Solved Examples Example BI Determine the safe load P that can be carried by the joint shown in Fig. Ex. 13.1. The bolts used are 20 mm diameter of grade 4.6. The thickness of the flange of I-section is 9.1 mm and that of bracket plate 10 mm. Solution For Fe 410 grade of steel: f, = 410 MPa For bolts of grade 4.6: f= 400 MPa Partial safety factor for the material of bolt: Yb = 1.25 A,y= Sess area of 20 mm diameter bolt = 245 mm? (From Table 4.3) Given: diameter of bolt, d = 20 mm; pitch, p = 80 mm; edge distance, e = 40 mm For d= 20 mm, dy= 20 + 2 =22 mm Sength of the bolt in single shear, Vs Ag —2t = 245 x Bae x 10 = 45,26 KN V3 Ymp 3 x Strength of the bolt in bearing, Vin= 2.5 aya fe (f= least of f, and f,,) From Table 4.2, for 20 mm diameter bolt the diameter of bolt hole, dy= 22 mm. histeast of 2 = 49 _ 9.606, 2 _ 0.25 = 80__ 925 -0.96, Wisleas ot ST 3x2 0.006; 57, 25 aN fut _ 400 _ 9.975; and 1.0, f, 410 Hence, k, =0.606 400 Vin =2.5 x 0.606 x 20 x 9.1 Ts * 10° = 88.23 KN Hence, strength of the bolt, V, = 45.26 KN.= BSR hee sea resign of Seat SS Let, P, be the factored lead. ei Service lood. P= Fite 150 ‘The bolt which is stressed maximam is A. ‘Total sumber of bolts in the joint. « = 10 P —sat ron {eto e807 (PY = 17088 mm Irs 4x ((160" + 607) + (80° + 60°] + 2 60" = 164,000 mm* P, x 20x 170.88 Fs pe SE 202089 F, 6 08 6 2 0.3511 Va + 160" ‘The resultant force on the bolt should be less than or equal to the strength of bolt. 45.265 {71} +(0.20839 Py +2 x ft x 0.20839 P, x 0.3511 7 vol ~ Py= 17349 kN ; P The service fod, Pee BB assy.Eccentric ard Moment Connections 659 Brample 122 Design a bolted bracket connection to support an end reaction of 400 EN because of the factored toade supported by the Beam. The cs enwricity of the end reaction is ax shown in Fig. Ex. 13.2. The steel wied is of enuh fe 410. Use bolts of grade 4.6. The thickness of bracket plate mes be taken an 10 mm. The column section is ISHB 1$0 @ 300.19 Nim Solution For Fe 410 grade of steel: f, = 410 MPa For bolts of grade 4.6: f., = 400 N/mm? Yes = partial safety factor for the material of bolt = |.25 The relevant properties of ISHB 150@ 300.19 Nim are: Gauge, = 90mm Thickness of flange, = 9.0mm The factored end reaction is transmitted on to the two bracket plates as chown in Fig. Ex. 13.2. Thus the load for which the bracket connection is to be designed is p= “02 ~ 200 kN, (Student should not confuse With the bracket connection design, Section 12.5, where the values other than 50% of the reaction are prescribed. Here, the design load has been considered to be 50 treating the stationary reaction of 400 KN from the beam.) ‘Let us provide 20 mm diameter bolts of grade 4.6. For 20 mm diameter bolts: dy = 20+ 2=22 mm Edge distance, ¢ =33mm (From Table 4.2) Stress area, Aj =245 mm? (From Table 4.3) Minimum pitch, p =2.5%20=50mm=60mm Strength of the bolt in single shear, Ma =Aa Ae = 245 x fs $00 igs , =} x 10° = 45.26kN Wxias* Strength of the bolt in bearing. E Vu = 2.5 Ayal (fis least of f, and f,,,) Z e_ 3 P25 = © __ 0.25 = 0.659; A, is least of 33x DOO 3G F505 F3) 400 «9.975; and 1.0 f 40 Hence, Ay = 0.50 it 3 Vog = 2.5 0.50 x 20x 9.0 x 755 x 10° = 72,000N Hence, the strength of the bolt, V,y=45.26 kN - Us provide bolts in two vertical rows. Number of bolts required in one