MMW GROUP 3

Abella, Lim Chu, Luces, Lumayno, Verallo

George Polya
- was a Hungarian mathematician. He was a professor of mathematics
at ETH Zürich from 1914 to 1940 and Stanford University from 1940
to 1953. He made many fundamental contributions in different fields
of mathematics such as: combinatorics, number theory, numerical
analysis and probability theory to name a few. He is also noted for his
work in heuristics and mathematics education.
Polya’s Four-Step Problem-Solving Strategy
• 1. Understand the problem – what is being asked?
• 2. Devise a plan – thinking of methods
• 3. Carry out the plan – following the method selected
• 4. Review the solution – checking solution whether it is reasonable
• 22. An airline flies from Manila to Davao with a stopover in Cebu. It
charges a fare of 1,800 pesos Manila to Cebu and a fare of 3,500
pesos from Manila to Davao. In one flight a total of 180 passengers
boarded the plane in manila and the collected fare totalled 494,000
pesos. How many passengers got off the plane in Cebu?​
Understand the problem.

There are two types of stopover in the situation given. Some got off Cebu and
others to Davao. From the total collection,
• how much was collected from those two who got off in Davao?
• how much was collected from those who made a stopover in Cebu?
It is needed to know how many were bound for Davao and who made a stopover
to Cebu.
Devise a plan.

• Use x and y to represent Manila to Cebu and Manila to Davao. Let x

be Manila to Cebu and let y be Manila to Davao.
Carry out the plan.
Passengers:
To Cebu: x
To Davao: y
Total passengers: 180

Equation (1):
x + y = 180
y = 180 - x (passengers to Davao in terms of x)
Total fare:
Manila to Cebu: 1,800x
Manila to Davao: 3,500y
Total passenger fare for both destinations: 494,000
Equation (2):
1,800x + 3,500y = 494,000
Substitute 180-x to y in Equation (2):
1,800x + 3,500y = 494,000
1,800x + 3,500(180-x) = 494,000
Find the number of passengers to Cebu, x:
1,800x -3,500x + 630,000 = 494,000
-1700x = 494,000 - 630,000
-1700x/-1,700 = -136,000/-1700
x = 80 passengers to Cebu
Number of passengers to Davao, y:
y = 180-x
y = 180 - 80
y = 100 passengers to Davao
Total passenger fare for each destination:
Manila to Cebu:
1,800x = 1,800(80) = 144,000 pesos
Manila to Davao:
3,500y = 3,500(100) = 350,000 pesos
Review the solution.
Check:
Total passengers:
80 + 100 = 180
180 = 180 (True)
Total fare:
144,000 + 350,000 = 494,000
494,000 = 494,000 (True)
• 24. In 2016 , december 25 fell on a sunday. On what day of the week
does christmas fall in 2025? Note that the years 2020 and 2024 are
both leap years.
Understand the problem.
• Take note that after whole weeks we return to the same day. We
determine the remainder per year.

• When we divide 1 year by a week or 365 days by 7 days, we get

a remainder of 1 day.

• Take note that leap years involve an additional day on February. We

then add by 2 on that occasion. So although 2016 is also a leap year, it
is not involved in the count as December 2016 comes after Feb 2016.
Devise a plan.
Dec 25, 2016 – Dec 25, 2017 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2017 – Dec 25, 2018 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2018 – Dec 25, 2019 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2019 – Dec 25, 2020 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2020 – Dec 25, 2021 – 366 days
Dec 25, 2021 – Dec 25, 2022 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2022 – Dec 25, 2023 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2023 – Dec 25, 2024 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2024 – Dec 25, 2025 – 366 days
3287 days
Carry out the plan.
Dec 25, 2016 – Dec 25, 2017 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2017 – Dec 25, 2018 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2018 – Dec 25, 2019 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2019 – Dec 25, 2020 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2020 – Dec 25, 2021 – 366 days
Dec 25, 2021 – Dec 25, 2022 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2022 – Dec 25, 2023 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2023 – Dec 25, 2024 – 365 days
Dec 25, 2024 – Dec 25, 2025 – 366 days
3287 days
3287/7 = to 469 r 4 → 3287 ≡ 4 mod 7

Day 3287 (multiple of 7) is also a Saturday 4 days later day 3287 is a

Thursday

Dec 25, 2025 (Thursday)

Review the solution.
• 2016 - Sunday
• 2017 - Monday
• 2018 - Tuesday
• 2019 - Wednesday
• 2020 - Leap year (+2) Friday
• 2021 - Saturday
• 2022 - Sunday
• 2023 - Monday
• 2024 - Leap year (+2) Wednesday
• 2025 - Thursday
• Therefore, Christmas of 2025 will happen on a Thursday.
THANK YOU!