Official (Closed) - Non Sensitive

Electronic and Computer Engineering Division

Diploma in Engineering (Certificate in Internetworking- Internetworking Essentials)

Internetworking Essentials

Experiment 9

IP Addressing - Class B (Oct 2020)

Objectives

 Name the five different classes of IP addresses

 Describe the characteristics and use of the IP address class
 Identify the class of an IP address based on the network
number
 Determine which part (octets) of an IP address is the network
ID and which part is the host ID
 Identify valid and invalid IP host addresses based on the
rules of IP addressing
 Define the range of addresses and default subnet mask
for each class

Class / Group: Date:

Name:

EXPT9_Class B Subnetting - 1
Background

This lab will help you develop an understanding of IP addresses and how
TCP/IP networks operate. IP addresses are used to uniquely identify
individual TCP/IP networks and hosts (computers and printers) on networks in
order for devices to communicate. Workstations and servers on a TCP/IP
network are called HOSTS and each will have a unique IP address which is
referred to as its HOST ADDRESS. TCP/IP is the most widely used protocol
in the work. The Internet or World Wide Web uses only IP addressing. In
order for a host to access the Internet, it must have an IP address.

In its basic form, the IP address has two parts: a NETWORK ADDRESS and
a HOST ADDRESS. The network portion of the IP address is assigned to a
company or organization by the Internet Network Information Center
(InterNIC). Routers use the IP address to move data packets between
networks. IP addresses are 32 bits long (with current version IPv4) and are
divided into 4 octets of 8 bits each. They operate at the network layer, Layer
3 of the OSI model and are assigned statically (manually) by a network
administrator or dynamically (automatically) by a Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol (DHCP) server. The IP address of a workstation (host device) is a
logical address meaning it can be changed. The MAC address of the
workstation is a 48-bit physical address which is burned into the NIC and
cannot change unless the NIC is replaced. The combination of the logical IP
address and the physical MAC address help route packets to the proper
destination.

There are 5 classes of IP addresses (Class A to E). Only the first 3 classes
(Class A, B, and C) are used commercially. Class D is reserved for
multicasting, and Class E is for experimental, and is used for research.

Class B Address

10 14 bits of network
0 address 0 16 bits of host
0 address

Subnetting

10 14 bits of network
0 address 0 16 bits of host
0 address
Up to 14 bits
Tools/Preparation

 Subnet mask template

Subnet Mask Template

Host address bits

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

128 192 224 240 248 252 254 255

Possible Subnet Address

Procedures

Step 1 – Create subnets using a Class B address

a. Your organization intends to set up a local area network (LAN) with

an assigned Class B address of 159.63.0.0 /16.
How do you know it is a Class B address?

b. You need to use an addressing scheme to cater for 300 subnets.

How many subnet bits do you need to use and why?

Write the subnet mask in binary and convert it to dotted decimal notation.
Step 2 – Create subnet address and valid range of IP address

Subnet X Subnet Z
E0 E0
Subnet Y
S0 S0

a. Use the following information and drawing to calculate the subnet address.
Note that 2 subnets are required in the above topology.

Subnet X Subnet Y Subnet Z

15 20 27

What is the subnet address for subnet no. 15?

What is the valid range of IP addresses in this subnet?

What is the subnet address for subnet no. 20?

What is the valid range of IP addresses in this subnet?

What is the subnet address for subnet no. 27?

What is the valid range of IP addresses in this subnet?

Step 3 – Assign IP addresses

a. Assign IP addresses to the router’s interface and PCs in subnet X. You do

not need to assign any IP address to a hub. Use the valid range of IP
address in subnet X in step 2 and assign the addresses in sequence.

Subnet X IP address from subnet 15

Orchard router E0 interface (often use 1st valid host address)

PC1 ( 2nd host address)

PC2 (3rd host address )

b. Assign IP addresses to the routers’ interfaces in subnet Y. Use the valid

range of IP address in subnet Y and assign the addresses in sequence.

Subnet Y IP address from subnet 20

Orchard router S0 (use the 1st valid host address)
interface

Somerset router S0 interface (use the 2rd valid host address)

c. Assign IP addresses to the router’s interface and PCs in subnet Z. You do

not need to assign any IP address to a hub. Use the valid range of IP
address in subnet Z and assign the addresses.

Subnet Y IP address from subnet 27

Somerset router E0 interface (often use 1st valid host address)

PC3 ( 10th host address)

PC4 ( last host address)

d. Write down the IP address assigned to each of the hosts (including
the routers’ interfaces) below.

Subnet X Subnet Z
E0 E0
Subnet Y
S0 S0

Reflection

How many host addresses available per subnet in your design?

What is the range of numbers in the first octet that determines a Class B
address?

What is the default subnet mask for a Class B IP address if no subnet bit is
used?

What is the maximum number of subnet bits that can used to create subnets?
Explain your answer.
Comments/Questions if any :

Note : Please make sure that you fully understand IP addressing and
subnetting principle (FLSM, VLSM) as it is an important objective in this
module. You will be tested on this in lab test and final test.