row, [GAT [6% 200x250 _7 439-3 "= Vpn Vi V60x 2 x45.26 Provide 16 bolts on each bracket plate with 8 bolts in each row. Stitical bolt will be the bolt A shown in Fig. Ex. 13.2 (¢)d (GS _ Liv Sane esto of Sted SR Force on critical bolt A F, £232 - 125KN Pea te The force ia the bolt doe to torque. Fz= ‘The direct forse. Eccesmnetty. ,=Ni1 48° = 217.70 mm ast) 2 USE + 457) 498 +455) + 33" +457) Ere spay = $6,463 mm* 200 = 250 x 217.70 34.417 kN 6.5 —S___ = 0.06 seas Resoltant force on the critical rivet. ee Tels Fait = 2m 125 * 31517 x 0.206 = 36.12 KN om e= Fev <45.26kN which is as it shold be. je — aN poe) ss | j w-| 2 | ocr 7 ef-s / 809.93 kNmm which is as it should be. Hence, provide a seat angle 150.x 75 x 12 mm. Shear capacity of the ‘outstanding leg (seating leg), Sf 250 = = = 196.82 iN Vege az Sx 12x = fm > HON Which is all right. am angle leg with i uma flange ; Ea * a dence 4.6 grade bolts. The bolts will be in single shear and bearing. A,y= 243 mm* (From Table 4.3) Strength of the bolt in single shear, Wigs Ag lt 45 x 4 x 10° 2 45.264N 8 te NB x 1.25 110 eo Number of bolts required, n = 4526" 243=4 Provide 20 mm diameter bolts of grade 4.6, 4 in numbers in two rows at a pitch of mm, it seat leg with Provide 20 mm diameter bolts of grade 4,6, 2 in numbers to connect flange.IgA 100 75 x8 mm 4SLB 250 ISA 150 x 75 x 12 mm |< 20mm diameter bolts Fig &. BS Provide a nominal cleat angle ISA 100 x 75 x 8 mm over the top of the beam flange. Connect the legs of this angle with the flanges of beam and column with two 20 mm diameter bolts each. Example 13.6 Design a stiffened transmitting an end reaction of 320) ISHB 300 @ 576.8 Nin. The steel Solution For Fe 410 grade of stecl: f, = 410 MPa. f,y = 250 MPa For bolts of grade 4.6: f,,=400 MPa Partial safety factor for material of bolt: Y= 1.25 Pantial safety factor for material: Ynq= 1.10 = [250 . 250 - o=f2- B10 The relevant properties of the sections to be connected from Appendix XV are: seat connection for an ISMB 350.@ 514 N/m AN (due to factored loads) 10 a column section is of grade Fe 410 and bolts of grade 4.6. Property ISMB 350 ISHB 300 ‘Width of flange, by ~ 140mm 250,mm Thickness of flange, ty 14.2'mm 10.6 mm Thickness of web, 1, 8.1mm 7.6mm Gauge, ¢ 80mm Ea PF Radius at the root, R, 14mm The length of scat angle, B = width of beam flange = 140 mm, (B= 140m) Bearing length of seat leg, b= & x Meo = 320% 10° , 1.10 _ 173.82 mm j ef B20: Provide a clearance ¢ of § mm between the beam and the column flange.eas ; Lettre and Moment Connections 667 — Requ 173.8245 = 178 i : = 178.82 mm = 200 Let us provide seat angle 200 x 1 pect bi ected fo the Mange of beam with 225 9.01 Wilt Satng leg of 200 mn con. ‘ diameter bolts of Radius at root of angie, R= 13.5 mm Preise gies ete Handbook No.1) Bearing area tequired by stiffener angles, Tan 1 A= RG 320% 10 ew 1408 mm? Let us provide two angles ISA 90 x 60 x & mm , Area provided by the stiffening legs of the angles = 2 x (90 *8)= 140mm * Length of outstanding leg = 90-8 = 82 mm ee: Thickness of the angle, 4, = 8 mm should be Morethan 44. (8.1 mm). Since the thickness is almost same and stiffener angle section may be used. Length of outstand of stiffener 14 1,0.i¢., 148% 1= 112 me which is as it should be. Distance of end reaction from column