Lab Report No 8

CONSERVATION OF ANGULAR
MOMENTUM
Group no.05
Group Members:
1. Haseeb Ramzan (130501006)
2. M. Saad Hameed (130501022)
3. Zain Ul Hassan (130501023)
4. Saad Abubakar (130501024)
5. Sarmad Fayyaz (130501033)
6. Zain Ul Abadin (130501035)
7. Syed Mansoob Bukhari (130501039)
8. Malik Hamza Khalid (130501040)
9. Saeed Anwar Bhatty (130501042)
MODEL: ME-DY-4043
CONSERVATION OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM Lab Report No. IST-MECH-MAM-EXP01/00
Table of Contents
......................................................................................................................................................... 1
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... 3
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 4
THEORY ........................................................................................................................................ 4
Angular momentum .................................................................................................................... 4
Comparison of linear and angular momentum: .......................................................................... 5
Conservation of Angular momentum: ........................................................................................ 5
Example: ..................................................................................................................................... 6
8.3 OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................................................. 7
8.4 APPARATUS ........................................................................................................................... 7
......................................................................................................................................................... 7
Cylinder: ..................................................................................................................................... 7
Rod: ............................................................................................................................................. 7
8.5 OBSERVATIONS .................................................................................................................... 8
8.6 APPLICATIONS ...................................................................................................................... 8
Precautions: ..................................................................................................................................... 8
8.7 CONCLUDING REMARKS .................................................................................................... 9
WORK DISTRIBUTION ............................................................................................................. 10
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 11
ME-202L ENGINEERING MECHANICS LAB

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ABSTRACT
The purpose of this experiment is to observe the conservation of angular momentum by

predicting a new angular speed when a mass rotating in a circle is pulled into a smaller radius.
The general result output which was derived and proved through this experiment clearly tells
that the angular speed increases as the masses contract because the system wants to conserve
its angular momentum.

3
INTRODUCTION
Angular momentum and linear momentum are examples of the parallels between linear
and rotational motion. They have the same form and are subject to the fundamental
constraints of conservation laws, the conservation of momentum and the conservation of
angular momentum.
THEORY
Angular momentum
The angular momentum of a rigid object is defined as the product of the moment of inertia
and the angular velocity. It is analogous to linear momentum and is subjected to the
fundamental son straits of the conservation of angular momentum principle if there is no
external torque on the object. Angular momentum is a vector quantity. It is derivable from
the expression for the angular momentum of a particle.
Figure 1

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Comparison of linear and angular momentum:
Figure 2
Conservation of Angular momentum:

The angular momentum of an isolated system remains constant in both magnitude and
direction. The angular momentum is defined as the product of moment of inertia “I” and
the angular velocity “ ”. The angular momentum is a vector quantity and the vector sum of
the angular momenta of the parts of an isolated system is constant. This puts strong
constraints on the types of rotational motions which can occur in an isolated system. If one
part of the system is given an angular momentum in a given direction, then some other part
or parts of the system must simultaneously be given exactly the same angular momentum
in the opposite direction. As far as we can tell, conservation of angular momentum is an
absolute symmetry of nature. That is, we do not know of anything in nature that violates it.
Figure 3

5
Example:
The moment of inertia is large with the masses If the masses are pulled in, the moment of
held out. For a given angular momentum, inertia is considerably decreased.
the angular velocity is relatively low. Conservation of angular momentum dictates
that the angular velocity must increase.
Figure 4

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8.3 OBJECTIVE
The objective of this experiment was to prove the Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum.
8.4 APPARATUS
Figure 5
In this two cylinders are mounted on edge of the rod .when the radius is reduced the angular
velocity of the rod increases.
Cylinder:
Figure 6
This is the rod and can be slide on the rod.
Rod:
Figure 7
The rod is of some specific length.

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8.5 OBSERVATIONS
The angular momentum of a system of connected rigid bodies is converted about the system
center of mass or a fixed point, where the sum of all the angular impulses about the system is
zero or very small
In case of a single rigid body conservation of angular momentum is given by
…………….. (1)
When the distance between the two rotating masses is large, momentum of inertia is large and
angular velocity is small. But when we reduce the distance between two masses then moment
of inertia decreases but angular velocity increases.
8.6 APPLICATIONS
Consider a spinning skater. A popular skating move involves beginning a spin with one's arms
extended, then moving the arms closer to the body. This motion results in an increase of the
speed with which the skater rotates increases. We shall examine why this is the case using our
conservation law. When the skater's arms are extended, the moment of inertia of the skater is
greater than when the arms are close to the body, since some of the skater's mass decreases
the radius of rotation. Because we can consider the skater an isolated system, with no net
external torque acting, when the moment of inertia of the skater decreases, the angular
velocity increases.
Precautions:
The reduction in the radius and as a result of it the increment of the angular speed must be
carefully observed. Only one person should be dealing with this apparatus and remaining must
observe carefully the ongoing phenomenon.

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8.7 CONCLUDING REMARKS
This experiment perfectly proves the law of conservation of angular momentum. Angular
momentum remained conserved in the experiment. The radius was reduced and in turn angular
speed increased in order to conserve angular momentum.

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WORK DISTRIBUTION
Saeed Anwar Bhatty = Abstract, Objective.
Malik Hamza Khalid = Observations.
Saad Abubakar = Apparatus, Applications.
Sarmad Fayyaz = Introduction, Theory.
Haseeb Ramzan = Conclusion, Precautions.
M. Saad Hameed = Procedure, Compilation.

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REFERENCES
 https://www.google.com.pk/search?q=conservation+of+angular+momentum&oq=conservation
+of+Angu&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0l5.11895j1j3&sourceid=chrome&es_sm=122&ie=UTF-8.
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_momentum.
 http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/solarsys/angmom.html.

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CONSERVATION OF ANGULAR

ME-202L ENGINEERING MECHANICS LAB

The purpose of this experiment is to observe the conservation of angular momentum by

ME-202L ENGINEERING MECHANICS LAB

ME-202L ENGINEERING MECHANICS LAB

Comparison of linear and angular momentum:

Conservation of Angular momentum:

ME-202L ENGINEERING MECHANICS LAB

ME-202L ENGINEERING MECHANICS LAB

This is the rod and can be slide on the rod.

The rod is of some specific length.

ME-202L ENGINEERING MECHANICS LAB

ME-202L ENGINEERING MECHANICS LAB

8.7 CONCLUDING REMARKS

ME-202L ENGINEERING MECHANICS LAB

ME-202L ENGINEERING MECHANICS LAB

ME-202L ENGINEERING MECHANICS LAB

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