate ion
Fe2+ iron (II) (ferrous) Cr2+ chromium (II)
NH4+ ammonium ion SeO32- selenite ion
Fe3+ iron (III) (ferric) Cr3+ chromium (III)
NO2- nitrite ion SeO42- selenate ion
Hg22+ mercury (I) (mercurious) Co2+ cobalt (II)
NO3- nitrate ion SiO44- silicate ion
Hg2+ mercury (II) (mercuric)
O22- peroxide ion S2O32- thiosulfate ion
Pb2+ lead (II) (plumbous)
OH- hydroxide ion SO32- sulfite ion
Pb4+ lead (IV) (plumbic)
PO33- phosphite ion SO42- sulfate ion
Sn2+ tin (II) (stannous)
PO43- phosphate ion SCN- thiocyanate ion
Sn4+ tin (IV) (stannic)

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 Solubility Rules Activity Series for Metals
Rule #1 – All alkali metal compounds are soluble. Potassium K+
Sodium Na+
Rule #2 – All ammonium salts are soluble. Lithium Li+
Barium Ba2+
Rule #3 – All nitrate, chlorate, acetate and Strontium Sr2+
perchlorate salts are soluble.

INCREASING REACTIVITY
Calcium Ca2+
Rule #4 – All chloride, bromide and iodide salts Magnesium Mg2+
are soluble. Aluminum Al3+
EXCEPT – Ag+, Hg22+, Pb22+ Manganese Mn2+
Zinc Zn2+
Rule #5 – All sulfates are soluble. Chromium Cr2+
EXCEPT – Ba2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Hg22+, Pb22+ Iron Fe2+
Cadmium Cd2+
Rule #6 – All hydroxides are insoluble. Cobalt Co2+
EXCEPT – Ba2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, alkali metals Nickel Ni2+
Tin Sn2+
Rule #7 – All sulfides are insoluble. Lead Pb2+
EXCEPT – alkali metals and alkaline earth metals Hydrogen H+ (comparison)
Antimony Sb2+
Rule #8 – All sulfites, carbonates, chromates and Bismuth Bi2+
phosphates are insoluble. Copper Cu2+
EXCEPT – NH4+, alkali metals Mercury Hg2+
Silver Ag+
“like dissolves like” Platinum Pt+

Electron Affinity

Electronegativity

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