flange, ¢,= ~ = 100 mm ‘Stiffener angles provide some rigidity to the seat angle and the reaction is assumed to act at the middle of the seat leg. Thus the eccentricity is increased. Design of connections Let us provide 24 mm diameter bolts of grade 4.6, at a pitch of 60 mm. The bolts connecting the legs of stiffener angles with column flange will be in single shear and. bearing. For 24 mm diameter bolt,A,, = 353 mm? (From Table 4.3) Minimum pitch, p=25x24=60mm Edge distance, €=39 mm=40mm (From Table 4.2) Diameter of bolt hole, dy = 2442 =26 mm (From Table 4.2) Strength of the bolt in single shear, x 10°? =65.22 kN fo _ 405, 400 = = 353 Mam A 13 Yas 3 *x 125 Strength of the bolt in bearing, Fe aps Vig 2.5 kydt (fis least of f, and f,,.) P 60 . kyis least of —£ = 42 20513; 7-025 == 9-025 =0519: 3d, 3x26 “3dy 3x2 Las _ 400 _ 9.975; and 1.0 f 410 Hence, k,= 0.513 400 3 Vig= 25 x0.513 x24x 8 x55 10" =78.8kNLimit State Design of Stee! Structures th of the bolt = 65.22 KN Hence, strengt / There will be two vertical rows of bolts connecting tees of the two stiffener angie, with the column flange Number of bolts in one Fo. rear _ [ex 320 x 10" x 100 Nea Va \exresx ss ' se deih of stfener angle = 46042 x40 = 329.0 fh = 320-40 = 280 mm W7 = 2807 = 40 mm Refer to Fig. Ex 13.6. The critical bolt will be A. “4 1204 180 4 240] = 1200 mm y= 2x [0+60 2x [0+ 60" + 120° + 180° + 240°] = 216.000 mm? Moment shared by the critical bolt, yt Be I 2 2787 x 10" AN Tensile force inthe critical boh, 27.87 x 10" x 280 = 2/31 x10 x2, . eee ee Shear force in the critical bolt, ye — = 320 504N tumber of bolts 2x5 (afelete ‘Strength of bol in tension. Ty, = TJ os - fem ya z | | 0 | om! | oH eo | | ten zoo i 1oren | $+ ijo! | (seat angie) | ted a Oo 280 mm + i 2, 1SA.90 «60x 8mm" oot ae angie) 4 6 | mm | ” ot ml ] | (stiffener: | 1 4 ——Fonge of 1SH 30°~ etn ca, pment Connecrisne 688) Ta 99 fon Aas = 0.9 400 56 454 se lo" - = 12708 kN fos 12s Pa A= 259 I 6489 01s 128 ogy | Henee, Ty = 127.08 4N j and Toy = 127.08/1.25 = 101.664 32)? (36.12 2 (a) *(iotss) =9267 <10 which is as should be. brample 1374 bracker plate is used to transfer the reaction of a beam tog column flange as shown in Fig. Ex. 13.7 The bracket Plete is connectedt te the column flange by a 6 wen fillet welt. Compute the mavineum lead shut eure be placed aver the bracket Plates at a distance of 75 mm fram the flange of the column section. ISHS 300 25768Nm poms, fg Oy The total load transferred by the bracket connection will be 2 P,. Size of weld = 6mm Effective throat thickness, f, = 0.7 x6 =4.2 mm f ft edge of the Let = the distance of the centroid of the wel! group from the lleft edge ‘chet plate, (2 x 200 x 4.2) 100+ (200 x 4.2) 0 2x 200% 4.2 + 00x42 = 66.66 mun is Fitar moment of inertia of weld group 4, 1 i 4.2.x 200" |, [20x42 e242 10"] 42x20 ,, ‘ 12 R ) Solution Let P, be the factored load which the joint can transfer through ene flange | = 1960.2 x 10*mm! =. cae E ZERO 42 200 100 6.667] + 200 4.2% 66.662 “tail I= hth . , = 1960.2 x 10"+ 1120.12 x 10" = 3080.32 x 10! may’ re distance of extreme point ‘of weld from the C.G. of the weld sroup = V100" + (200 - 66.66)" = 166.672 mitt —__F__9, 0003968 2, Nim? Direct shear ste88.4i = 7553904 200) x42 Shear stress due to tw isting monKnt. Px (200 - 66.66 4 75) 166,672 = 0.011273 Py Nim? be ee 32x 10° = 200 = 0.80 os Oe 66 aa Resultant shear sitess. tt Se a gg = \COUSNEE Py + (OOTITT Py) # 20003968 Py % 0011273 P, «08 = 14642 10" P; Now, the resultant shear stress qq should be $ Fu [Let us assume shop welding. 7,.= 1.25 410 4642 «10° P, = ——— a6 OLS = P, = 129.3 KN Py 1293 == N mais “Total load supported by the bracket = 2 x 86.20-= 172.40 KN. Service load, P = ————— Exemple IRB A bracker plate is welded to the | flange of a column section ISHB 300 @ 618 Nim, | > %a— | som) ‘as shown in Fig. Ex. 13.8. Calewlate the size of the | — weld required to support a factored load of LIOKN. | £ | Assume shop welding. jE oe : “9 Solution Let x = distance of the centroid of the weld j group from the left edge of the bracket plate. \>t —4 {,= throat thickness 1 g 13999 (2x 200 19 x 100-+ 260 x1 xO | & 2x 2x1 + 260 xr a = 60.606 mm fig BDFecentri¢ and Moment’ Hence, eccentricity of the load = (200 ~ 60,606) + 80 = 139.394 + 80 = 2194 mm, Polar moment of inertia 4s 2 [205s atoxps 30] + 126 = 822.466 x 10's, mm! he 22200", 200 x¢100 = 09] 2022 ype, » 60.606" = 290.9% 10's, mm! Jn the calculation of 7, and f, the terms 260% and HY ang 20012 12 —5— have been neglected. This is because its numerical value willl be i insignificant, and will also lead to unnec- essiiry complications in calculation if considered, I= +h, = (822.466 4, + 290.9 4) « 10'= 113.366 x 10s, mm! = V130? + 139.3947 = 190.606 mm am 394 90.606 cos @= "0.73132 110 x 10° 166.66 2 Direct shear stress, gy = @x 20920), 7 Ne Shear stress due to twisting moment, = HOx 10° «219.4 | 113.366 x 10", 241317 etm 4 Combined stress =i —J+ f: a 2 x 16606 ar xo73i32] i (for shop welding y,,,,= 1. 546.99 410 4 v3 x 1.25 4,= 2.88 mm Size of weld = 59 Provide «5 mm weld for making the connection.or Limie State Design of Steet StruCures ick is used to transmit a reaction of 140 ky 10mm thi flange as shown in Fig, Ex, 13.9 Exomple 129A bracket plate from the column at an eccentricity of 100 mm Design the weld. Solution For Fe 410 grade of stecl: f,= 410 MPa, f, = 250 MPa Partial safety factor for shop Weld: Tom = 1.28 Partial safety factor for material Yoo = 1.10 Bending stress. f 250 4 227.27 MPs 140 kN. fy 08 x 410 100! 20.8 x ee OEE w 151.5 MPA San = 08 * FOS x 1.25 . ‘The joint can be designed as a groove weld oF as a fillet weld. fa) Groove weld 10mm thick bracket Letus provide a double J groove weld. Effective throat thickness, r=thickness of| bracket ISHB 300 plate = 10mm @ 576,8Nim Depth of bracket plate, Fo. a= ot 140 x 10° 100 _ mus Vi, 10 x 227.27 192.25 mm=210 mm Provide depth of bracket plate 210 mm. ‘ Direct shear stress. 9) c= ead = 66.67 N/mm? 6 Pe, Bending stress. fy, a= 0 6 x 140 x 10" x 100 _ 2 (Lye noo Tet = 190.47 Nimm? (Ly = 4) ~ 7 Nonajie 3 x 66.67" =F yt 34 cay = VIOOAT +3 66,67" = 222.74 Némm? < 227.27 Nimm* The equivalent stress, which is safe. (b) Fillet weld Let us try 6 mm fillet weld. Effective throat thickness, t,= KS =0.7 x 6 = 4.2 mm a (oa _ [ox 140 x 10"x 100 Depth of bracket plate, d= Vitifon V 2x 42x 1515 = 256.92 mm = 280 mm7 Fecentri and Moment Connections Provide depth of bracket plate 280mm, 2 140. 10" Nex = 2 et 42 Bap 5732 Nim? 6x 140 x 10° 100 cat —_——s™, 2 SS Bhd aug? 7 12755 Nim i ise Combined stress, j= Vat al = VSOSES TSS = 140.75 Nim? 5 *200=85.71 23204, 11204, ; 85.17 x 10" _ 178.56 yyenen? Shear stress in the flange well= > 139%34,f ¥ 200= 114.29 kN Load shared by the web welds = 2 - ri " a674 State Design of Steel Seruceurcs 114,20 10° _ 178.57 smn? Shear sress inthe web welds = Soa =, mm “The moment is shared in proportion of the extreme weld distance from the neutra axis, Horizontal shear stress in the flange weld, 200 x 10" 170. 999 2 275-73 mm? 2466.133 x 10", it 1 combination. Tape tienes Se 410 ( 78.57 ss = Won. Vax 1.25 = 121.734 mm 17M 07 Hence, provide the size of weld en web as equal to 3 mm. Size of weld on flange = 2x 2.477 = 4.95 mm =5 mm Note The maximum size of the weld which can be provided on Mlange is. — = 127-152 11.2mm>S mm Tet = ey t Size of the web weld = = 2477 mm=3 mm which is all right, Eremple BN Design an un-stiffened welded seat connection for a beam ISMB 250 @ 368.9 Nim transmitting an end reaction of 110 KN, due to the factored Jonuds. 10 the flange of column ISHB 200 @ 365.9 Nim. The seat angle is welded ta the column flange in workshop. Solution The values of the bearing length, the size of seat angle, distances 6, and b,, and the calculation of maximum moment are same as that in Example 13.5. Therefore. provide seat angle ISA 150 x 75 x 12 mm with seating leg of 75 mm and 150 mm leg connected to the column flange. f R= Ls Ss ?. 110 x 10°= (2x 150) x $x 210. ce a VWixtos (For shop weld: y,. = 1.25) = S= 193mm ¢imm Provide a 5 mm fillet weld. ‘Connect the seat leg with beam flange by 2-24 mm diameter bolts of grade 4.6. Example BIZ Design a stiffened seat connection to joh : ‘ join ISMB 350 @ S14 Nin with a column section ISHB 300 @ 576.8 Nim. The beam transmits an reaction of 320 EN due to factored loads. Steel is of grade Fe 410. Solution For Fe $10 grade of steel: f, = 410 MPa Partial safety factor for shop welding: y,. = 1.25 ‘The calculation for the required bearing le its value wi jin same 3* iE. 13.6and willbe 178.2 mm and HS Sate will remain—— Fecentric and Moment Connections Seat plate of 180 mm length, ‘The width of the seat plate > width of beam Mange (140 mm) = 140 mm Hence, provide a width of seat plate = 160 mm. Refer to Fig. Ex. 13.12 (a), The thickness of seat plate ¢ thickness of the beam flange (14.2 mm) = 142mm Provide a seat plate 180 x 160 x 16 mm in size, Stiffening plate Thickness of stiffening plate ¢ thickness of beam web (81mm) 4 =8.1 mm Provide 16mm thick stiffening plate, Distance of end reaction from the outer edge of seat plate = 180 - 1az = 90.59 mm Bending moment = 320 x 90.59 = 28,938.83 Nmm Depth of stiffener plate can be determined from buckling criteria. feiso or @< 189 x 16=302.4 mm Hence, adopt depth of stiffener plate 300 mm. Provide a stiffener plate 300 x 16mm. Refer to Fig. Ex. 13.12 (a) 2x 300 x 15040 Ee 9096 em 2x 300 + (160 - 16) =) = 300 - 120.96 = 179.08 mm Assuming unit weld thickness, . 249 $2300 x(17901-22F] 4,,0f weld group =|(160~ 16) x 120.96 +27 +2 2 a= = 262.41 x 10 mm* 32010" ___ 439.10 Nim Vertical shear/mm. = 353004 160-16) = 28988.8 x 10° x 120.96 _ 1936.96 NYnm Horizontal shearfmm, qs 2621 xIO F 4 gi = 130.10" + 1336.26" = 1403.77 NG; +; = ¥430.10" + 1336.26 1403.77 N/mm, Resultant ‘Stress, a= it 190377 075 OT xSx 1s 5 $= 1059 mm= 1 mm Provide 11 mm weld. and connect it Pavia ee size flange cleat angle ISA 100 x 100 x 6 mm bY S mm fillet weld as shown in Fig. Ex. 13.12 (b).BPE see anf Ste Sectes 5mm filet weld 100 = 100 « 6 mm Je 160 mm—* fg & BR Example 1213 In a framed connection an ISLB 350 @ 485.6 N/m transmits an end reaction yur KN and a moment of 22 kNm, under factored loads to a column ISHB 300 @ $76.6 N/m. Design the connections. Solution For Fe 410 grade of steel: f, = 410 MPa. f= 250 MPa For bolts of grade 4 6: f,,=400 MPa Partial safety factor for material of bolt: yn. = 1.25 ‘As the moment is small, a clip angle connection may be tried. The relevant properties of ISLB 350 @ 485.6 N/m and ISHB 300 @ 576.8 N/m from Appendix XV are Property ISLB 350 ISHB 300 Width of flange, b 165 mm. i Thickness of flange, t, 14mm 10.6 mm Thickness of web, 1, 7.4mm 7.6mm Depth of section 350 mm 300 mm 100mm 140 mm Gauge, ¢ Let us try 24 mm diameter bolts of grade 4.6. For 24 mm diameter bolts: A,,,= 353 mm? (From Table 4.3) Diameter of bolthole. dy =24+2=26 mm (From Table 4,2) pith, p=2Sx24=60mm edge distance, ¢ =39mm=40mm (From Table 4.2) k,is leastof = WES Sar a xoe Su 3 4.975, and 1.0, ‘= Pp 60 =0.513; —- 2———-_ = q 3d, 0.25 3x26 0.25 = 0.519; Hence ky = 0513 Strength of bolt in single shear,nana Mote In the calculation of bearing strength above i clip angle is more than the thickness ‘of beam web Strength of bolt in tension, Te =Taltoy: it 8 assumed that the thickness of and column flange, T= 09d thy Hag = 0.9.x 400 x 353 x 10° = 12708 kw #250 x 135 5 452 « 10” = 128.40 kN Hence, strength of bolt in tension, Tyy= 127.08/1.25 = 101.66 KN, Flange clip angles Provide two! Mange clip. angles ISA 200 « 100; mm, with 100 mm leg connected to the column flange, Assume the gauge distance for 100 mm leg, ¢ = 60 mm Lever arm = 60 + 350+ 60 =470 mm = 22x10° Pull, Pz “m= 46.80 kN Consider the effect of initial tension (assume thickness of angle = 15mm). Maximum pull on bolt, T=P[1+025( tl) = 46.80x [! +075 (SI) = 92.87 KN Provide two bolts to connect the flange clip leg with the column flange. Strength of bolt = 101.66 KN. , i the bolts = 2 x 101.66 = 203.32 kN Safe pull transmitted by Son “hich is all right, Assuming thickness of angle leg = 15 mm ‘ximum moment in clip angle, My= 05 P(g~4)=05 «46.80/60 -DP a imi Sea Design of St STUTATS Moment capacity of 1S mint thi Ae 250 107 = 1431.82 KN mm 2 Za eele Too 1.10 > 1228.5 kNmm his all right ie flange clip angles ISA 200 100 x 1S mm Bolts connecting Mange lip angle with beam flange: 22x10. er gen Horizontal shear. \ St elaalle Number of bolts. SHB 300 ISA 200 x 100 « 15 mam yo !SLB_350 —— Provide 4, 24 mm diameter bolt in two rows to make the connection. Web clip angles Number of bolts required toconnect web clip angle to beam web (Vy = 65.22 KN) Number of bolts, 220 = ne sea 7 357=4 Provide 4, 24 mm diameter bolts in ISA 200 x 100 x 15mm two rows at a pitch of 70 mm as shown in Fig. Ex. 13.13. Size of web clip angte Fy. &. BB Size of each leg = pitch + 2 x edge distance = 70 +2 x 40 = 150 mm Provide two web clip angles 150 x 150 10 mm. Check for prying force: Edge distance. .=40 mm 1, = gauge for angle leg = 60 mm ‘Load factor, y=Ls =2.0 fy = 0.1 f,, = 0.7 400:= 280 MPa Prying force, o-ze>[r- Brfob, 2 TB 7.= 7287 « 46.4351N | 1s! = x [aoaas 2415280210 1408 A 27 x 40 x 60" =33671N Total tension on the bolt = 46.80 + 33.67 = 80.47 kNFecenric and stoment Connections Capacity of 24 mm bolts = 101.66 kN > 80.47 KN which is safe. Nm. Steel is of grade Fe 410 and bolts are of grade 4.6, Solution For Fe 410 grade of steel: f, = 410 MPa. f, = 250 MPa For bolts of grade 4.6: /., = 400 MPa Partial safety factor for material of bolt: 7.4, = 1.25 The relevant properties of ISLB 600 @ 976.1 Nim and ISHB 350 @ 661.2 Nim from Appendix XV are: Property ISLB 600 ISHB 350 Width of flange, b, 210 mm 250 mm Thickness of Nange, t 155 mm 1.6mm \ Thickness of web, 1, 105 mm 83mm Depth of section, D 600 mm 350 mm Gauge, ¢ 140mm Let us provide 20 mm diameter bolts of grade 4.6. For 20 mm diameter bolts: dy= 20+ 2=22 mm pitch, p =2.5x 2050 mm = 60mm Edge distance, e=33mm «From Table 4.2) Stress area, Aj = 245 mm? (From Table 4.3) Strength of the bolt in single shear, Son 400 eee Vag Ane 245 x ag * WAS 26k Strength of the bolt in double shear = 2 x 45.26 = 90.52 KN Strength of bolt in bearing, f we PSkydt TH (Lisleast of f, orf.) Aisteastof <= hg 200. Fy 0 = 7-025 = 0689; fos. $00 «9.975: and 1.0 i 410 Hence, k, = 0.50 Let thickness of. angle be 10 mm. Thickness of beam web = 10.5 mn Thickness of column flange = 1.6mm Strength of the bolt in bearing, a _BBD Lima Srate Design of Steel Structures: Vas 25x 05x 20% 10% 22 x10 = SOkN Strength of the bolt in tension Tie. = Tai Fate Yon Ta= 09 far Ann Sun Aw = 0.9 x 400 x 245 10 = BE TKN 25 9 250 155314 x 1077 = 89.2 KN Hence. Ty = 88.2/1.25 = 70.56 AN The bolts will be subjected to a pull P acting at the centroid of bolt group ‘connecting the split-heam flange with the column flange. Let thickness of split beam be 10 mm. M_ 65x10" | ge sean Pull. P= 55" gos 16 = OOM 106.56 Number of bolts required to resist the pull = E> = 1.70=4 Provide 20 mm diameter 4 bolts of grade 4.6 and in two rows. Thickness of split-beam flange r= 0S Px S205 % 106.85 x HOE. 3463.2 KN mm Moment capacity of split-beam flange, « h i 3 212462612 £ Myo 1.2 2,0 1.2 258 9 140 x 2 10" 332012129 x taxi? oe TH 6 = y= 2333mm From Appendix XV. select and provide ISWB 600 @ 1423.4 N/m. Cut this section at middle of the web to get (xo split beam pieces. The relevant properties of the section are: 1)=23.6 mm, t,= 11.8 mm Length of web of split beam = 92? = 300 mm _ The bolts connecting the split beam web to the flange of ISLB 600 will be in single shear and bearing. ‘Strength of bolt = V_= 45.26 kN Shear force, 65x10" Rp = 108.33 kN Number of tots required for connection, = 108.33 2.39 = 4 Provide 4 bolts of 20mm diameter in two rows,Check for prying action Four boks of 20 mm diameter have been provi coanectin -beam flange to the column flange, roe a Tensile force in the bolt due to applied moment, 1, =40mm 230 1232. 72183 sro MS is sonstt (Fig. Ex. 13.14) Y=15 (load factor) B=2.0 (non-preloaded) fy = 0.7 f,,=0.7 x 200 = 230 MPa Prying force, Oat ly, Pthobet) 618 [arog 2x15 20% 10% 140 e286! a7 | fe T= = a 21, 2748 2x 0x6LE = BITAN Total tensile load = 7, + Q= 2708+ 1377 = 40854" <7OS64N Web cleans Two angles one on each side of the beam web will be provided to transmit the end shear, the bolts will be in deuble shear and bearing. Strength of the bolt = 80 kN Number of bolts required = 32 = 1.37=2 80 Provide wobolts toeonnect the web cleat snglowibebown ch The ne somber jy bolts will he required to connect the web cleat angle with the sane ange. Ms bolts can be accommodated in single tow, provide ISA. 90 x 90 x 10 mm. one FAN side of beam web.882 Limit State Design of Stee! Structures Example end reaction of 3001N TRS An [SMB S00 @ 852.5 Nim transmits an and bending moment of 150 kN, wnder factored loads, to the flange of a column ISHB 300 @ $76.8 Nin Design a welded conection, Solution For Fe 410 grade of steel: f, = 410 MPa. f, = 250 MPa ; Partial safety factor for weld: 7. = 1.50 (Field weld) The relevant properties of ISMB S00 @ 852.5 N/m and ISHB 300 @ 576.8 Nim from Appendix XV are: Property ISMB S00 ISHB 300 Depth of the seetion, D $00 mm 300 mm Waith of flange. by 180mm 250mm Thickness of flange. ty 1.2mm 10.6 mm Thickness of web, 1, 10.2 mm 7.6mm Provide a plate at the top of beam flange. 1" Force inthe top plate, Py = 75 X10 _ 300 kN End reaction. P= 300kN . (Cross-sectional area of the plate = Te = On At 2 1320mm* 2 z Let us provide the top plate 180 mm wide, tapered to 160 mm at the end. Thickness ofthe plate = 1227 = 8.25 mm= 10mm Let us provide weld size of 6 mm. , Strength of weld per mm = 0.7 x6 x = = 6279 Nien 300. 10° = Length of weld required = “275 = 452.60 mm = 460 mm Prowide side fillet weld = 218 150 mm = 160. mm Total weld length that can be provided = 2 1604 160=480 mm The length of unwelded portion of the plate ¢ width of the plate = 180 mm Length of top plate = 180 + 160 = 340 mm The top plate will be connected to the column flange by complete penetration groove weld. Let us provide a similar plate and connection at bottom flange of the beam. Let us provide angles on the beam web to transfer the end shear. Let us provide 6 mm weld for connection. Strength of weld per mm run = 662.79 Nimm. Length of weld required for connecting angle leg with beam web _ 30x 10" =452 Gin Olimm | fiiciettotnnrrnerice «| Fixentrc and Shoment Connections There will be two weld lengths, Length of weld on cach angle leg = Hence, minimum len, Let us provide 2, Fig Bx 15, Stiffeners = Force in the tfener = 13010" yy Pull in the stiffener should equal the strength of the wed Let us provide 6 mm weld size. The length of the weld required will be 452 6 mm same as above, Let us provide stifte available to weld the sti Fig. Ex. 13.15, 52.6 =2263mm = 40 mm igth of the web angle = 40mm ISA 75% 75.568 min in sive and 320 mm in tength as shown in ‘er plate for half the depth of column section. The places iffence plate with the c ‘olgmn flange will be four in number, Maximum length of column flange available for making connection Om thick clate jo _$§$vie-t! = Gee et z [> 6 mmiitet wore TEs | [240 mm “ , vit x) Gal fears t5 10472884 Limie State Design of Steet Structures 250 ~ gee 2x53) a6 iain Let us provide stiffener plates 100 mm wide and 10 mm thick. Total length of weld that can be accommodated to connect stiffener with column flange = 4x (100 - 5.3) = 378.8 mm < 476.19 mm. The remaining length of the weld can be accommodated on the stiffener plate con- necting the column web. Let us provide 40 mm weld length on cach side of stiffener plate connecting web of the column, Total length of weld provided = 378.8 + 4 x 40 = 538.8 mm > 476.19 mm which is safe.